Dermatology

Question 1

Primary skin lesion defined

Answer 1

from a disease process and has not been manipulated by outside tx.
vesicle

Question 2

Secondary skin lesion defined

Answer 2

lesions altered by outside manipulation or tx

crust: occurs when vesicle ruptures

Question 3

Macule defined

Answer 3

flat

nonpalpable

Question 4

Papule defined

Answer 4

solid elevation
< 1 cm
raised nervus

Question 5

Vesicle defined

Answer 5

fluid filled
< 1cm
varicella
herpatic lesion

Question 6

Pustule defined

Answer 6

vesicle-like lesion with purulent drainage
< 1 cm
impetigo

Question 7

Patch defined

Answer 7

flat
nonpalpable
> 1cm
vitiligo

Question 8

Plaque defined

Answer 8

raised
same or different color of skin
> 1cm
psoriasis vulgaris

Question 9

Bulla defined

Answer 9

fluid filled
> 1 cm
2 degree burn, necrotizing facitis

Question 10

Cyst defined

Answer 10

raised
encapsulated
fluid-filled
any size
intradermal cyst

Question 11

Wheal defined

Answer 11

circumscribed area of skin edema
any size
hive

Question 12

Purpura defined

Answer 12

flat
red-purple discoloration caused by RBCs lodged in skin
if < 1cm called petechiae

Question 13

Auspits sign

Answer 13

pinpoint bleeding when scale removed

Question 14

Excoriation defined

Answer 14

secondary lesion
linear
raised
covered in crusts
any size
scratch marks

Question 15

Crust defined

Answer 15

secondary lesion
raised lesion produced by dried serum or blood
any size
scab

Question 16

Lichenification defined

Answer 16

secondary lesion
skin thickening found of pruitic areas
any size
callus

Question 17

Scales defined

Answer 17

secondary lesion
raised superficial lesions that flake with ease
any size
dandruff

Question 18

Erosion defined

Answer 18

secondary lesion
loss of epidermis
> 1cm
open bulla or vessicle

Question 19

Ulcer defined

Answer 19

secondary lesion
loss of epidermis and dermis
> 1 cm
chancre

Question 20

Fissure defined

Answer 20

secondary lesion
narrow linear crack into epidermis exposing the dermis
> 1 cm
athletes foot

Question 21

Annular distribution

Answer 21

in a ring
limes desease
erythemia migranes

Question 22

Scattered distribution

Answer 22

generalized over body without pattern
maculopapular rash
rubella (German measles)

Question 23

Confluent or coalescent distribution

Answer 23

multiple lesions blending together

Question 24

Clustered distribution

Answer 24

occurring in group without a pattern

drug induced rash (lithium, iodine, phenytoin)

Question 25

Linear distribution

Answer 25

in streaks | contact derm from poison ivy/oak

Question 26

Reticular distribution

Answer 26

``` net-like cluster erythema infectiosum (5ths disease) ```

Question 27

Dermatomal or zosteriform distribution

Answer 27

limited to boundaries of a single or multiple dermatomes shingles herpes zoster

Question 28

Varicella =

Answer 28

chickenpox

Question 29

Zoster =

Answer 29

shingles

Question 30

Varicella facts

Answer 30

peas age 9-11 if not immunized vaccine at 1 yr 2-3 mm vesicles on trunk first can get bacterial infection due to scratching varivax (shot) proves 80% immunity with 1 dose and 99% after 2nd dose

Question 31

Zoster facts

Answer 31

``` those > 50 slowly resolves with crusting postherpetic neuralgia possible eye involvement zostervax ```

Question 32

Tx postherpetic neuralgia

Answer 32

tricyclic antidepressant | gabapentin

Question 33

Actinic keratoses description

Answer 33

``` most common precancerous lesion could be early stage squamous cell sun exposed areas red or brown scaly can be skin colored ```

Question 34

Tx of actinic keratoses

Answer 34

``` can remain unchanged spont. resolve progress to squamous cell cryosurgery topical 5 fluorouracil diclofenac gel aminolevulinic acid ```

Question 35

Basal cell carcinoma

Answer 35

``` more common sun exposed arise de novo (pop up) papule pearly or waxy look telangiectasia low risk of metastasis ```

Question 36

Squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 36

less common sun exposed can arise from actinic keratoses or just pop up red, hard lesion less distinct borders metastatic risk ( greatest on lip, mouth, genitalia)

Question 37

ABCDE to describe malignant melanoma

Answer 37

``` asymmetric irregular borders color not uniform diameter > 6mm evolving new lesion or change in longstanding lesion can be elevated ```

Question 38

Tx for psoriasis vulgaris

Answer 38

Vit D cream | makes it moist

Question 39

Tx for Herpes zoster/varicella

Answer 39

Oral valacyclovir

Question 40

Tx for scabies

Answer 40

Permethrin loation put on for 6-8 hrs from neck down take antihistamine or vistaril for itch

Question 41

Tx for verruca vulgaris

Answer 41

imiquimod cream

Question 42

Tx for tinea pedis

Answer 42

topical ketoconazole

Question 43

Tx for rosacea

Answer 43

topical metronidazole

Question 44

Tx for keratosis pilaris

Answer 44

Ammonium lactate lotion

Question 45

most likely to occur over waistband

Answer 45

scabies

Question 46

usually precede by herald patch on trunk

Answer 46

pityriasis rosea | goes away on its own

Question 47

acanthosis nigricans described

Answer 47

hyperpigmented plaques on neck, axilla and groin | common with hyperinsulinemia/DM

Question 48

Tx for MRSA

Answer 48

Trimethoprim-sulfamethozazole (Bactrim) | Doxy

Question 49

sun exposure in babies < 6 months

Answer 49

avoid | where long cool clothing

Question 50

sun exposure in children > 6 month

Answer 50

``` cover up in best line of defense hat sunglasses peak sun 10am - 4pm sunscreen every 2 hours ```