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MCQ Review > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Layers of the epidermis

A

Corneum
Granulosum
Spinosum
Basalis

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2
Q

Type of hypersensitivity reaction in atopic dermatitis

A

Type I (asthma, allergic rhinitis)

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3
Q

Type of hypersensitivity reaction in contact dermatitis

A

Type IV

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4
Q

Pruritus, erythema, oozing, vesciles and edema, on the face and flexor surfaces; hx of asthma

A

Atopic dermatitis

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5
Q

Dermatitis associated with exposure to allergens

A

Contact dermatitis

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6
Q

Chronic inflammation of sebaceous glands and hair follicles due to hormone-related excess keratinization of hair shaft and excess sebum production

A

Acne Vulgaris

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7
Q

Most common etiologic agent of acne vulgaris

A

C. acnes

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8
Q

Treatment of acne vulgaris

A 
Topical Retinoid/Vit. A - reduces keratin production
Topical antibiotics (clindamycin, erythromycin, dapsone), benzoyl peroxide products
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9
Q

Well-circumscribed salmon colored plaques with silvery scale

A

psoriasis

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10
Q

common areas of psoriatic lesions

A

extensor surfaces and scalp, in areas of TRAUMA (environmental trigger)

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11
Q

Excessive keratinocyte proliferation of prob. autoimmune etiology

A

Psoriasis

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12
Q

Auspitz sign

A

Psoriasis (pinpoint bleed)

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13
Q

Monroe microabscesses

A

Psoriasis (collection of neutrophils)

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14
Q

Treatment of Psoriasis

A

Corticosteroids
Immune modulating therapy
UV light (with psoralen) - to damage proliferating keratinocytes

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15
Q

5Ps: pruritic, polygonal, papular, planar, purple

A

Lichen planus

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16
Q

common areas of lichen planus

A

wrist, elbows, ORAL MUCOSA

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17
Q

Wickham striae

A

Lichen planus (reticular white lines)

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18
Q

Inflammation of dermal-epidermal junction

A

Lichen planus

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19
Q

Sawtooth appearance of dermal-epidermal junction

A

Lichen planus

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20
Q

skin lesion Associated with chronic Hep C

A

Lichen planus

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21
Q

Autoimmune destruction of desmosomes (stratum spinosum) due to IgG antibodies agains desmoglein, leading to separation bet. basal cells and other cells of epidermis

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

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22
Q

Tombstone appearance

A

Pemphigus vulgaris (basal cells attached via hemidesmosomes)

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23
Q

Fishnet appearance on immunofluorescence

A

Pemphigus vulgaris - IF highlights IgG

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24
Q

IgG antibody against basement membrane and hemidesmosomes causes subepidermal blisters

A

Bullous pemphigoid

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25
Q

Differentiate Bullous pemphigois from pemphigus vulgaris

A

Both are blistering dermatoses - layers of skin are separated however

1) in PV separation is above basement membrane, in BP it separates the BM from the dermis
2) in PV oral mucosa is involved, in BP oral mucosa spared
3) in PV blisters rupture easily, form dried crust, in BP bullae do not rupture easily

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26
Q

Autoimmune IgA deposition on tips of dermal papillae, causing blistering

A

Dermatitis herpetiformis

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27
Q

Blistering dermatoses Associated with celiac disease; improves w gluten free diet

A

Dermatitis herpetiformis

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28
Q

Hypersensitivity reaction with targetoid rash and bullae

A

erythema multiforme

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29
Q

Type of hypersensitivity reaction assoc. with erythema multiforme

A

Type IV

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30
Q

Erythema Multiforme versus SJS versus TEN

A

erythema multiforme + oral mucosa involvement + fever = SJS
10% BSA SJS
TEN is severe form usually associated with ADR >30% BSA , + sloughing of skin

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31
Q

Benign squamous proliferation in elderly, “stuck on” appearance

A

seborrheic keratosis

32
Q

Contains pseudocysts - circular spaces w pink keratin

A

seborrheic keratosis

33
Q

Sudden onset of multiple seborrheic keratoses suggesting underlying GI carcinoma

A

Leser- Trelat sign

34
Q

Epidermal hyperplasia with darkening of skin, velvet-like

A

acanthosis nigricans

35
Q

common areas of acanthosis nigricans

A

groin, axilla

36
Q

epithelial lesion Associated with insulin resistance or gastric CA

A

acanthosis nigricans

37
Q

elevated nodule with central ulceration and telangectasis; + pearly edge

A

Basal cell CA

38
Q

Elevated nodule on upper lip and/or non exposed skin

A

Basal Cell CA

39
Q

Histology: peripheral palisading

A

Basal cell CA

40
Q

Autosomal recessive defect in enzymes for nucleotide excision and repair leading to buildup of pyrimidine dimers in response to sunlight

