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SBL > Dermatopathology - Martin > Flashcards

Dermatopathology - Martin Flashcards

1
Q

Freckle (Ephelis) Etiology

A

Sun Exposure

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2
Q

Pathophysiology of Freckle

A

Increased Melanin

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3
Q

Pathophysiology of Cafe au lait spots

A

Macromelanosomes w/ melanocyte cytoplasm

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4
Q

___ is a benign localized hyperplasia of melanocytes immediately above basement membrane

A

Lentigo

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5
Q

When does lentigo normallyy begin?

A

Childhood

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6
Q

Elongation of ___ are common in lentigo

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7
Q

Melanocytic Nevus (mole) can either be a ___ or a ___

A

Macule or Papule

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8
Q

a Nevus is going to have well defined ___ and ___ pigmented

A

1) Borders
2) Uniformly Pigmented

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9
Q

What are the mutations in a benign melanocytic nevus (mole)

A

1) RAS
2) BRAF

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10
Q

What are the 3 phases of a mole

A

1) Junctional
2) Compound
3) Intradermal

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11
Q

Dysplastic Nevi is a precursor to ___

A

Melanoma

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12
Q

What two mutations are commonly seen in Dysplastic Nevi

A

1) CDKN2A
2) CDK4

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13
Q

CDKN2A gene codes for ___ and ___ which are tumor suppressors.

A

1) p16
2) p14

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14
Q

CDK4 allows progression from ___ to __ phase in cell cycle

A

1) G1
2) S

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15
Q

A Dysplastic Nevi is larger than a ___ nevi, so greater than 5mm

A

Aquired

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16
Q

What are some characteristics of a Dysplastic Nevi. (5X)

A

1) Variegated Pigmentation, irregular borders of lesions
2) Lentiginous Hyperplasia
3) Atypia
4) Lymphocytic Infiltration in Dermis and Melanin Incontence
5) Linear Fibrosis around Rete Ridges

https://plasticsurgerykey.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/image02707.jpeg

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17
Q

Melanoma is cause by

A

Sun Exposure (UV radiation) –> DNA Damage

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18
Q

What are the Risk Factors of Melanoma? (5X)

A

1) Light Complexion, hair, eyes
2) Hx of blistering sunburns
3) FHx of melanoma or dysplastic nevi
4) Precursor Lesions Congenital or Dysplastic Nevi
5) Xeroderma Pigmentosum

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19
Q

Sites of Presentations of Melanoma

A

1) Upper Back - Males
2) Legs - Women
3) Soles, Mucous Membranes, Palms, Nail Bed - Blacks and Asains

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20
Q

Clinical Features of Melanoma (ABCDEs)

A

1) Asymmetry
2) Irregular Borders
3) Variegated Color
4) Increased Diameter
5) Evolution Change over Time

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21
Q

What is a concerning sign of melanoma when a pt has a mole?

A

1) Diameter >6mm
2) Itching or Pain

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22
Q

What is the most common mutation associated with Familial Form of Melanoma.

How is it Inherited

A

1) CDKN2A
2) Autosomal Dominant

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23
Q

List 4 other genes (Other than CDKN2A) that are associated with melanoma

A

1) RAS
2) PI3K/AKT
3) BRAF
4) TERT

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24
Q

What is the most common gene associated with Melanoma? What advantage does it give it?

A

1) TERT
2) Telomerase - Reverse trasncription that adds DNA telomeres to 3’ end
- Enables replicative immortality

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25
Q

List the Characteristic of Histology in regards to Melanoma

A

1) Lymphcyte Infiltration
2) Abnormal Mitosis
3) Aggregates of infiltrating Cells
4) HMB-45+ Cells in Lymph Node
5) Red Nucleoli

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26
Q

List the two growth phases of melanoma

A

1) Radial
2) Vertical

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27
Q

Vertical Growth in melanoma is indicated by

A

Nodule

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28
Q

Types of melanoma associated with radial growth

A

1) Lentigo Maligna
2) Superficial Spreading
3) Acral/Mucosal Lentigious

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29
Q

Mealnoma: ___ is the most common type usually involving sun exposed skin and prolonged horizontal growth

