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MCQ Review > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Layers of the epidermis

A

Corneum
Granulosum
Spinosum
Basalis

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2
Q

Type of hypersensitivity reaction in atopic dermatitis

A

Type I (asthma, allergic rhinitis)

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3
Q

Type of hypersensitivity reaction in contact dermatitis

A

Type IV

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4
Q

Pruritus, erythema, oozing, vesciles and edema, on the face and flexor surfaces; hx of asthma

A

Atopic dermatitis

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5
Q

Dermatitis associated with exposure to allergens

A

Contact dermatitis

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6
Q

Chronic inflammation of sebaceous glands and hair follicles due to hormone-related excess keratinization of hair shaft and excess sebum production

A

Acne Vulgaris

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7
Q

Most common etiologic agent of acne vulgaris

A

C. acnes

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8
Q

Treatment of acne vulgaris

A 
Topical Retinoid/Vit. A - reduces keratin production
Topical antibiotics (clindamycin, erythromycin, dapsone), benzoyl peroxide products
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9
Q

Well-circumscribed salmon colored plaques with silvery scale

A

psoriasis

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10
Q

common areas of psoriatic lesions

A

extensor surfaces and scalp, in areas of TRAUMA (environmental trigger)

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11
Q

Excessive keratinocyte proliferation of prob. autoimmune etiology

A

Psoriasis

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12
Q

Auspitz sign

A

Psoriasis (pinpoint bleed)

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13
Q

Monroe microabscesses

A

Psoriasis (collection of neutrophils)

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14
Q

Treatment of Psoriasis

A

Corticosteroids
Immune modulating therapy
UV light (with psoralen) - to damage proliferating keratinocytes

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15
Q

5Ps: pruritic, polygonal, papular, planar, purple

A

Lichen planus

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16
Q

common areas of lichen planus

A

wrist, elbows, ORAL MUCOSA

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17
Q

Wickham striae

A

Lichen planus (reticular white lines)

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18
Q

Inflammation of dermal-epidermal junction

A

Lichen planus

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19
Q

Sawtooth appearance of dermal-epidermal junction

A

Lichen planus

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20
Q

skin lesion Associated with chronic Hep C

A

Lichen planus

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21
Q

Autoimmune destruction of desmosomes (stratum spinosum) due to IgG antibodies agains desmoglein, leading to separation bet. basal cells and other cells of epidermis

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

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22
Q

Tombstone appearance

A

Pemphigus vulgaris (basal cells attached via hemidesmosomes)

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23
Q

Fishnet appearance on immunofluorescence

A

Pemphigus vulgaris - IF highlights IgG

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24
Q

IgG antibody against basement membrane and hemidesmosomes causes subepidermal blisters

