Dermatomes + Vertebral Column Back 1 Flashcards
C3-C8 Dermatomes
Neck region
Down arm
T1-T11 Dermatomes
Medial side of arm
Thorax
C7 down to small of back
L1-L5 Dermatomes
Lower back
Anterior and medial leg
S1-S2 Dermatomes
Posterior and lateral leg
Vertebral Column made of
7 cervical vertebrae 12 thoracic vertebrae 5 lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5) 5 fused sacral vertebrae 3-4 fused vertebrae of the coccyx
Body of Vertabrae
Support of body weight
Vertebral Arch
Protection of spinal cord
2 pedicles and laminae
Articular Processes
Restriction of movement
Stability
Transverse Processes
Muscle attachment
Movement
Spinous Processes
Muscle attachment
Movement
Foramen Transversium (C1-C6)
Vertebral artery passage
Atlas (C1)
No body or spinous process
Superior articular facets for occipital condyles
Thoracic Vertebrae
Stable
Articulate with ribs
Lumbar Vertebrae
Articular proceses limit rotation but allow flexion/extension
Sacral Hiatus
Posterior, inferior opening to sacral canal
Access to epidural space
Annulus Fibrosus
Concentric layers of oblique fibers around and between vertebral bodies
Nucleus Pulposus
Avascular, gelatinous mass
Shock absorber and semifluid ball bearing
Anterior Longitudinal Ligament
Runs anterior to vertebral bodies
Limits hyperextension
Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Runs posterior to vertebral bodies
Weaker than anterior
Provides stabilization
Ligamentum Flavum
Extends from lamina to lamina
Forms posterior boundary of intervertebral foramen/posterior wall of spinal canal
Where does C1 exit?
Above Atlas
Where does C2 exit?
Below Atlas
Where does C8 exit?
Below C7
Where do thoracic, lumbar and sacral nerves exit?
Below corresponding vertebrae
Meninges of Spinal Cord
Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater
Dura Mater
Outer most layer of meninges
Has denticulate ligament
Denticulate Ligament
Extends from each side of spinal cord to attach to inner surface of dura
Provide stabilization
Arachnoid Mater
Separates pia from dura mater
Contains CSF fluid
Sends arachnoid trabeculae through subarachnoid space
Pia Mater
Two fused layers which enclose blood vessels that supply the spinal cord
Inner most layer of meninges
Lumbar Cisterna
Area from L2 to S2
CSF collected from this area
Cauda Equina
Spinal nerves distal to conus medullaris (L1-L2)
CSF
Mechanical and protective support for brain
Important for excitability
Epidural space
Between dura mater and periosteum of vertebrae
C2-C3 SCI
Rapidly fatal without intervention
C4 SCI
Respiratory difficulty
Paralysis of all 4 extremities
C5-C6 SCI
Involves limited arm control
C7-C8 SCI
Involves normal arm/limited hand
T1-T10 SCI
Causes paraplegia
T11 SCI
Walk with braces
Peripheral Nervous System
Nerve fibers and cell bodies outside CNS Sends afferent (sensory) info to brain and control movement using efferent (motor) info sent from brain
Somatic Nervous System
Motor - In ventral horn
Sensory - Dorsal root ganglia
Autonomic Nervous System
Visceral motor - modulates internal organ function
Sympathetic or parasympathetic
