Dermatology terms Flashcards
flat, circumscribed area that is a change in the color of the skin < 1cm
Macule (freckles, flat moles, petechiae, measles)
an elevated, firm, circumscribed area, <1cm
papule (wart, elevated moles, lichens planus)
a flat, nonpalpable, irregularly shaped macule >1cm
patch (vitiligo, port-wine stains, Mongolian spots, cafe au llait patch)
elevated, firm, and rough lesion with flat top surface >1cm
plaque (psoriasis, seborrheic, and actinic keratoses
elevated, irregular-shaped area of cutaneous edema, solid, transient, variable diameter
wheal (insect bites, urticaria, allergic reaction)
elevated, firm, circumscribed lesion; deeper in dermis than a papule: 1-2 cm in diameter
nodule (erythema nodosum, lipoma)
elevated and solid lesion; may or may not be clearly demarcated; deeper in dermis; >2cm
tumor (neoplasms, benign tumor, lipoma)
elevated, circumscribed, superficial, not into dermis; filled with serous fluid; less than 1 cm in diameter
vesicle (chicken pox, shingles)
Vesicle greater than 1cm
bulla (blister, pemphigus vulgaris)
elevated, superficial lesion, similar to a vesicle but filled with purulent fluid
pustule (impetigo, acne)
elevated, circumscribed, encapsulated lesion, in dermis or subcutaneous layer, filled with liquid or semisolid material
cyst (sebaceous cyst, cystic acne)
fine, irregular, red lines produced by capillary dilation
telangiectasia (rosacea)
heaped up keratinized cells, flaky skin, irregular, thick or thin, dry or oily, variation in size
scale: flaking of skin with seborrheic dermatitis or following a drug reaction; dry skin
rough thickened epidermis secondary to persistent rubbing, itching, or skin irritation often involves flexor surface of extremity
lichenification (chronic dermatitis)
irregularly shaped, elevated, progressively enlarging scar, grows beyond the boundaries of the wound, caused by excessive collagen formation during healing
keloid: keloid formation following surgery
thin to thick fibrous tissue that replaces normal skin following injury or laceration to the dermis
scar: healed wound or surgical incision
loss of the epidermis, linear hollowed out, crusted area
excoriation: abrasion or scratch, scabies
linear crack or break from the epidermis to the dermis, may be moist or dry
fissure: athlete’s foot, cracks at the corner of the mouth
loss of part of the epidermis to the dermis; depressed, moist, glistening; follows rupture of a vesicle or bulla
erosion: varicella, variola after rupture
loss of epidermis and dermis; concave; varies in size
ulcer: decubiti, stasis ulcer
dried serum, blood, or purulent exudates; slightly elevated; size varies; brown, red, black, tan, or straw-colored
crust: scab on abrasion, eczema
thinning of skin surface and loss of skin markings; skin translucent and paper-like
atrophy: striae; aged skin
lesion appears in one small area such as impetigo, herpes simplex, tinea corporis
localized
lesion appears in specific area of the body such as acne, herpes zoster, psoriasis
regional
lesions appear widely distributed or in numerous areas simultaneously such as urticaria, and disseminated drug eruptions
generalized
