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Physical Science > CH 29 > Flashcards

CH 29 Flashcards

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1
Q

How many degrees does the earth spin in an hour?

A

360 degrees

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2
Q

What was the symbol for degree taken from?

A

Taken form the sun

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3
Q

Who devised a method of timekeeping around 3000 B.C.?

A

Babylonians

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4
Q

When is the earth furthest away from the sun

A

July

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5
Q

When is the earth closest to the sun

A

January

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6
Q

How are auroras created?

A

Electrically charged particles collide with atoms in the atmosphere and emit light

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7
Q

Scientific name of southern and northern lights

A

Northern- Aurora Borealis

Southern- Aurora Australis

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8
Q

Within Earth’s magnetic field,deflects

A

Magnetospshere

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9
Q

When was the last magnetic reversal?

A

700,080 years ago

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10
Q

how often do magnetic reversals happen

A

Every 200,000 years

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11
Q

what is it called when magnetic poles switch

A

Magnetic reversal

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12
Q

Can magnetic poles flip flip

A

Yes

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13
Q

At what degrees is earth’s axis tilted

A

11.7 degrees

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14
Q

Which magnetic pole is located in the South Pole

A

North magnetic pole

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15
Q

Which magnetic pole is located in the north pole

A

In the south magnetic pole

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16
Q

What does the magnetic field protect the Earth from?

A

Harmful radiation

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17
Q

What are two factors that effect gravitational pull

A

Mass and distance

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18
Q

sphere

A

a round, three-dimensional object, the surface of which is the same distance from the center in all directions

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19
Q

ellipse

A

an elongated , closed curve with two foci

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20
Q

time zone

A

an area 15 degrees wide in which the time is the same

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21
Q

rotation

A

is the spinning of Earth on its axis

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22
Q

revolution

A

the motion of Earth in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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23
Q

ecliptic

A

defined as the plane of Earth’s orbit around the Sun

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24
Q

solstice

A

occurs when Earth’s rotational axis is tilted directly toward the sun or away from the sun

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25
Q

equinox

A

Earth’s rotational axis is perpendicular to a line drawn from the center Earth to center of the sun

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26
Q

What direction does the sun rise?

A

east

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27
Q

How many hours does it take earth to make one full rotation?

A

24 hours

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28
Q

What direction does the sun set?

A

west

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29
Q

True or false. All time zones are the same exact size?

A

False, they are modified to fit around cities,states, and country borders ,and other key sites

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30
Q

How many time zones are there in the world?

A

24 time zones

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31
Q

Which direction do you move to add hours to the time?

A

east

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32
Q

Which direction do you move to subtract hours from the time?

A

west

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33
Q

What are the names of the time zones?

A

Atlantic/Alaskan, Pacific, Mountain, Central, Eastern, and Hawaiian

34
Q

How many time zones are there in the United States?

A

6 time zones

35
Q

What is solar day?

A

Sun one day at noon to sun at noon the next day

36
Q

What is a sidereal day?

A

one certain star one night the next day gets replaced

37
Q

Which 2 seasons have a solstice?

A

winter and summer

38
Q

What are the two main reasons for seasons?

A

tilt of the axis and revelution

39
Q

Which month is the summer solstice?

A

june 21st

40
Q

Which month is the winter solstice?

A

december 21st

41
Q

Which two seasons are equinoxes?

A

spring and fall

42
Q

Which month is the spring equinox?

A

march 21st march 22nd

43
Q

Which monthly is the fall equinox?

A

September 22nd or 23rd

44
Q

When is the longest day of the year?

A

June 21st

45
Q

When is the shortest day of the year?

A

december 21st

46
Q

When are the days almost 12 hours of day and 12 hours of night?

A

march 21st and 22nd and september 22nd or 23rd

47
Q

tide

A

a rise or fall in the ocean surface

48
Q

moon phase

A

reflects the change in appearance of the moon as seen from Earth

49
Q

solar eclipse

A

occurs when the Moon moves directly between the Sun and Earth and casts a shadow on Earth

50
Q

lunar eclipse

A

occurs when Earth passes between the Sun and Moon and casts a shadow on the moon

51
Q

maria

A

are the dark-colored, flat, lava-filled regions on the Moon’s surface

52
Q

regolith

A

a layer of dusty lunar material produced by collisions between asteroids and comets and the Moon

53
Q

how many days does it take the moon to revolve around Earth?

A

27.3 days

54
Q

a complete lunar phase cycle takes 29.5 days, what is this called ?

A

synodic month

55
Q

do you ever see the backside of the moon?

A

no

56
Q

what causes a tide to rise or fall?

A

the gravitational pulls the sun and moon

57
Q

what is the rise of sea level called?

A

high tide

58
Q

after the sea level rises how many hours does it take for the sea level drop?

A

six hours

59
Q

which is farther from Earth, the sun or the moon?

A

sun

60
Q

does the moon or the sun cause a greater effect on Earth’s tides?

A

the moon

61
Q

how are the sun, the earth, and the moon aligned for a spring tide?

A

the sun the earth and the moon are in a straight line

62
Q

how are the sun, the earth, and the moon aligned for a neap tide?

A

sun earth moon make a 90 degree angle

63
Q

what does the phase of the moon you see depend on?

A

position of the moon, earth, and the sun relative to one another

64
Q

when does a new moon occur?

A

when the moon is between the earth and the sun

65
Q

how many phases of the moon are there?

A

8

66
Q

what is the definition of waxing phases?

A

illuminated portion that we see appears larger each night

67
Q

what is the definition of waning phases?

A

the illuminated portion we see see begins to look smaller

68
Q

what are the moon phase names?

A

new moon, waxing crescent, 1st quarter, waxing gibbous, full, waning gibbous, 3rd quarter, and waning crescent

69
Q

where is the word month derived from?

A

moon

70
Q

how is the earth, moon, and sun aligned during a solar eclipse?

A

sun moon and earth

71
Q

what is an umbra?

A

the fully shaded inner region of a shadow cast by an opaque object

72
Q

what is a penumbra?

A

partial eclipse

73
Q

how is the earth, moon, and sun aligned for the lunar eclipse?

A

sun, earth, and moon

74
Q

how are the depressions on the moon formed?

A

craters

75
Q

are there mountains on the moon?

A

yes

76
Q

which side of the moon is thicker?

A

far side

77
Q

is the mantle of the moon a solid or a liquid?

A

solid

78
Q

what did the Clementine spacecraft do?

A

confirmed that the crust of the side facing earth is thinner than the other side

79
Q

what did the Lunar Prospector do?

A

took surface photos of the moon, confirmed has iron rich coal, evidence that supports the presence of water- ice on the moon

80
Q

what is the Giant Impact Theory

A

mars-sized object collided with Earth, sending debris into orbit, remainder condensed into a large mass, forming the moon

Physical Science (13 decks)

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