Dermatology Flashcards
rubbing a lesion causes urticarial flare
Darier sign
documents photoallergy
photopatch test
oval-shaped nevoid plaque, skin colored or pigmented on trunk or back and associated with tuberous sclerosis
shagreen skin
extravasated blood aka ? does not blanch
purpura
solid palpable lesions >5 mm in diameter
nodule
flat non palpable lesion <10mm in diameter
macule
hard, rough surface formed by dried sebum, exudate, blood, or necrotic skin
crust
heaped up piles of horny epithelium with a dry appearance
scale
defect of EPIdermis, heals w/out a scar
erosion
defect that extends into dermis or deeper, heals with a scar
ulcer
swolen and softened by an increase in water content
macerated
irregular, rough, and convoluted surfaces
verrucous
eczema and dermatitis used interchangeably
endogenous?
exogenous?
eczema
dermatitis
tx includes wet dressings with burrow’s solution, topical c/s
contact derm
MC org from secondary infx from atopic derm?
S aureus
pruritic inflam d/o that typically occurs in fall, winter; coin shaped plaques
nummular dermatitis
occurs where sebaceous glands most active i.e. body folds, face, scalp, genitalia
seborrheic dermatitis
seb deem seen in what conditions?
parkinsonism, HIV
young women, hx of prior topical steroid use, spares vermillion border? tx?
perioral dermatitis; topical metro or erythro; oral mino/doxy/tetra
well-circumscribed plaques, highly pruritus, itch-scratch lesions, solid firms plaques? aka?
lichen simplex chronicus; neurodermatitis
cause of PR?
HHV7
rash begins on trunk as round or oval, salmon-colored slightly raised maculopapular rash; may have upper-URI prodrome
PR
molluscum contagiosum (MC) caused by?
poxvirus
MC commonly in ?, transmitted?
genitals, lower abdomen; sexually
lichen planus
6 Ps?
flat topped shiny violaceous papules
white lines on surface aka?
pruritic, purple, planar, polygonal, papules, plaques
lichen planus associated with what dz?
hepatitis C- screen!!
eruptions follow stress in hot, humid weather; pruritis is common? small vesicles in clusters- ? appearance
dyshidrotic eczematous dermatitis (dyshidrosis); tapioca-like appearance
MC type of psoriasis?
appears after strep?
life threatening- lakes of pus, fever, malaise, and leukocytosis?
vulgaris
guttate
pustular
psoriasis tx
- mild?
- moderate?
- serious?
- recalcitrant?
topical c/s and topical vitamin D
tazarotene gel (topical retinoid)
UVB photoTx, PUVA, MTX
cyclosporine (recurrence common)
pemphigus vulgaris
- more common in ? or ?
- sign?
jewish or mediterranean; occurs in middle-aged adults
Nikolsky’s sign (also in SJS/TEN)
signs in psoriasis?
auspitz, koebner phenomenon
pemphigus vulgaris
- immunofluorescence?
- Tx?
- shows immunoglobulin G
- pred and immunosuppressants
bullous pemphigoid
- Nikolsky’s sign?
- tx?
- negative (positive in pemph vulgaris)
- systemic pred, can add immunosuppresant i.e. azathioprine
infalmmatory follicular, papular, and pustular eruption involving the pilosebaceous apparatus?
acne
hallmark lesion are comedones
acne
sinus tracts occur with ? acne
nodular
razor bumps aka?
pseudofolliculitis barbae
folliculitis
- tx?
- pseudomonal?
- cleansing, mild compresses, topical clinda/erythro or mupirocin ointment
- self-limiting
presents with fever, photophobia, sore throat, mucosal inflammation, and sore mouth; MC from drugs?
tx?
SJS/TEN
remove offending agent, fluids, fix electrolyte abnormalities; c/s & a/b are controversial
- dz of apocrine glands? (axilla, anogenital, scalp)
- tx?
- hidradenitis suppurativa; common in females b/w puberty and menopause; obesity
- a/b, I&D, remove sinus tracts, intralesional traimcinolone
red, hard, tender lesions in hair bearing areas of head, neck or body?
tx?
furuncles, carbuncles
warm/moist compresses, I&D, a/b
acute spreading inflammation of dermis and sQ?
tx?
cellulitis
dicloxacillin or ceph; PCN allergy- erythro
collection of purulent material in a cavity formed by necrosis or disintegration of tissue?
tx?
abscess
warm soaks 20min QID; oral ab i.e. dicloxacillin, ceph, or erythro if fever or cellulitis
MC dermatophyte in industrialized world?
trichophyton rubrum
broken hair shafts are seen as black dots?
tinea capitis
indurated, boggy, inflammatory plaque studded with pustules
kerion (intense inflammatory reaction to superficial dermatophytes)
malassezia furfur?
tx?
tinea versicolor
selenium sulfide shampoo, oral keto
scabies secondary infx?
group A strep
spiders that cause neurologic overstimulation?
black widows; red hourglass on bite
spider with halo of very tender inflammation and hemorrhage? necrosis of tissue
brown recluse
opalescent found on hair shafts, hatch in about 1 week?
tx?
nits/pediculosis
permethrin, pyrethrins, malathion; petroleum jelly will suffocate lice
resemble tiny heads of cauliflower
warts
HPV confirmed with ?
immunofluorescence
anogenital warts Tx?
trichloroacetic acid or topical podophyllin
generalized thickening of the horny layer of the epidermis
keratoderma
keratoderma in palms and soles; common in AA, develop central plugs
punctate keratoderma
bright red raspberry like nodules usually on exposed parts of body?
tx?
capillary hemangioma (pyogenic granulomas) ED&C
MC melanoma?
prognosis related to?
superficial spreading malignant melanoma
depth of lesion (Breslow depth)
painful, pulses are diminished or absent, cold distal area, MC on lateral maleolus?
arterial ulcers (venous MC on medial malleolus, diabetics MC on heel or foot)
MC location for decubitus ulcers?
sacrum, hip
standard Tx of arterial and diabetic ulcers?
wet to dry dressings or hydrogels
wounds should be cleansed well, irrigated, and closed unless?
more than 8 hrs old or present with signs of infx
subcutaneous infection of the pulp space
felon
systemic dz may cause ? in nail
Beau’s lines (transverse furrows); also atrophy, clubbed fingers, spoon nails, stippling or pitting, hyperpigmentation
associated with thyroid dz, pernicious anemia, DM, addison dz, idiopathic? destruction of melanocytes
vitiligo
small blood vessels leak resulting in intradermal edema?
urticaria (hives or wheals seen)
in chronic urticaria (>6 weeks), ? can be added to the ? regimen; may require ?
H2 antihistamine, H1 antihistamine; steroids
