Describing Distributions Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 requirements for describing a distribution?

A

Center, Shape, Spread, Outliers

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2
Q

Center

A

Mean, Median or Mode

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3
Q

Measures of Spread

A

How far apart the numbers are in relation to each other

Range, IQR, Variance and Standard Deviation

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4
Q

Shape

A

Symmetric, normal, skewed left, skewed right, uniform, bimodal

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5
Q

Box Plot

A

A graph of the 5 number summary

A modified box plot shows if the data set has outliers.

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6
Q

Stemplot

A

A graph for quantitative data. Each value of the data set is represented by a stem and a leaf. Each leaf may only be 1 digit. Stem plots may have rounded values in place of the actual data.

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7
Q

Histogram

A

Common distribution for one variable

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8
Q

Dot Plot

A

A simple graph for small data sets

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9
Q

Mean

A

Average

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10
Q

Median

A

The middle number in a data set when the numbers are in order.

Sometimes called Q2 or MED

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11
Q

Mode

A

Most common value within the data

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12
Q

Outliers

A

A value that doesnt follow the general trend of the data.

Upper limit = Q3 + 1.5(IQR)

Lower limit = Q1 - 1.5(IQR)

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13
Q

Standard Deviation

A

A measure of spread. The average distance from the mean.

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14
Q

Range

A

A measure of spread

Maximum-Minimum

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15
Q

5 Number Summary

A

Used in box plots

Min-Q1-Median-Q3-Max

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16
Q

Quantitative

A

Numerical measures (order)

17
Q

Qualitative

A

Classification of individuals based on attributes/characteristics (categorical, grouping)

18
Q

Bar Graph

A

Used for categorical data

19
Q

Ogive

A

A relative cumulative frequency histogram

20
Q

Pie Chart

A

Categorical data separated into percentages

21
Q

Symmetric

A

Equal on both sides

22
Q

Minimum

A

Smallest value within the data

23
Q

Q3

A

The median between the median and the maximum

24
Q

Time Plot

A

Used to follow trends based on time (connecting)

25
Q1
Median between the minimum and median
26
Normal
Perfectly symmetric distribution
27
Uniform
Histogram with bars of all the same height
28
Bi-Modal
A graph with 2-peaks
29
Maximum
Largest value in the data set
30
Population
Entire group of individuals to be studied
31
Sample
Subset of studied population