Dermatology Flashcards
1
Q
A lesion type that changes over time
A
Secondary Skin Lesion
2
Q
Definition: Visible accumulation of purulent fluid under skin
A
Pustule
3
Q
Definition: Accumulation of serous fluid under the skin
A
Vesicle
4
Q
Definition: Elevation of Skin
A
Plaque
5
Q
Definition: A flat discolorated area of the skin that may have a different texture as well
A
Macule
6
Q
Definition: A Macule that is > 1cm
A
Patch
7
Q
Definition: A solid, small elevated lesion
A
Papule
8
Q
Definition: “Blister” Elevation on epidermis filled with fluid
A
Bulla
9
Q
Definition: A closed cavity or sac that contains fluid or semisolid material
A
Cyst
10
Q
Definition: Elevated compressible papule or plaque with a red flare surrounding it
A
Wheal
11
Q
Definition: Localized collection of disintegrated or necrotic tissue that may be purulent fluid
A
Abcess
12
Q
Definition: A Firm or soft Mass
A
Tumor
13
Q
Definition: Solid Mass of skin elevated or palpated
A
Nodule
14
Q
Pattern: Twisted Coiled Spiral, Snake like
A
Gyrate; Scabies
15
Q
Pattern: Lesions with concentric rings of color
A
Target; Lyme disease
16
Q
Pattern: Linear arrangement along nerve route
A
Zosteriform; Herpes
17
Q
Pattern: Scratch, streak, line, stripe
A
Linear; Contact dermatitis, scratching
18
Q
Pattern: Cluster Lesion
A
Grouped; Herpes
19
Q
Pattern: Lesions that run together
A
Confluent; Measles Uticaria
20
Q
Pattern: Circular, begins in center and spreads periphery
A
Annular
21
Q
Closed vs Open comedones Acne
A
Open: Whitehead; Closed: Blackhead
22
Q
Comedolytic Agents for Acne
A
Benzoyl Peroxide, Salicylic Acid, Azelaic Acids, Tretinoin A, Adapalene, and Tazarotene (Pregnancy Category X)
23
Q
Topical Atbx for Acne
A
1 Clindamycin, Erythromycin, Tetracycline, Metronidazole (Rosacea)
24
Q
Oral Atbx for Acne
A
1 Tetracycline (Contraindicated pregnancy <9yrs), Erythromycin, Minocycline, Doxycycline, Clindamycin
25
Severe Unresponsive Acne Oral Atbx
Isotretinoin
26
What is the most frequently used topical abx for acne?
Clindamycin
27
What is the most frequently used oral abx for acne?
Tetracycline
28
What is the contraindication for tetracycline?
pregnancy and children <9
29
Best Regimen for Oral Contraceptive for Acne
combination therapy (including oral contraceptives); May cause browning
30
Oral contraceptives for acne
ortho tri-cyc;om. estrostep, yaz, beyaz
31
Inflammation of Hair Follicle
Folliculitis
32
Most common Bacteria Folliculitis, Carbuncle, Furuncle
Staph.
33
Txmt for Furuncle & Carbuncle
Warm Compress, MUPIROCIN; Mod Cases Dicloxacillin or Cephalexin
34
Txmt for Cellulitis
Dicloxacillin or Cephalexin, Allergic PCN: Clindamycin or Macrolide
35
Txtmt for Folliculitis
Antibacterial soap and cleanser, warm compress, Topical Atbx (Clindamycin or Mupirocin). Oral (Cephalexin, Dicloxacillin, Doxycycline, Minocycline)
36
Rapid Progression of erythematous, warm indurated area: Cause & Treatment
Streptococcus; PCN. If allergic Cefalexin or erythromycin
37
Thin-walled vesicle that breaks easily. HONEY-COLORED CRUST at the edge. "Satelite lesion"
Impetigo
38
Txmt for Impetigo
Topical: Mupirocin or Ointment Bactroban or Centany and retapamulin (Altabax); Widespread PO Dicloxacillin, Cephalexin or Clindamycin
39
Abcess formation commonly in groin and Axilla
Hidradenitis Supperativa
40
Txment for Hidradenitis Supperativa
Lifestyle (Wt. loss, Cease smoke, Hygiene), Topical Atbx: Aminoglycoside (Clindamycin, Gentamicin, Erythromycin), Severe Atbx (Tetracycline, Doxycycline, Minocycline, Clindamycin, Bactrim, Erythromycin + Metronidazole)
41
Infection of the nail fold
Paronychia
42
Txtmt of Paronychia
Warm soak 3-4/day. Severe: augmentin, Clindamycin or Cephalexin
43
Blunt sharp trauma to fingers or toes that has a collection of blood
Txmt?