A

Superficial Spreading

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30
Q

Melanoma: ___ is slow growing melanoma on old men faces and is usually painless

A

Lentigo Maligna

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31
Q

Melanoma: ___ is melanoma unrelated to sun exposure

A

Acral/Mucosal Lentiginous

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32
Q

__- is the distance from superficial epidermal granular cell layer to the deepest intradermal tymor cells

A

Breslow Thickness

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33
Q

What is the most important prognostic factor when concerning Melanoma

A

Breslow Thickness

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34
Q

___ is a round flat, coinlike, waxy papule that can be tan-dark brown.

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35
Q

Seborrheic Keratosis has a ____ apperaence and a ___ plug

A

1) Stuck on
2) Keratin

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36
Q

What is the activating mutation in Seborrheic Keratosis

A

FGFR-3

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37
Q

____ is a paraneoplastic syndrome with sudden appearance of a large number of Seb K

A

Leser-Trelat Sign

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38
Q

Leser-Trelat Sign is associated with carcinoma of the ___

A

GI

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39
Q

In Seborrheic Keratosis there is increased proliferation of ____ and ___ which causes ___ or Keratin filled cysts

A

1) Keratinocytes
2) Hyperkeratosis
3) Horn-Cysts

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40
Q

List the Charteristics of Acanthosis Nigricans (2X)

A

1) Thickened
2) Hyperpigmented Skin w/ velvey-like texture in flexure areas

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41
Q

Acanthosis Nigricans is associated with which diseases: (4X)

A

1) Type II Diabetes
2) Cushing Syndrome
3) Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
4) Obesity

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42
Q

Describe the Pathogenesis of Acanthosis Nigricans

A

1) Increased Growth Factir Receptor Signaling in Skin
- increases epidermal and fibroblast proliferation

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43
Q

The familial form of acanthosis nigricans is associated with what mutation?

A

FGFR3

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44
Q

List some locations where you might see Acanthosis Nigricans

A

1) Axilla
2) Groin
3) Neck

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45
Q

What are two other names for Skin Tag

A

1) Fibroepithelial Polyp
2) Acrochordon

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46
Q

Where will you find skin tags

A

Intertriginous Areas

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47
Q

List 3 associations with Fibroepithelial polyp

A

1) Diabetes
2) Obesity
3) Intestinal Polyposis

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48
Q

What are the physical characteristics of Fibroepitelial Polyp (3X)

A

1) Soft
2) Flesh Colored
3) Bay-like tumors often attached by slender stalk

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49
Q

What is the core of a Fibroepithelial Polyp

A

1) Fibrovascular covered by benign squamous epithelial

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50
Q

____ are rare polyps and parifollicular mesenchymal tumors via fibroblasts. This Syndrome is also associated with Renal Cancer

A

Birt-Hogg-Dube Syndrome

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51
Q

___ is an invagination and cystic expansion of the epidermis or hair follicle

A

Epithelial Inclusion Cyst (Wen)

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52
Q

Rupture of a Wen causes ___ to spill into the dermis causes ___ inflammatory response

A

1) Keratin
2) Granulomatous

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53
Q

When a Wen ruptures there will be increased aggregations of ____ causing an inflammatory response.

A

Macrophages

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54
Q

PTEN mutation is associated with ____ and ___ cancer

A

1) Endometrial
2) Breast

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55
Q

What pathway does PTEN regulate

A

PI3k/AKT

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56
Q

___ multiple trichilemmomas due to loss of PTEN function

A

Cowden Syndrome

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57
Q

___ proliferation of basaloid cells that form primitive structures resembling hair follicles

A

Trichilemmomas

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58
Q

pts with multiple trichilemmomas due to a loss of PTEN have increased risk of____ and ____ cancer.

What Syndrome is this associated with?

