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Physical Science > Desk CH 25 > Flashcards

Desk CH 25 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

system of mountain ranges on the seafloor separated by valleys

A

mid-ocean range

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2
Q

a long, narrow depression formed in between peaks along the mid-ocean range

A

rift valley

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3
Q

the boundary where two plates collide

A

convergent plate boundary

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4
Q

when a thick and buoyant continental plate meets a thin and dense oceanic plate, “the denser plate dives beneath the continent

A

subduction

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5
Q

the boundary between two plates that are moving apart

A

divergent plate boundary

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6
Q

plates slide horizontally past each other in opposite directions

A

transform plate boundary

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7
Q

is the sudden movement or vibration of the ground that occurs when rocks slip and slide along enormous cracks in Earth’s crust called faults

A

earthquake

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8
Q

is a crack in Earth’s crust along which rock has moved

A

fault

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9
Q

sudden release of strain energy as rock moves along a fault

A

elastic rebound

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10
Q

the point of origin for an earthquake

A

focus

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11
Q

the point on Earth’s surface directly above the focus

A

epicenter

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12
Q

what were pieces of evidence that supported his hypothesis

A

large animal fossils, coastlines matched up like puzzle pieces, mountain ranges matched up(also had same rock composition)

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13
Q

what was the name of the super continent?

A

Pangaea

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14
Q

Who came up with the continental drift hypothesis?

A

Alfred Wegener

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15
Q

who came up with the Sea Floor spreading hypothesis?

A

harry hess

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16
Q

What did Hess use to help him create a map of the sea floor?

A

sonar

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17
Q

where will younger rock be found on the sea floor?

A

closer to the MOR or near the MOR

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18
Q

who discovered the mid-ocean ridge

A

harry hess

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19
Q

what are the three types of plate boundaries?

A

divergent boundary,convergent boundary, and transform boundary

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20
Q

close together or collide

A

convergent

21
Q

subduction only happens with which type of plate boundaries

A

convergent

22
Q

what are the two types of crust are involved in plate

A

oceanic crust

continental crust

23
Q

what lands form when oceanic crust and continental convert

A

oceanic trenches

24
Q

what land forms can be formed when two oceanic crust collide

A

hot spots= they create islands

25
Q

what land is created when two continental collide?

A

mountains

26
Q

What type of crust must be presented from volcanoes activity occur?

A

ocean crust

27
Q

how do divergent plate boundaries move

A

they come apart

28
Q

what are 2 examples of divergent plate boundary’s

A

an MOR(Mid- Ocean Ridge, made up of oceanic crust) . The East African Rift( made up of continental)

29
Q

how do transform boundaries move?

A

slide by each other

30
Q

what is a specific example of a transform boundary

A

San Andres Fault

31
Q

what continental crust or involved with transform plate boundary

A
32
Q

what is a convenient current

A
  1. magma heats up, becomes less dense, then it rises 2. magma cools down, more dense, then goes down/ sinks
33
Q

what are the other forces that helps plate movement

A

slab pull, ridge push, friction

34
Q

What two types of boundaries have shallow earthquakes?

A

divergent and transform boundaries

35
Q

which type of plate boundary has deep earthquakes?

A

convergent plate boundaries

36
Q

what are the type of stresses that can be applied to rocks?

A

compression, tension, shear, and torsion stress

37
Q

what are the two types of deformation?

A

elastic and plastic deformation

38
Q

what happens to a rock whenever elastic deformation happens

A

deforms then it returns to it’s original shape

39
Q

what happens to a rock whenever plastic deformation happens

A

it deforms and stays in that new shape

40
Q

what are the Seismic Waves

A

primary,secondary, and surface

41
Q

what type of seismic waves move the fastest

A

primary

42
Q

how do primary waves move?

A

they are compression waves

43
Q

what type of materials do they move through

A

solids and liquids

44
Q

how do secondary waves move

A

transverse waves

45
Q

what type of material do secondary waves move through

A

solids

46
Q

which type of wave is most complex and causes the most damage

A

surface waves

47
Q

what are the scales used to measure earthquakes

A

richter and mercalli scale

48
Q

what does a richter scale tell us about an earthquake

A

the amount of energy released

49
Q

what does the mercalli scale tell us about an earthquake

A

the amount of damage done

Physical Science (13 decks)

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