A

Bullous pemphigoid

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25
Differentiate Bullous pemphigois from pemphigus vulgaris
Both are blistering dermatoses - layers of skin are separated however 1) in PV separation is above basement membrane, in BP it separates the BM from the dermis 2) in PV oral mucosa is involved, in BP oral mucosa spared 3) in PV blisters rupture easily, form dried crust, in BP bullae do not rupture easily
26
Autoimmune IgA deposition on tips of dermal papillae, causing blistering
Dermatitis herpetiformis
27
Blistering dermatoses Associated with celiac disease; improves w gluten free diet
Dermatitis herpetiformis
28
Hypersensitivity reaction with targetoid rash and bullae
erythema multiforme
29
Type of hypersensitivity reaction assoc. with erythema multiforme
Type IV
30
Erythema Multiforme versus SJS versus TEN
erythema multiforme + oral mucosa involvement + fever = SJS 10% BSA SJS TEN is severe form usually associated with ADR >30% BSA , + sloughing of skin
31
Benign squamous proliferation in elderly, "stuck on" appearance
seborrheic keratosis
32
Contains pseudocysts - circular spaces w pink keratin
seborrheic keratosis
33
Sudden onset of multiple seborrheic keratoses suggesting underlying GI carcinoma
Leser- Trelat sign
34
Epidermal hyperplasia with darkening of skin, velvet-like
acanthosis nigricans
35
common areas of acanthosis nigricans
groin, axilla
36
epithelial lesion Associated with insulin resistance or gastric CA
acanthosis nigricans
37
elevated nodule with central ulceration and telangectasis; + pearly edge
Basal cell CA
38
Elevated nodule on upper lip and/or non exposed skin
Basal Cell CA
39
Histology: peripheral palisading
Basal cell CA
40
Autosomal recessive defect in enzymes for nucleotide excision and repair leading to buildup of pyrimidine dimers in response to sunlight
xeroderma pigmentosum
41
Ulcerated nodular mass on face or lower lip
squamous cell carcinoma
42
Precursor to squamous cell ca; hyperkeratotic scaly plaque on face, back or neck
actinic keratosis
43
Well-differentiated Squamous cell CA; rapid development, spontaneous regression
keratoacanthoma
44
Cup-shaped tumor filled with keratin debris
keratoacanthoma
45
Autoimmune melanocyte destruction causing localized loss of skin pigmentation
vitiligo
46
congenital lack of pigmentation
albinism
47
Enzyme defect in albinism
tyrosinase -> impaired melanin production
48
small tan brown macule that darkens with sunlight exposure due to increased number of melanosomes
freckle
49
mask-like hyperpigmentation of cheeks associated with pregnancy and OCP
melasma
50
benign melanocyte neoplasm, with hair growth
nevus
51
Most common cause of death from skin cancer
melanoma
52
Features of Melanoma
A - symmetry B - orders are irregular C - olor is not uniform D - iameter >6mm
53
Greatest risk factor for metastasis of melanoma
depth of invasion
54
melanoma subtype with lentiginous proliferation along ED junction; only radial growth
lentigo maligna melanoma
55
melanoma subtype involving superficial dermis; with dominant early radial phase
superficial spreading - most common subtype
56
melanoma subtype with early vertical phase; poor prognosis
nodular
57
melanoma subtype involving palms and soles, often in dark-skinned individuals
acral lentiginous
58
Etiologic agents of impetigo
s. aureus, s. pyogenes
59
erythematous macules, papules on face, with erosions, honey-colored crusts
impetigo
60
skin infection involving dermis; red, tender, swollen; increased risk with recent surgery, trauma, insect bites
cellulitis
61
Necrosis of subcutaneous tissue under dermis due to anaerobic bacteria
necrotizing fasciitis
62
Anaerobic bacteria causes CO2 production under dermi creating "bubbles" (crepitus; subcutaneous emphysema)
necrotizing fasciitis
63
Etiologic agent of SSSS
S. Aureus
64
Exfoliative A and B toxins causes lysis of the skin and separation of layers, particularly the stratum granulosum; leads to skin loss
SSSS
65
Differentiate SSSS and TEN
TEN separation occurs at dermal-epidermal junction | SSSS separation of granulosum
66
Flesh-colored papiule with rough surface
Verruca
67
Etiologic agent of Verruca
HPV
68
Firm, pink umbilicated papule in children, as well as sexually active and immunocompromised adults due to pox virus
Molluscum Contagiosum
69
Viral inclusions in molluscum contagiosum
molluscum bodies
70
Skin lesions on pressure points of insensitive areas assoc. with diabetes, syphilis, leprosy, and other neuropathies
neuropathic ulcer
71
cutaneous tanning caused by local application of heat
erythema ab igne
72
Clusters of vesicular eruptions following CN V distribution
herpes zoster
73
Painful, shallow ulcerated acute lesion, self limiting
herpes simplex
74
Cafe au lait spots, pedunculated and sessile skin lesions, peripheral nerve distribution
neurofibromatosis type I Von Recklinghausen
75
Diffusely painful subcutaneous fat deposition in middle aged women, around abdomen and thighs
adiposis dolorosa/ Dercum disease
76
Treatment of recurrent paronychia
wedge resection
77
treatment of pilonidal sinus
excision (kardyakis procedure with advancement flap)

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