A

1) Endometrial
2) Breast
3) Cowden Syndrome

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59
Q

___ is caused by ductal differentiation on forehead or scalp

A

Cylindroma “Jigsaw Puzle”

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60
Q

Cylindromas can form ____

A

Turban Tumors

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61
Q

___ Hat like growth due to CYLD

A

Turban Tumor

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62
Q

CYLD is a ___ gene

A

Tumor Suppressor

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63
Q

____ is associated with Familial Trichoepithelioma and Brooke-Spriegler

A

CYLD

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64
Q

___ is a benign sweat gland tumor that occurs on palms and soles where there are increased sweat glands

A

Eccrine Poroma

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65
Q

___ is a benign sweat gland eccrine tumor due to eccrine differentiation, small tan papules of lower eye lid

A

Syringoma

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66
Q

Muir-Torre Syndrome is a form of ____

A

Lynch Syndrome

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67
Q

___ is a hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma syndrome

A

Lynch Syndrome

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68
Q

Lymch Syndrome is due to _____

A

DNA Mismatch Repair Enzymes

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69
Q

Muir-Torre is a ___ adenoma

A

Sebaceous

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70
Q

____ is a benign hair tumor due to ___ differentiation.

A

1) Pilomatricoma
2) Follicular

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71
Q

____ mutation is associated with Pilomatricoma. It encodes for ___.

A

1) CTNNB1
2) B-catenin

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72
Q

Ghost Cells are characteristic of ____

A

Pilomatricoma

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73
Q

What gene is mutated in Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome

A

PTCH

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74
Q

How does Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome manifest

A

1) Multiple basal cell carcinomas
2) Medulloblastoma
3) Jaw Cyst

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75
Q

What is the most common malignant brain tumor in children

A

Medulloblastoma

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76
Q

A patient has multiple basal cell carcinomas at a young age. This patient should be check for ___.

Why?

What gene is likely to be Mutated?

What is the Syndrome.

A

1) Medulloblastoma
2) Most common malignant brain tumor in children and associated with this disease
3) PTCH
4) Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome

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77
Q

A pt with a FHx melanoma will probably have a mutation of which gene?

As a physician you are concern that this pt may develop ___ carcinoma in the future.

A

1) CDKN2A
2) Pancratic Cancer

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78
Q

____ is mutated in Muir-Torre Synrome

A

MSH2 (DNA mismatch repair enzyme)

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79
Q

Actinic Keratosis is benign or premalignant?

A

premalignant

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80
Q

___ is characterized by hyperkeratosis on the face, arms, dorsum of hands

A

Actinic Keratosis

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81
Q

What is Hyperkeratosis

A

Thickening of the Stratum Cornea due to the abnormal quanity of keratin

82
Q

Actinic Keratosis can be a precursor for ___

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

83
Q

A pt presents with a rough sand paper like lesion that progresses to a brown erythematous scaly lesion. this is characteristic of ____

A

Actinic Keratosis

84
Q

Characteristics of Actinic Keratosis (5X)

A

1) Sand paper-like consistency
2) Cutanous Horn
3) Dyskeratosis
4) Solar Elastosis: Blue Gray Elastosis
5) Parakeratosis

85
Q

What is Dykeratosis?

When it is assocaited with increased abnormal elastosis fibers due to UV damage, and the retention of nuclei in the stratum corneum, then what is the diagnosis.

A

1) Pink Cytoplasm and keratinzation of a premature individual cell
2) Actinic Keratosis .

86
Q

A pt comes in with a lesion on the lip. there is a cutaneous horn and blue grayish appearance. The pathologist gets a biopsy to make sure that it isn’t malignant. What cancer is the pt at risk for? What is the Diagnosis?

A

1) Squamous Cell Carcinoma
2) Actinic Cheilitis

87
Q

Squamous Cell Carcinoma is associated with ___ and ___ (oncogene virus)

A

HPV 5 and 8

88
Q

SCC is more common __ of th elip and normall presents as a ____less nonhealing bleeding ulcer.

