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Dermatology > Dermatology - eczema > Flashcards

Dermatology - eczema Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What is eczema?

A

Irritated skin

Barrier dysfunction + inflammation

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2
Q

What is the other name for eczema?

A

Atopic dermatitis

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3
Q

What is the definition of eczema?

A

An itchy skin condition in the last 12 months
Plus 3 of the following:
Onset before age 2
History of flexural involvement
History of generally dry skin
History of other atopic disease
History in 1st degree relative if under 4yrs

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4
Q

What is the gene associated with eczema?

A

Filaggrin gene

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5
Q

What are other types of eczema?

A

Exogenous and endogenous

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6
Q

What are examples of exogenous eczema?

A

Contact dermatitis (irritant or allergic)
Lichen simplex
Photoallergic or photoagrevated eczema

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7
Q

What is discoid eczema?

A

Circular plaques of eczema

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8
Q

What is the pathology of eczema?

A

Spongiosis = intercellular oedema in epidermis
Acanthosis = thickening of epidermis
Inflammation

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9
Q

What are the clinical features of eczema?

A

Itch
Distribution: flexures, neck, eyelids, face, hands, feet
Acute changes: pruritus, erythema, scale, papules, vesicles, exudate, crusting, excoriation (picking)
Chronic changes: lichenification (thickened/leathery), plaques, fissuring

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10
Q

What type of reaction is allergic contact dermatitis?

A

Type 4 hypersensitivity reaction

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11
Q

What is skin injured by in irritant contact dermatitis?

A

Friction

Environmental factors

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12
Q

What is the investigation for contact dermatitis?

A

Patch testing

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13
Q

What is the yeast that is increased in seborrhoeic dermatitis?

A

Malassezia yeast

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14
Q

What is the treatment for seborrhoeic eczema?

A

Topical anti-yeast (ketoconazole)

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15
Q

What is pompholyx/vesicular eczema?

A

Palms and soles
Very itchy
More common under 40yrs

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16
Q

What is asteatotic eczema?

A 
Very dry skin
Cracked scaly appearance
Most commonly shins affected
Climate - heat
Excessive washing/soaps
17
Q

What is venous eczema?

A

Stasis eczema or varicose eczema
Happens with increased venous pressure and oedema
Ankle and lower leg

18
Q

What virus is eczema herpeticum associated with?

A

HSV 1 and 2

19
Q

What does eczema herpeticum look like?

A

Itchy clusters of blisters and erosions

20
Q

What is the treatment for eczema?

A

Emollients (moisturisers)
Soap substitutes
Intermittent topical steroids (hydrocortisone, betamethasone)
Sometimes antihistamines/antimicrobials
Calcineurin inhibitors (topical pimecrolimus and tacrolimus)
UV light
Immunosuppression
Patient education/avoid causative or exacerbating factors

Dermatology (9 decks)

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