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CH 29 Flashcards

1
Q

How many degrees does the earth spin in an hour?

A

360 degrees

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2
Q

What was the symbol for degree taken from?

A

Taken form the sun

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3
Q

Who devised a method of timekeeping around 3000 B.C.?

A

Babylonians

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4
Q

When is the earth furthest away from the sun

A

July

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5
Q

When is the earth closest to the sun

A

January

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6
Q

How are auroras created?

A

Electrically charged particles collide with atoms in the atmosphere and emit light

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7
Q

Scientific name of southern and northern lights

A

Northern- Aurora Borealis

Southern- Aurora Australis

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8
Q

Within Earth’s magnetic field,deflects

A

Magnetospshere

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9
Q

When was the last magnetic reversal?

A

700,080 years ago

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10
Q

how often do magnetic reversals happen

A

Every 200,000 years

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11
Q

what is it called when magnetic poles switch

A

Magnetic reversal

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12
Q

Can magnetic poles flip flip

A

Yes

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13
Q

At what degrees is earth’s axis tilted

A

11.7 degrees

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14
Q

Which magnetic pole is located in the South Pole

A

North magnetic pole

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15
Q

Which magnetic pole is located in the north pole

A

In the south magnetic pole

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16
Q

What does the magnetic field protect the Earth from?

A

Harmful radiation

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17
Q

What are two factors that effect gravitational pull

A

Mass and distance

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18
Q

sphere

A

a round, three-dimensional object, the surface of which is the same distance from the center in all directions

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19
Q

ellipse

A

an elongated , closed curve with two foci

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20
Q

time zone

A

an area 15 degrees wide in which the time is the same

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21
Q

rotation

A

is the spinning of Earth on its axis

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22
Q

revolution

A

the motion of Earth in an elliptical orbit around the sun

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23
Q

ecliptic

A

defined as the plane of Earth’s orbit around the Sun

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24
Q

solstice

A

occurs when Earth’s rotational axis is tilted directly toward the sun or away from the sun

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25
equinox
Earth's rotational axis is perpendicular to a line drawn from the center Earth to center of the sun
26
What direction does the sun rise?
east
27
How many hours does it take earth to make one full rotation?
24 hours
28
What direction does the sun set?
west
29
True or false. All time zones are the same exact size?
False, they are modified to fit around cities,states, and country borders ,and other key sites
30
How many time zones are there in the world?
24 time zones
31
Which direction do you move to add hours to the time?
east
32
Which direction do you move to subtract hours from the time?
west
33
What are the names of the time zones?
Atlantic/Alaskan, Pacific, Mountain, Central, Eastern, and Hawaiian
34
How many time zones are there in the United States?
6 time zones
35
What is solar day?
Sun one day at noon to sun at noon the next day
36
What is a sidereal day?
one certain star one night the next day gets replaced
37
Which 2 seasons have a solstice?
winter and summer
38
What are the two main reasons for seasons?
tilt of the axis and revelution
39
Which month is the summer solstice?
june 21st
40
Which month is the winter solstice?
december 21st
41
Which two seasons are equinoxes?
spring and fall
42
Which month is the spring equinox?
march 21st march 22nd
43
Which monthly is the fall equinox?
September 22nd or 23rd
44
When is the longest day of the year?
June 21st
45
When is the shortest day of the year?
december 21st
46
When are the days almost 12 hours of day and 12 hours of night?
march 21st and 22nd and september 22nd or 23rd
47
tide
a rise or fall in the ocean surface
48
moon phase
reflects the change in appearance of the moon as seen from Earth
49
solar eclipse
occurs when the Moon moves directly between the Sun and Earth and casts a shadow on Earth
50
lunar eclipse
occurs when Earth passes between the Sun and Moon and casts a shadow on the moon
51
maria
are the dark-colored, flat, lava-filled regions on the Moon's surface
52
regolith
a layer of dusty lunar material produced by collisions between asteroids and comets and the Moon
53
how many days does it take the moon to revolve around Earth?
27.3 days
54
a complete lunar phase cycle takes 29.5 days, what is this called ?
synodic month
55
do you ever see the backside of the moon?
no
56
what causes a tide to rise or fall?
the gravitational pulls the sun and moon
57
what is the rise of sea level called?
high tide
58
after the sea level rises how many hours does it take for the sea level drop?
six hours
59
which is farther from Earth, the sun or the moon?
sun
60
does the moon or the sun cause a greater effect on Earth's tides?
the moon
61
how are the sun, the earth, and the moon aligned for a spring tide?
the sun the earth and the moon are in a straight line
62
how are the sun, the earth, and the moon aligned for a neap tide?
sun earth moon make a 90 degree angle
63
what does the phase of the moon you see depend on?
position of the moon, earth, and the sun relative to one another
64
when does a new moon occur?
when the moon is between the earth and the sun
65
how many phases of the moon are there?
8
66
what is the definition of waxing phases?
illuminated portion that we see appears larger each night
67
what is the definition of waning phases?
the illuminated portion we see see begins to look smaller
68
what are the moon phase names?
new moon, waxing crescent, 1st quarter, waxing gibbous, full, waning gibbous, 3rd quarter, and waning crescent
69
where is the word month derived from?
moon
70
how is the earth, moon, and sun aligned during a solar eclipse?
sun moon and earth
71
what is an umbra?
the fully shaded inner region of a shadow cast by an opaque object
72
what is a penumbra?
partial eclipse
73
how is the earth, moon, and sun aligned for the lunar eclipse?
sun, earth, and moon
74
how are the depressions on the moon formed?
craters
75
are there mountains on the moon?
yes
76
which side of the moon is thicker?
far side
77
is the mantle of the moon a solid or a liquid?
solid
78
what did the Clementine spacecraft do?
confirmed that the crust of the side facing earth is thinner than the other side
79
what did the Lunar Prospector do?
took surface photos of the moon, confirmed has iron rich coal, evidence that supports the presence of water- ice on the moon
80
what is the Giant Impact Theory
mars-sized object collided with Earth, sending debris into orbit, remainder condensed into a large mass, forming the moon

Physical Science (13 decks)

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