A

1) South
2) Pain

89
Q

SSCC is caised by UV light –> ___ damage

A

DNE

90
Q

_____ is HPV indicated and increased risk of SCC. It is often seen in immunosuppressed patients.

A

1) Epidermodysplasia

91
Q

List the aquired mutation in SCC

A

1) TP53
2) RAS
3) Notch Signaling

92
Q

Notch signaling is ___ in Squamous cell carcinoma

A

Decreased

93
Q

Dykeratosis in Squamous cell carcinoma is characteristic of ( insitu/invasive)

A

Invasive

94
Q

Chacteristics of invasive SCC

A

1) Nodular
2) Keratin Produciton (Hyperkeratotic Scale)

95
Q

Characterize in Situ SCC (2X)

A

1) Sharply defined red scalling plaques
2) Enlarged and hyperchromatic nuclei in all layers of epidermis

96
Q

What is the most common invasive cancer of skin

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

97
Q

___ is slow growing and rarely metz. It is also associated with mutations in hedgehog signaling and PTCH

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma

98
Q

What genes are disrupted in Basal Cell Carcinoma

A

1) Hedgehog Signaling
2) PTCH

99
Q

Characterics of basal Cell Carcinoma (5x)

A

1) Pearly Papules
2) Teleangiectasias
3) Rodent Ulcers
4) Peripheral Palisading
5) Cleft Seperating nest from adjacent stroma

100
Q

What is peripheral palisading

A

Arranged radially with long axes in parallel alignment

101
Q

Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma is also known as ___

A

Dermatofibroma

102
Q

Population of Dermatofibroma

A

Adult Women on Legs

103
Q

Dermatofibroma have an association with a history of _____ trauma

A

antecedent

104
Q

A Positive ___ sign will be present with a Benign Fibrous Hisyiocytoma or Dermatofibroma

A

Dimple

105
Q

List Histo characteristics of Dermatofibroma: (2x)

A

1) Benign Spindle-shaped cells and non-encapsulated mass in mid dermis
2) Pseudoepithliomatous Hyperplasia
- Epidermal Hyperplasia w/ downward elonation of hyperpigmented rete ridges

106
Q

____ is a fibrosarcoma of the hand that is well differentiated

A

Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans (DFSP)

107
Q

What genes are mutated in Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans

A

COL1A1

PDGFB

108
Q

How does Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans present

A

Protuberant Nodule

109
Q

Histological Characteristics of Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans

A

1) Storiform
2) Thinned epidermis
3) Honeycomb Pattern

110
Q

What is storiform?

A

Closely packed fibroblasts arrnged radially (blades of pinwheel)

111
Q

Pt has a protuberant nodule. Upon evaluation by a pthologist, they find that there are closely packed fibroblasts arranged radially that look like blades of pinwheel. What other two features will be present?

What is the Syndrome?

A

1) Thinned Epidermis
2) Honeycomb Pattern
3) Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans (DFSP)

112
Q

___ is deep extension from the dermis into the subQ fat. This is seen in Dermatofibrosarcome Protuberans (DFSP)

A

Honeycomb Pattern

113
Q

What is one charteristical differnce between Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans (DFSP) and Dermatofibroma.

A

Thinned Epidermis in Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans (DFSP)

114
Q

___ is a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma

A

Mycosis Fungoides

115
Q

A pt presents with scaly, red-brown patches, raised scaling plaques, and fungating nodules. A histological analysis is performed and it is indicated that CD4+ Tcells are the culprit. If the spread continues to the blood, what symptoms will present?

A

Erythoderma

116
Q

Characterize Erythroderma

A

Diffuse erythema and scaling of entire body surface

117
Q

Sezary Syndrome is characterised by ____ cells with a ___ nuclei.

A

Sezary Cell

Cerebriform Nuclei

118
Q

Py presents with eczema like lesions, but a couple years later they present with multiple tumor nodules and erythema/scaling of the entire body. Up on Histologic analysis there is small clusters of CD4+ T cells in the epidermis and cells with cerebriform nuclei. What other component will be present?

What are the cell aggregates called?

What are the cell names called?

