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3a Child Health > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

What is eczema?

A

Chronic inflammatory skin condition with dry, scaly and itchy red skin often on face and scalp

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2
Q

Name some eczema triggers

A

Soaps, detergents, synthetic fabrics, perfumes, pets, pollens, stress, diet

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3
Q

Where is eczema typical in infants?

A

Flexures, face and scalp

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4
Q

What is a topical cream for eczema?

A

Hydrocortisone

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5
Q

Name 2 complications of eczema

A

Bacterial infection with staph aureus
HSV

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6
Q

What is the atopic march?

A

Children with eczema will develop hay fever or asthma in the future (1/3 of them)

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7
Q

What is Stevens Johnson Sydnrome?

A

A disproportional immune response results in blistering and shedding of the top layer of skin

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8
Q

What can cause Stevens Johnson Syndrome?

A

Anti-epileptics, antibiotics, allopurinol, NSAIDs, HSV, CMV, HIV

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9
Q

What are the symptoms of Stevens Johnson Syndrome?

A

Non-specific fever, cough, sore throat, sore mouth and eyes, itchy skin
Develops to a purple or red rash that spreads across the skin and blisters
Skin starts to break away and shed to leave raw skin

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10
Q

Name 3 complications of Stevens Johnson Syndrome

A

Secondary infection - cellulitis and sepsis
Permanent skin damage
Visual complications - blindness

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11
Q

What is allergic rhinitis?

A

IgE mediated type I hypersensitivity reaction

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12
Q

What is the presentation of allergic rhinitis?

A

Runny, blocked and itchy nose
Sneezing
Itchy, red and swollen eyes

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13
Q

Name a non-sedating antihistamine

A

Fexofenadine

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14
Q

Name a sedating antihistamine

A

Chlorphenamine (Piriton)

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15
Q

What is the presentation of anaphylaxis?

A

Urticaria, itching, angio-oedema with lip and eye swelling, SOB, abdominal pain, wheeze, tachycardia, collapse

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16
Q

What is the treatment for anaphylaxis?

A

IM adrenaline 500mcg

17
Q

What is measured after anaphylaxis?

A

serum mast cell tryptase

18
Q

What is a hemangioma?

A

A strawberry or deep birth mark

19
Q

What is a salmon patch?

A

Harmless clusters of blood vessels

20
Q

What is a stork bite?

A

A salmon patch on the back of the neck

21
Q

What is a port wine stain?

A

A birth mark that can be red or pink and can darken with age
Treat with pulse dye laser

22
Q

What are cafe au lait spots?

A

Form when skin cells produce excess melanin
6 or more may be linked to neurofibromatosis type I

23
Q

What is psoriasis?

A

Immune mediated T cell disorder with scaly plaques classically on elbows, knees and scalp

24
Q

What is guttate psoriasis?

A

Often triggered by strep throat infection - raised papules on trunk and limbs when turn to plaques

25
Q

What is Pityriasis Rosea?

A

Caused likely secondary to reaction to viral infection
Or herpes virus

26
Q

What is the presentation of pityriasis rosea?

A

A herald patch and then a christmas tree distribution

27
Q

What is erysipelas?

A

Superficial skin infection

28
Q

What is cellulitis?

A

Deeper subcutaneous tissue infection

29
Q

What can be given as acne treatment?

A

Topical retinoids,
Topical benzoyl peroxide
Oral retinoids
Topical antibiotics

30
Q

How does Roaccutane work?

A

Reduces production of sebum, reduces inflammation and bacterial growth

31
Q

Give some side effects of roaccutanne

A

Teratogenic, headaches, dry skin and lips, photosensitivity, suicidal ideation

32
Q

What is the treatment for scabies?

A

Oral Ivermectin

33
Q

Give 2 features of mild eczema

A

Dry skin, infrequent itching and there may be redness

34
Q

Give 2 features of moderate eczema

A

Dry skin, frequent itching, redness

35
Q

Give 3 features of severe eczema

A

Continuous itching, lichenification, systemic symptoms, redness and widespread areas of dry skin

3a Child Health (14 decks)

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