Dermatology - canine Flashcards
What are 5 types of superficial bacterial pyoderma syndromes?
- bacterial overgrowth
- superficial bacterial pyoderma
- folliculitis
- acute moist dermatitis/pyotraumatic dermatitis
- recurrent bacterial pyoderma
four causes of folliculitis
bacteria
dermatophytes
demodex
infectious
what is the difference in treatments for a superficial vs deep bacterial pyoderma?
superficial - treat 1 week past resolution, topicals often preferred
deep - treat 2 weeks past resolution, systemic often preferred, culture highly recommended due to length of treatment
treatment for acute moist dermatitis/ pyotraumatic dermatitis “hot spots”
clip and clean
treat underlying cause and infection
what are 3 deep bacterial pyoderma syndromes
- mucocutaneous bacterial pyoderma
- deep bacterial pyoderma
- bacterial furunculosis
how can you differentiate mucocutaneous bacterial pyoderma from discoid lupus erythematous?
response to therapy (antimicrobial therapy vs steroid)
look the same on biopsy
what is due to an “exploded hair follicle” and who is commonly affected?
bacterial furunculosis
brachycephalic dogs
treatments for bacterial furunculosis
4-6 wk systemic abx
topical antimicrobial prevention
treat underlying cause
cyclosporine
most common bacteria found in canine bacterial pyoderma? how do you diagnose it?
staph pseudintermedius
cytology - impression, acetate, tape
what is a good antibiotic option for MRSP
clindamycin
alopecia around the neck, shoulders and lumbar is characteristic of what?
endocrine alopecia
top 4 differentials for alopecia occuring at the neck, shoulders, lumbar, sparing the head/feet
- hypothyroidism
- hyperadrenocorticism
- sex-hormone dermatosis
- flank alopecia
treatment for flank alopecia
melatonin
Alopecia X
* breeds?
* cause?
* diagnosis?
* treatment?
wooly breeds
follicular signaling problem associated with adrenal hormones
biopsy - flame follicles
nothing, can give melatonin
sebaceous adenitis
* breed?
* cause?
* hallmark sign?
* diagnosis?
* treatment?
poodles
immune mediated - targets sebaceous glands
follicular casting
biopsy - no sebaceous glands & trichogram
combination of topical (oil bath) + systemic (cyclosporine) most effective (response 3-4mo)
idiopathic footpad hyperkeratosis
treatment?
petrolatum
biobalm
keratolytic - propylene glycol, salicyclic acid
keratoplastic - dermoscent
if an old dog has severe liver disease + hyperketatotic lesions on multiple paws, perioral and periorbital, what would you suspect?
superficial necrolytic dermatitis
(cutaneous manifestation of liver cirrhosis)
superficial necrolytic dermatitis histopathological findings
parakeratotic hyperkeratosis
edema
epidermal hyperplasia
superficial necrolytic dermatitis
treatment
manage underlying disease
diet
IV amino acids weekly
control secondary infection
Symmetric lupoid onychodystrophy (SLO)
* cause?
* diagnosis?
* treatment?
* is dystrophy reversible?
idiopathic, immune mediate = all nails are dystrophic
amputate P3
pentoxifylline + omega 3 - slow, can be lifelong
NO - nails dystrophic forever
what is your other differential for Symmetric lupoid onychodystrophy (SLO)
vasculitis
- pentoxyfilline is the treatment for both!
Vitiligo
* cause?
* inflam or non-inflam?
* treatment?
depigmentation ONLY, melanocyte destruction
non-inflam
none, suncreen
Idiopathic Nasal Hypopigmentation
* breeds?
* characteristic?
* treatment?
retrievers, huskies “snow nose”
hypopigmented
none
OLD dog with a flat nose/loss of architecture, heavy scale, pruritis, crusts and depigmentation
epitheliotropic cutaneous T cell lymphoma