A

Band-like aggregates with in superficial dermis \

Pautrier Microabcesses

Sezary Cells

119
Q

Describe the prognosis of the Mycosis Fundgoides (2x)

A

1) % of body surface invaded
2) Progression from patch –> plaque –> nodule

120
Q

___ is an increase of mast cell accumulation in skin of cells in epidermis `

A

Mastocytosis

121
Q

List two types of mastocytosis

A

1) Urticaria Pigmentosa
2) Solitary Mastocytoma

122
Q

___ are cutaneous forms of increased mast cell accumulation normally seen in children

A

Urticaria Pigmentosa

123
Q

A 3yo patient has multiple round-oval nonscaling plaques. A resident physician rubbed the skin and the localized edema and erythema presented. What other sign would be positive? what is the Disease.

A

1) Dermatographism - area of dermal edema resembling a hive, resulting from local stroking skin w/ pointed instruent
2) Urticaria Pigmentosa

124
Q

What is Darier Sign

A

Localized area of dermal edema and erythema when skin rubbed

125
Q

A child presents with a pink-tan brown nodule the progresses to a blister. Durier Sign is present. What gene is mutated and what is the Dx?

A

1) KIT
2) Solitary Mastocytoma

126
Q

KIT encodes for ____ that promotes __ growth and survival

A

1) Tyrosine Kinase
2) Mast Cell

127
Q

What are some signs that Mastocytosis is now systemic? (5X)

A

1) Puritis and Flusing
2) Rhinorrhea
3) GI or Nasal Bleeding
4) Bone Pain
5) Osteoporosis in premopausal women or men

128
Q

What causes bleeding in systemic mastocytosis

A

Heparin Anticoagulate Effect - Relased by Mast Cells

129
Q

Bone pain is a sign of Systemic Mastocytosis due to____

A

Mast Cell infiltrating bone marrow

130
Q

a ___ stain is performed when Mastocytosis is sus. because of ___ granules of Mast Cells.

A

1) Giemsa
2) Metachromatic

131
Q

Pt presents with fish-like scales and no inflammation. What is the pathophysiology of the fish-scales?

What is the diagnosis

A

Defective DeSquamation along with chronic keratin buildup(hyperkeratosis)

Ichthyosis

132
Q

Another name for Urticaria is

A

Hives

133
Q

Antigen dependent localized mast cell degranulation leading to dermal microvascular hyperpermeability and angioedema, is characteristic of ____

A

Urticaria (Hives)

134
Q

Physical manifestations of Hives

A

1) Wheals
2) Angioedema

135
Q

What is Angioedema

A

Edema of the deeper dermis and subq fat.

136
Q

What are wheals.

A

Prurtic edematous plaques

137
Q

A pt with pruritic edematous plaques and Clear spaces between collagen and diulted lymphatics in a histological analysis will also present with what clinical feature?

What is the diagnosis

138
Q

Acute Eczematous Dermatitis Presentation

A

1) Red
2) Papulovesicular
3) Oozing and crusted lesion

139
Q

PAthogenesis of Acute Eczematous Dermatitis (2x)

A

1) External Ag or Ingested Food/Drug.
2) T Cell mediated inflammatory Rxn (Type IV HS)

140
Q

___ is the active agent in posion ivy and oak that leads to Acute Eczematous Dermatitis

A

Urushiol

141
Q

Acute Eczematous Dermatitis histologically will present with edema in intracellular spaces in statum spinosum (known as what?) and keratinocytes with nuclei (known as what?)