Subungual Hematoma; Trepination
44
Name that Fungal infection of the penile head; Txmt
Candida Balanitis; Miconazole, Clotrimazole, Steroid, Fluconazole
45
Name that Fungal infection of the folds; Txmt
Candida Intertrigo; Talc or cornstarch, Topical Atbx Ciclopirox, Oral Atbx Fluconazole or itraconazole
46
Name that Fungal infection of the scalp; Txmt
Most Common Fungus
Tinea Capitis caused by Trichophyton (80%); Selenium shampoo, Griseofulvin, Oral terbinafine, itraconazole or fluconazole
47
Another name for Jock itch; Txmt
Tinea Cruris; Topical or oral antifungal
48
Another name for ringworm; Txmt
Tinea Corporis; Topical (Miconazole, Clotrimazole, Naftifine, Econazole); Severe (Ketoconazole)
49
Name that fungal infection that affects nails; Txmt
Tinea Unguium (Onychomycosis); Oral Antifungal (Itraconazole, Terbinafine
50
Definition: Hypo/Hyperpigmentation macules on limb; Cause of Skin condition and Txmt
Tinea Versicolor for Pityrosporum orbiculare (Malassazia furfur); Topical selenium sulfide, Antifungal: Miconazole, Ciclopirox, Clotrimazole
51
Txmt for Herpes Zoster; Txmt for Neuralgia
Acyclovir, Famciclovir, Valacyclovir
Gabapentin (Neurontin), Pregabalin (Lyrica)
52
What age to administer Herpes Vaccine, Type, Frequency
Shingrix x2 (2-6 mnth apart) at age 50
53
Small patches on the sun-exposed body area that is rough, flesh-colored, pink, or hyperpigmented
Actinic Keratosis
54
Cancer type that arises from Actinic Keratosis
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
55
Acronym for Skin assessment; Identity A, B, C, D, E, E
Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variation, Diameter > 6mm
Elevation, Enlargement
56
A slow-growing lesion that is waxy, pearly appearance type that has a central depression or rolled edge; what is a telangiectatic vessel?
Basal Cell Carcinoma; Spider veins
57
Scaly firm, irregular papule or nodule that develops over a few months that bleeds; Common area to find skin condition?
Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Sun exposed skin on fair skin people
58
Benign growth or lesions that are black, brown, or black plaques
Painful vs Nonpainful?
Seborrheic Keratoses
59
Yellow plaques under the skin or on the inner canthus;
Xanthelasma
60
Eczema vs Psoriasis: Acute Flare ups
Eczema
61
Eczema vs Psoriasis: Dry leathery lichenification
Eczema
62
Eczema vs Psoriasis: Auspitz Sign; Please define.
Psoriasis; Droplets of blood when scales removed
63
Eczema vs Psoriasis: Itchy red defined plaques with silvery scales
Psoriasis
64
Eczema vs Psoriasis: Inflammed scabbed lesions that are red shiny or thickened patches
Eczema
65
Eczema vs Psoriasis: Treatment includes UVB light exposure
Psoriasis
66
Topical treatment for psoriasis in the scalp
Salicylic acid shampoo, Tar
67
Topical Steroid for Psoriasis
Btamethasone
68
Sharp-defined border with Redness, pruritis, and scabbing
Allergic Contact dermatitis
69
Benign hyperproliferative inflammation of the skin
Psoriasis
70
Herald Patch that follows a Christmas tree pattern
Pityriasis Rosea
71
Txmt for Pityriasis Rosea
Oral antihistamine, Topical antipruritic, cold compress, Topical steroid, UVB lights, Oral erythromycin
71
Txmt for Pityriasis Rosea
Oral antihistamine, Topical antipruritic, cold compress, Topical steroid, UVB lights, Oral erythromycin
72
Differential for Pityriasis Rosea. Define three differences
Syphilis - Non-pruritic, Palmar or plantar surface, Few and Perfect
Pityriasis Rosea - Pruritic, Trunk or proximal extremity, Christmas tree
73
Transmitting a tick-borne pathogen takes how many hours to transmit.
>24 hrs
74
Bacterial species that transmit Lyme disease
Borrelia Burgdorferi
75
Bacterial species that transmit Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Rickettsiea Rikettsii
76
Trmt for Lyme disease
#1 Doxycycline then Amoxicillin
77
Trmt for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Adults only: Doxycycline (Stains teeth)
Peds only: Amoxicillin
78
Lyme vs Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever: Bull's eye
Lyme disease
79
Lyme vs Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever: Petechial Rash, Abdominal and Joint pain
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
80
Confirmatory Test for Lyme disease
Western Blot, but start with ELISA
81
Standard for Rocky Mountain spotted fever test
Indirect immunofluorescence assay, but also order PCR and Immunohistochemical staining
82
Flat, red, spot lesions that turn into a small blister-filled clear fluid than turn into a pus
Small Pox
83
Purplish flat bumps on the wrist, lower back, ankles, genitals, scalp and nails
Painful sores in the mouth or genitals
Lichen Planus
84
Primary way of diagnosing Small pox
First lesion: Mucosa/palate, face or forearm
Centrifugal distribution (Face and distal extremity)
Lesions are in the same stage
Scabs to deep pitted scars
85
Lichen Planus is associated with another disorder
Hepatitis C
86
Mgmt Anthrax
Vaccine (Risk Prone individuals)
Atbx (PCN, Cipro, Doxycycline)
Report Health department and Isolate
87
Fulminant phase of Anthrax
Fever, Diaphoresis, Septic Shock
88
Prodromal phase of Anthrax
Vague flu-like symptoms fever, dyspnea, malaise, Myalgia
89
Pruritic papule -> Ulcers -> Necrotic central eschar with edema -> Eschar dry loosens, separates to permanent scar
Anthrax
90
Anal/Genital wart
Condyloma acuminata
91
Txmt for Condyloma acuminata
Imiquimod, Podofilox, Cryosurgery, Trichloroacetic acid or bichloracetic acid
