Dermatology Flashcards
What is the least common type of skin cancer?
Malignant melanoma
Which type of skin cancer presents in different places in men and women, and where does each type present?
Malignant melanoma
Women: legs
Men: trunk
Which type of skin cancer is most likely to ooze?
Malignant melanoma
Recall the scoring system used by NICE to determine whether a pt gets 2-week-waited for a skin lesion
2 points for: asymmetry, colour irregularity and evolution of lesion in size
1 point for: diameter .7mm, inflammation, oozing and change in sensation
Score of 3+ –> 2 week wait
In which demographic is acral lentiginous melanoma most common?
Darker skin types
If a skin lesion has a ‘stuck-on’ appearance, what is it most likely to be?
Seborrhoeic wart
Which type of melanoma is most likely to appear on the face of the elderly?
Lentigo maligna
What is the most common subtype of melanoma?
Superficial spreading
How is melanoma definitively diagnosed?
Full thickness excisional biopsy
Which type of skin cancers are likely to metastasise and which are not?
Melanoma: may metastasise
Basal cell: probably won’t
What is the most common type of skin cancer?
Basal cell
Which type of skin cancer is likely to be described as having a “pearly edge”?
Basal cell carcinoma
Which types of skin cancer may have an ulcerated centre?
Basal cell, squamous cell
Which type of skin cancer may have surface telangiectasia?
Basal cell
What is the first line of management in suspected basal cell carcinoma?
Routine referral to dermatology - NOT 2 week wait
How do squamous cell carcinomas appear?
Keratotic (scaly and crusty)
Everted edges
May ulcerate
Should suspected squamous cell carcinomas be referred to derm on a 2 week wait or routinely?
2 week wait
Which type of skin cancer is most likely to appear at the nose?
Basal cell
Which virus causes molluscum contagiosum?
Pox
Which age group are most likely to get molluscum contagiosum?
1-4 year olds
Which benign skin disease are HIV+ patients particularly at risk of getting?
Molluscum contagiosum
How is the appearance of molluscum contagiosum lesions described?
Pearly white papules with central umbilication
What is erysipelas?
Distinct form of superficial cellulitis which is sharply demarcated
Describe the symptoms of erysipelas
As well as well-demarcated area of superficial cellulitis they will be systemically unwell with fever and rigors
Which type of cellulitis is a medical emergency?
Orbital
Describe the management of mild cellulitis
Draw around lesion If on leg, elevate Encourage oral fluids Analgesia Oral antibiotics (often fluclox)
Define necrotising fasciitis
Rapidly spreading infection of the deep fascia with secondary tissue necrosis
What sort of bacteria cause necrotising fasciitis?
Group A beta-haemolytic streptococcus
What is another name for eczema?
Dermatitis
Which type of dermatitis is a type I reaction and which type is type IV?
Type I - atopic dermatitis
Type IV - contact dermatitis
Describe the appearance of seborrhoeic dermatitis
Yellow, greasy scales on face and around eyebrows
What is eczema herpeticum?
HSV infection in eczema sufferer
Which typeof eczema is a medical emergency?
Eczema herpeticum
Recall the appropriate invetsigations for atopic eczema and contact dermatitis
Atopic: clinical diagnosis
Contact dermatitis: skin-patch testing
Define psoriasis
Chronic inflammatory skin disease due to hyperproliferation of keratinocytes
What is Auspitz sign?
Removal of a scale from a lesion causing bledding: positive in psoriasis
In which condition do you get telescoping fingers?
Psoriatic arthritis
Describe the appearance of chronic plaque psoriasis
Red patches with silver scales
Recall the management of erythema multiforme
None as it is usually self-limiting
What is the most common infective cause of erythema multiforme?
HSV
What sort of skin disease do neoplasms of the blood increase the risk of?
Erythema multiforme
Describe the appearance of erythema multiforme
Target lesions
Which drug is linked with causing erythema multiforme?
Penicillin
Define Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Severe skin disease of TWO mucosal sites
Describe the presentation of SJS
Systemically unwell and in shock (hypotension with tachycardia)
Lesions are targetoid