142
Q

Etiology of Erythema Multiforme (4x)

A

1) Infection
2) Drug
3) Cancer
4) Collagen Vascular Disease

143
Q

Pathogenesis of Erythema Multiforme

A

1) CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes induced damage of Keratinocytes

144
Q

pts with Erythema Multiforme will present with ___ lesions

A

Targetiod Lesions

145
Q

What are the subtypes of Erythema Multiforme? (3X)

A

1) Interface Dermatitis
2) Stevens-Johnsons
3) Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

146
Q

Interface Dermatitis is a subtype of ____. List the Histological features of interface dermatitis. (3x)

A

1) erythema multiforme
2) Dermal Edema
3) Lymphocyte infiltration along D-E junction
4) Degenerating Keratinocytes

https://media.springernature.com/original/springer-static/image/chp%3A10.1007%2F978-1-60327-838-6_4/MediaObjects/978-1-60327-838-6_4_Fig12_HTML.jpg

147
Q

Stevens-Johnsons is commonly seen in ___. What areas does it affect? (5X)

A

1) Children
2) Skin + Oral Mucosa
3) Conjunctiva
4) Urethra
5) Genital and Perianal Areas

148
Q

____ is a form of Erythema Multiforme and will resemble extensive burns

A

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

149
Q

What is the pathophysiology of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

A

1) Necrosis and Sloughing off of eutameous and mucosal epithelial

150
Q

Psoriasis, Seb Dermatitis, and Lichen Planus are ___ inflammatory dermatoses

A

Chronic

151
Q

Parakeratosis is seen in diseases that have ___ cell turnover.

A

Rapid

152
Q

Psoriasis is an ____ disorder that can physically present with: (4x)

A

1) Autoimmune
2) Pink to salmon colored plaque covered by loosely adheret silver scale
3) Pitting nails and yellow-brown discoloration
4) Oncolysis
5) Auspitz Sign

153
Q

Pt presents with minute bleeding when a scale is lifted from plaque.

1) what is the sign called?
2) describe 3 other signs that will be present
3) What is the diagnosis?

A

1) Auspitz Sign
2) Pink to Salmon colored Plaques with loosely adherent sulver scales
3) Pitting nails
4) Oncolysis - Seperation of nail plate from underlying bed
5) Psoriasis

154
Q

What is oncolysis

A

Seperation of nail plate from underlying bed

155
Q

Psoriasis can be triggered by local trauma that leads to self perpetuating local inflammtory response. This is known as

A

Koebner Phenomenon

156
Q

What is the histology of psoriasis

A

1) elongation of rete ridges “test tubes in a rack”
2) Parakeratotic Scale

157
Q

Histology slide of parakeratosis

158
Q

Psoriatic plaque histology

159
Q

Seborrheic Dermatitis is seen in regions of increased ____ glands

A

Sebaceous

160
Q

Seborrheic Dermatitis is an inflammation of ____ not a disease of ___

A

1) Epidermis
2) Sebaceous

161
Q

Pt with resting tremors is worried about a rash that is located on their scalp. Histologically there is increased parakeratosis containing neutrophils and serum at hair follicle. There is increased sebum due to ___ def. What is the diagnosis of their skin condition

A

1) Dopamine
2) Psoriasis

162
Q

Follicular lipping is associated with _____ dermatitis

A

Seborrheic

163
Q

Physical Manifestations of Seborrheic Dermatitis: (3X)

A

1) Erythematous-yellow. greasy base
2) Scaling and Crusting
3) Dandruff

164
Q

____ is charterized by purple, pruitic, polygonal, planal, papule, and plaques

165
Q

Lichen Planus can lead to ____

A

SCC

166
Q

What are the two diseases that are associtated with Koebner Phenomenon

A

1) Lichen Planus
2) Psoriasis

167
Q

Saw tooth and cavatte bodies are associataed with _____ planus

A

Lichen

168
Q

Clinical Manifestation of Lichen Planus

A

1) Itchy violaceous flat topped papules
2) Wickham Striae - papules highlighted with white created by areas of hypergranulosis (Mucosa)

169
Q

Wickham Striae is normally presents in

A

https://www.medweiser.com/medweiser_content/uploads/2018/04/wickham_striae.jpg

Oral Mucosa

170
Q

What are the types of blistering diseases

A

1) Pemphigus
2) Bullous Pemphigoid
3) Dermatitis Herpetiformis

171
Q

What are the two categories of blistering diseases

A

1) Inflammatory
2) Non-Inflammatory

172
Q

How do you diagnosis Blistering Diseases

A

1) Histological assessment

173
Q

Pathophysiology of Pemphigus

A

1) IgG autoantibodies disrupt intracellular IgG deposites

174
Q

Types of pemphigus (5s)

