Clinical Lectures Flashcards
Pathophysiology of SIADH. What agent causes this?
1) Retain free H2O and dilutes serum –> mental status change
2) Antidiuretic Hormone/Arginine Vasopressin (AVP)
____ is a velvety or warty surface with stuck on appearance. Typically occurs in older adults
Seborrheic Keratosis
Typical ___ rash begins on the face and then becomes confluent.
Measles
Ovarian Carcinoma can lead to Malignant ___
Ascites
___ i facial redness in central part of the face and can be characterized via swollen red bumps and enlarged nose/eye problems.
Rosacea
What are some of the clinical consequences of HIV therapy
1) Cardiovascular Risk (MI and Stroke)
2) Cervical Cancer Risk
scarlet fever is associated with what microbe
Group A B-hemolytic Strep
Sister Mary Joseph Nodule is indicative of ___ metz normally via ___ carcinoma
1) Umbilical
2) Ovarian
List the 3 recognizable groups of congenital malformations that increase risk of Wilms Tumor
1) Beckwith-Wedemann Syndrome
2) WAGR syndrome
3) Denys-Drash Syndrome
Virchow Node is associated with ____ esp. in older adults.
Carcinoma - any thoracic or abdominal carcinoma may be responsible
If a physician was stuck with a used needle from a pt with unknown status what is the next step?
PEP
Proximal muscle weakness that improves with repetitive motion/stimulation is indicative of ____
Lambert Eaton Myasthenia Syndrome
Common Etiologies for Humoral Hypercalcemia of Malignancy
1) Squamous Carcinoma
2) Lung
3) Breast
4) GI/GU
Actinic Keratosis is ___malignant for ___
Pre
SCC
Tumors can be irritate the ___ and ___ space leading to fluid accumulation and inflammation.
1) Peritoneum
2) Pleural
If breast lump has skin invasion you should be afraid of ___
Metz until proven otherwise
It is important to check the ___ reflex in sus. pts of retinoblastoma
red
___ tingling pain, eruption of vesicles in a dermatomal distribution
- Pustules –> crusting
Zoster Rash
Any child presenting with LAD and shorness of breath need to have a ____. because Lymphoma loves teh ___.
CXR
Mediastinum
Fibrosarcoma is a ____ neoplasm
malignant
Laboratory Testing can detect:
1) Hemorrhage
2) Effusion
___ is a concern in a pt who has Zoster Rash
Post-herpetic Neuralgia
___: High protein, High cellular count
Exudative
A pt with a positive Kernig and Brudizinskis sign is at risk for what disorder caused by DIC
1) Purpura Fulminans
Before the Cushing Syndrome is diagnosed, the pt may present with ____, __, ___.
New onset hypertension, buffalo hump, or moon facies depending on the cause.
Endobronchial Lung Cancer Tumor can lead to what clinical manifestations that may be present in the physical exam?
1) Stridor
2) Downstream Lung Tissue collapse - SOB
____: Lesions appear at all stages at once; “Dew drop on a rose petal”; Pruritic
Varicella Rash
Why are African Americans the demographic that made up the most HIV diagnoses
Social Determinants of Health
Radiography can detect: CT = gold standard
1) Mass
2) Indications of invasion
3) Obstructive sings/symtptoms
4) Compression
5) Hemorrhage
6) Effusions
What is Pemberton’s Sign?
What is it used for>
1) Exaggeration of findings when arms are raised above the head
2) SVC Syndrome
Cushing Syndrome is the 2nd most common paraneoplastic syndrome in ___
Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma
Post-menopausal female menstruates again. What type of cancer do you suspect. This is an example of ____ in tumors.
Uterine
Hemorrhage
Irritation of the pleura by tumor can lead to the formation of a ____
Malignant pleural effusion
1) How do you diagnose Lambert Eaton Myasthenia Syndrome
1) Antibody analysis
2) Nerve Stimulation Testing
Cat-scratch disease is caused by ____
Bartonella Heselae
___ are an erythematous rash consisting of macules and papules that is symmetrical and diffuse in terms of distribution
Measles
Tumor obstructs ureters may lead to
Hydronephrosis
Lung Cancer Tumor growing ___ can cause Stridor and lung tissue collapse
Endobronchially
Centor Clinical Criteria is for ____
Strep. Pharyngitis
What is the prevalence of HIV in the US?
1.2 million
When will a acute HIV infection normally present
2-4wks
___ is the most common primary renal tumor of childhood
Wilms Tumor
Labs that indicate Humoral Hypercalcemia of Malignancy
1) Elevated Ca2+
2) Low PTH
3) Elevated PTH-rP
____ syndrome is when a tumor secretes substances or tumor cytokines cause other factors to be released by the body like autoantibodies or cytokines
1) Paraneoplastic
List two diseases that cause vesicular rashes.
1) Herpes Simplex
2) Herpes Zosters
Pts with multiple SCC have an increase rate of ____ and nodal ___
1) Local recurrence
2) Nodal Metz
Sx of Measles
1) Fever
2) Conjunctivitis
3) Koplik Spots
4) Maculopapular rash (blanching)
___, ___, ___ cavities provide an abundant room for tumors to grow with out detection. What is the clinical key to sus. these types of tumors?
1) Thoracic
2) Abdominal
3) Pelvic
4) Obstruction
What is the incidence of HIV in the uS
37,968
Population that is consistent with Seborrheic Dermatitis
1) Parkinson Dz
2) HIV + pts
3) Acute Ill
____ is tender to palpation with sand paper like feel; sun exposed parts of body
Actinic Keratosis
____: Painful loose bullae, oral mucosa is common
Pumphigus Vulgaris
List LN to check for in Lung Carcinoma. This is done by the means of _____
1) Hilar
2) Mediastinal
3) Radiographic Evaluation
___ is the peak incidence of wilms tumor
2-5yrs
What is key for the differential of pleural effusion and ascites?
HISTORY
Cutaneous Sx in SLE are diffuse and ___
nonswelling
Pathogenomic findings in Dermatomytosis
1) Periorbital Erythema (Heliotrope)
2) Violaceous Papules over joints of dorsal hands (Gottons Papules)
Pts with meningitiswill have neck stiff ness, fever, back stiffness, and a ___ rash on skin and mucous membranes.
Petechial
Male child pt presents with gonadal dysgenesis and nephropathy. Dx
Denys Drash Syndrome
_____ is indicated by a nonhealing ulcer or warty nodule
SCC
Tumor obstructs GI tract –>
SBO
Koplik Spots occur ___ hrs before characteristic measles exanthem
48
Advance ____ can manifest through Hematogenous metz as well via the ____ –> ___.
1) Carcinomas
2) Thoracic Duct
3) Left Subclavian
___: blueberry muffin baby appearance
Neuroblastoma - Cutaneous dissemination