A

xeroderma pigmentosum

41
Q

Ulcerated nodular mass on face or lower lip

A

squamous cell carcinoma

42
Q

Precursor to squamous cell ca; hyperkeratotic scaly plaque on face, back or neck

A

actinic keratosis

43
Q

Well-differentiated Squamous cell CA; rapid development, spontaneous regression

A

keratoacanthoma

44
Q

Cup-shaped tumor filled with keratin debris

A

keratoacanthoma

45
Q

Autoimmune melanocyte destruction causing localized loss of skin pigmentation

A

vitiligo

46
Q

congenital lack of pigmentation

A

albinism

47
Q

Enzyme defect in albinism

A

tyrosinase -> impaired melanin production

48
Q

small tan brown macule that darkens with sunlight exposure due to increased number of melanosomes

A

freckle

49
Q

mask-like hyperpigmentation of cheeks associated with pregnancy and OCP

A

melasma

50
Q

benign melanocyte neoplasm, with hair growth

A

nevus

51
Q

Most common cause of death from skin cancer

A

melanoma

52
Q

Features of Melanoma

A

A - symmetry
B - orders are irregular
C - olor is not uniform
D - iameter >6mm

53
Q

Greatest risk factor for metastasis of melanoma

A

depth of invasion

54
Q

melanoma subtype with lentiginous proliferation along ED junction; only radial growth

A

lentigo maligna melanoma

55
Q

melanoma subtype involving superficial dermis; with dominant early radial phase

A

superficial spreading - most common subtype

56
Q

melanoma subtype with early vertical phase; poor prognosis

A

nodular

57
Q

melanoma subtype involving palms and soles, often in dark-skinned individuals

A

acral lentiginous

58
Q

Etiologic agents of impetigo

A

s. aureus, s. pyogenes

59
Q

erythematous macules, papules on face, with erosions, honey-colored crusts

A

impetigo

60
Q

skin infection involving dermis; red, tender, swollen; increased risk with recent surgery, trauma, insect bites

A

cellulitis

61
Q

Necrosis of subcutaneous tissue under dermis due to anaerobic bacteria

A

necrotizing fasciitis

62
Q

Anaerobic bacteria causes CO2 production under dermi creating “bubbles” (crepitus; subcutaneous emphysema)

A

necrotizing fasciitis

63
Q

Etiologic agent of SSSS

A

S. Aureus

64
Q

Exfoliative A and B toxins causes lysis of the skin and separation of layers, particularly the stratum granulosum; leads to skin loss

A

SSSS

65
Q

Differentiate SSSS and TEN

A

TEN separation occurs at dermal-epidermal junction

SSSS separation of granulosum

66
Q

Flesh-colored papiule with rough surface

A

Verruca

67
Q

Etiologic agent of Verruca

A

HPV

68
Q

Firm, pink umbilicated papule in children, as well as sexually active and immunocompromised adults due to pox virus

A

Molluscum Contagiosum

69
Q

Viral inclusions in molluscum contagiosum

A

molluscum bodies

70
Q

Skin lesions on pressure points of insensitive areas assoc. with diabetes, syphilis, leprosy, and other neuropathies

A

neuropathic ulcer

71
Q

cutaneous tanning caused by local application of heat

A

erythema ab igne

72
Q

Clusters of vesicular eruptions following CN V distribution

A

herpes zoster

73
Q

Painful, shallow ulcerated acute lesion, self limiting

A

herpes simplex

74
Q

Cafe au lait spots, pedunculated and sessile skin lesions, peripheral nerve distribution

A

neurofibromatosis type I Von Recklinghausen

75
Q

Diffusely painful subcutaneous fat deposition in middle aged women, around abdomen and thighs

A

adiposis dolorosa/ Dercum disease

76
Q

Treatment of recurrent paronychia

A

wedge resection

77
Q

treatment of pilonidal sinus

A

excision (kardyakis procedure with advancement flap)

MCQ Review (12 decks)

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