Destroyer Bio 201-300 Flashcards
Deepest layer of epidermis?
Stratum germinativum
In which layer of the epidermis are melanocytes located?
Stratum germinativum
Stratum corneum?
Outer most layer of epidermis containing dead epithelial cells
Where is dermis located?
Below epidermis
Outer membrane of lungs?
Pleurae
Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?
In alveoli
Pinna?
Fleshy outer portion of external ear
Steroid hormones synthesized from?
Cholesterol
DNA probes?
Small segments of DNA that enable detection of gene in DNA sequences
Progeria?
Premature aging
Inactive X chromosome?
Barr Body
Achondroplasia?
Dwarfism
How many genes in lac operon?
3
Progesterone inhibits the release of what hormone to prevent ovulation?
FSH
What structure in brain regulates temperature?
Hypothalamus?
What tissue covers brain and spinal cord?
Meninges
What refers to the amount of substrate need to produce have of the Vmax?
Km
How many chambers in fish heart?
2
How many chambers in bird heart?
2
How many chambers in heart of amphibians and reptiles?
3
Is a fern a vascular plant?
Yes
How do ferns reproduce?
Spores
Life cycle of fern?
Alteration of generations
Seed producing plants include?
Angiosperms and gymnosperms
Reproductive structure of angiosperms?
Flowers
How old is the earth?
4.5 billion years
How old are prokaryotes?
3.5 billion years
How old are eukaryotes?
0.5 billion years
Spindle fibers composed of?
Micro tubules
Longest mitotic phase?
Prophase
Shortest mitotic phase?
Anaphase
Where and what are ungulates?
African savanna
Large hooved plant eating mammals such as giraffes
What could account for a 2:1 genotypic ratio?
Lethal gene
Do mature xylem and sieve tube cells have a nucleus?
No
Function of parenchyma cells in plants?
Metabolic functions such as compound synthesis
What makes up wood in a tree?
Secondary xylem
How does oxygen exit a plant?
Stromata
Hydras, corals, jellyfish
Phylum?
Cnidaria
Spiders and crustaceans
Phylum?
Anthropoda
Tunicates, mammals, amphibians, reptiles, jawless fish
Phylum?
Chordata
Does RNA polymerase proofread?
No
Cotyledon function?
Store food for germinating seedling
What happened during a partial action potential?
Does not exist
What type of immunity is responsible for production of immunoglobulins / antibodies?
Humoral immunity
What type of cells produce antibodies?
B-lymphocytes
Most abundant metabolic waste product?
CO2
Where are ribosomes assembled?
Nucleolus
What type of fish are hagfish and lampreys?
Jawless fish
Where is most ATP generated in cellular respiration?
Electron transport chain
Where is bile produced?
Liver
What is the chamber where pollen develops?
Anther
Female reproductive part of plant?
Pistil
Sticky part of pistil that catches pollen?
Stigma
Tube connecting stigma to ovary?
Style
Myoglobin stores what in muscles?
Oxygen
Primary neurotransmitter of parasympathetic nervous system?
Acetylcholine
Primary neurotransmitter of sympathetic nervous system?
Norepinephrine
Does acetylcholine have excitatory or inhibitory effects on muscles and glands?
Both
Excretory organ of annelids?
Nephridia
Annelids segmented or non segmented worms?
Segmented
What type of bond links nucleotides?
Phosphodiester bonds
Major criterion in defining a species?
Reproductive isolation
Cephalopod circulatory system?
Open circulatory system
What type of viruses contain both DNA AND RNA?
None
Prions?
Infectious protein particles
Distinguishing feature of tRNA?
Unusual bases
Shape of tRNA molecules maintained by what bond?
Hydrogen bonding
Kingdom for blue-green algae and bacteria?
Monera
Paramecium kingdom?
Protista
Green algae kingdom?
Protista
Plasmodium cause?
Malaria
Osteoblasts mature into?
Osteocytes
Mast cells release?
Histamine
Collagen made by?
Fibroblasts
Vertebrae grouped in what phylum?
Chordata
Amnion?
Fluid filled sac that surrounds the embryo
Allantois sac stores?
Nitrogenous waste
rRNA makes up what percentage of RNA?
80%
How do codons and anticodons bind?
Hydrogen bonding
Denitrification?
Nitrate or nitrite converted to N2
NADH yields how many ATP?
3 ATP
FADH2 yields how many ATP?
2
Where does electron transport chain pump protons?
Out of mitochondrial matrix into intermembrane space
Lichen is combination of what?
Blue-green alga with fungus
How many quarts of blood in adult?
5 quarts
Antibodies consist of ?
Two heavy chains linked to two light chains by disulfide bonds
Sticky part of flower that catches pollen?
Stigma
Mullerian mimicry?
Group of organisms posses same yellow warning color (wasps, bees, hornets
Batesian mimicry?
Deceptive mimicry
In response to smoking, mucous production increase or decrease?
Increase
Micro injection fertilization?
Sperm cell directly injected into egg
Promoter region in prokaryotes?
Pribnow box
Promoter sequence in eukaryotes?
TATA box
Macrophages derived from what cells?
Monocytes
Erthroblastois fetalis
Mother?
Fetus?
Mother Rh (-) Fetus Rh(+)
Egg or sperm
Chromosome #?
Chromatid #?
23 chromosomes
23 chromatid
What type of cells are histones found in?
Eukaryotes
Nucleosomes?
Bead like structures of histones wrapped by DNA
Complement system function?
Destroy microorganisms
Shortest period of mitosis?
Anaphase
When does synapsis occur?
Prophase I of meiosis
What is synapsis?
Pairing of homologous chromosomes
Allopatric speciation?
New species forms because of geographic isolation
Sympatric speciation?
Speciation occurs after ecological, genetic, or behavioral barriers arise within the same geographical boundary
Earthworm phylum?
Annelida
Flatworm phylum?
Platyhelminthes
Zymogen?
Inactive form of an enzyme
Does endocytosis use ATP?
Transport of what?
Yes
Liquid transport
Phagocytosis material type?
Solids
Streptococci form what structures?
Chains
Staphylococci form what structures?
Clusters
Where is greatest resistance to blood flow?
Arterioles
Number of incisors?
8 incisors
How many canines?
4 canines
How many premolars?
8
How many molars?
12
GC or AT makes DNA more stable?
GC