A

1) Vulgaris
2) Vegetans
3) Foliacus
4) Erylhomatosus
5) Paraneoplastic

175
Q

Squamous cells be come ___ in pemphigus

A

round

176
Q

Location of Pemphigus Vulgaris

A

1) Mucosa and pts of pressure

177
Q

What is the pathophysiology of Pemphigus Vulgaris

A

1) Sepertion above basal layer

178
Q

Upon histological analysis a lesion has fishnet like patterns with tombstone apperance of the epidermis. What is the pathophysiology of this disease?

What is the disease?

A

1) Seperation above the basal layer
2) Pemphigus Vulgaris

179
Q

the vesicles in pemphisgus vulgaris are easy or hard to break

A

easy

180
Q

Pemphigus ___ is a large moist verrucous (wart-like) studdent with pustules

A

Vegetans

181
Q

Pemphigus Foliacus is common in ____. an presents with ____

A

1) Brazil
2) Erythema and Crusting

182
Q

An elderly pt presents with a nonacantholytic blister. She noticed that the blister will not rupture. What is the pathophysiology of this disease.

Where would this blister most likely be located?

A

Subepidermal seperation

Flexor Surfaces

183
Q

A pt presents with grouped lesions on extensor surfaces. This pt also has lower GI issues. what is the name of the skin condition disease. what is the name of the GI disease in association?

A

1) Dermatitis Herpetiformis
2) Celiac Disease

184
Q

Ig__ antibodies can cross react with ___ in celiac disease and cause a ___ blister when gluten intake is high.

A

1) IgA
2) Reticulin
3) Subepidermal

185
Q

Epidermolysis Bullosa pathophysiology

A

inherited Structural defects

186
Q

____ are blisters at sites of pressure, rubbing, or truama at birth or soon after

A

Epidermolysis Bullosa

187
Q

Where does porphyrin skin lesions typically occur histological

A

Dermoepidermal junction

188
Q

Rosacea occurs in middle aged ___ and has 4 stages. What are the 4 stages?

A

1) Females
2) Flushing
3) Persistent Erythema and Telangiectasia
4) Pustules and Papules
5) Rhinophya

189
Q

Pathophysiology of Rosacea

A

Increased Cathelicidin (Antimicrobial peptide)

190
Q

What is the most common form of panniculitis

A

Erythema Nodosum

191
Q

____ is inflammatory reaction in the subQ adipose tissue

A

Panniculitis

192
Q

A pt comes in with tender erythematous plaques and nodules on the legs. When palpated they feel ropy. what is the likely agent tha tis causing this skin condition?

Will These lesions scar?

A

1) Beta- Hemolytic Streptococcal Infection
2) NO - they will transition into flattened bruise like lesions w/o scarring

193
Q

Pathophysiology of Erythema Nodosum and B-Hemolytic Strep Infection

A

Delayed Hypersensitvity Reaction to microbial or drug related antigens

194
Q

Erythema Induratum is a form of ____ and is commonly seen in ____ and _____ females

A

1) Panniculitis
2) Adolescent
3) Menopausal Females

195
Q

A pt comes in with primary vasculitis of the deep vessels with in the SubQ leading to Fat necrosis and inflammation. Describe what the lesion looks like and name the disease/

A

1) Erythematous Nodule that Ulcerates
2) Erythema Induratum

196
Q

____ is a relapsing fevrile nodular panniculitis

A

Weber-Christian Disease

197
Q

Weber-Christian Disease is seen in ___ and ____. This disease is a non-____ panniculitis.

A

Vasculitis

198
Q

Where is weber-christian normally found

A

LE

199
Q

Describe what Panniculitis looks like histologically (3x)

A

Aggregates of

1) Foamy Macrophages
2) Lymphocytes, Neutrophils
3) Giant Cells

200
Q
A

SBL (8 decks)

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