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COMAT - Family Med > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

What fungus causes Tinea Versicolor? What environmental condition causes increased growth of it?

A

Malessezia Globosa
– Grows more in the heat

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2
Q

How will the rash look with Tinea Versicolor?

A

Salmon patches that are Hypo OR Hyperpigmented

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3
Q

Where does the rash usually present with Tinea Versicolor and what does it look like?

A

Trunk and UE
= Salmon patches that are Hypo or Hyperpigmented

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4
Q

What will be seen on _____ with Tinea Versicolor?

A

KOH Prep
= Spaghetti and meatballs (hyphae and yeast)

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5
Q

What is the treatment for Tinea Versicolor?

A

Selenium Sulfide or Ketoconazole

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6
Q

5 P’s of Lichen Planus?

A

Pruritic
Purple/Pink
Polygonal
Papules
Plaques

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7
Q

5 P’s of Lichen Planus and what other markings may be present?

A

Pruritic
Purple/Pink
Polygonal
Papules
Plaques
– May see white lacy markings (wickham striae)

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8
Q

What 2 things is the development of Lichen Planus associated with and what is the treatment?

A

Hepatitis C and BP medications
–> Glucocorticoids

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9
Q

With what disease is Dermatitis Herpetiformis associated?

A

Celiac Disease

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10
Q

How does Dermatitis Herpetiformis present?

A

Vesicles/bullae on EXTENSOR surfaces

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11
Q

Describe how Pityriasis Rosea presents?

A
  • Viral illness
  • 1 large red lesion on trunk
  • Outward spread of macules in christmas tree fashion
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12
Q

Describe how Pityriasis Rosea presents?

A
  • Viral illness
  • 1 large red lesion on trunk
  • Outward spread of macules in christmas tress fashion
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13
Q

How does Erythema Nodosum present?

A

Tender and indurated nodules on the anterior shins

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14
Q

Where does Erythema Nodosum present?

A

Anterior shins

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15
Q

What causes Pemphigus Vulgaris?

A

Autoimmune attack against desmosomes in the intercellular layer of keratinocytes

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16
Q

Where is the autoimmune attack in keratinocytes with Pemphigus Vulgaris?

A

Desmosomes in the intercellular layer

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17
Q

How will Pemphigus Vulgaris present?

A

Huge blisters that rupture and ulcerate easily

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18
Q

What is the Nikolsky sign and with what condition is it present?

A

Pemphigus Vulgaris
= Mechanical pressure on normal skin at the edge of a blister induces another blister formation

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19
Q

What causes Bullous Pemphigoid?

A

Autoimmune attack against the basement membrane of keratinocytes

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20
Q

Where is the autoimmune attack in keratinocytes with Bullous Pemphigoid?

A

Basement membrane

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21
Q

What is Vitiligo?

A

Autoimmune attack against melanocytes

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22
Q

How will Vitiligo present?

A

Areas of depigmented skin

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23
Q

What are 3 types of Acne?

A

Comedonal
Inflammatory
Cystic

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24
Q

How will Comedonal Acne look?

A

Black heads and areas of rough skin with small bumps

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25
Q

Black heads and areas of rough skin with small bumps

A

Comedonal Acne

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26
Q

How will Inflammatory acne look?

A

Smaller papules with areas of redness

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27
Q

How will Cystic/Nodular acne look?

A

LARGE nodules with possible scarring

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28
Q

What is the initial treatment for all types of acne? (2)

A

Topical retinoid
Benzoyl Peroxide

29
Q

What is the initial treatment for all types of acne? (2)

A

Topical retinoid
Benzoyl Peroxide

30
Q

If the initial acne treatment fails to resolve it, what can be added for Comedonal Acne?

A

Salicylic or Glycolic acids

31
Q

If the initial acne treatment fails to resolve it, what can be added for Inflammatory Acne?

A

Antibiotics – Clindamycin/Erythromycin

32
Q

If the initial acne treatment fails to resolve it, what can be added for Nodular/Cystic Acne? (2)

A

Antibiotics
Oral Isotretinoin

33
Q

Which types of Conjunctivitis will have granular/bumpy conjunctiva?

A

Allergic
Viral

34
Q

How will Allergic Conjunctivitis present?

A

Sudden onset bilateral watery discharge and injection

35
Q

Which types of Conjunctivitis will itch?

36
Q

How will Viral Conjunctivitis present?

A

Viral illness that leads to watery/mucoid discharge and injection

37
Q

How will Bacterial Conjunctivitis present?

A

Unilateral purulent and unremitting discharge

38
Q

Cephalohematoma

A

Bleeding between the skull and periosteum
= Firm swelling that does NOT cross suture lines

39
Q

Subgaleal Hematoma is between what layers? What vessels are sheared?

A

Periosteum and Galea aponeurosis
– Sheared emissary veins that connect sinuses

40
Q

What type of newborn hematoma will cross suture lines?

A

Subgaleal Hematoma

41
Q

What is the most common culprit of Bacterial Conjunctivitis?

A

Staph. Aureus

42
Q

What will be present with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 and where is the mutation?

A

Chr. 17
= Neurofibromas + cafe au lait spots + optic gliomas

43
Q

What will be present with Neurofibromatosis Type 2 and where is the mutation?

A

Chr. 22
= Neurofibromas + BILATERAL acoustic neuromas

44
Q

What are some presenting signs of Tuberous Sclerosis?

A

Low IQ
Epilepsy
Hypopigmented spots
Growth around nails

45
Q

Tender red streaks extending proximally from a wound is likely lymphangitis. If there is a skin abrasion with fast spread, its likely what origin?

A

Bacterial = Strep. Pyogenes or MSSA

46
Q

Tender red streaks extending proximally from a wound is likely lymphangitis. If it is a gradual onset, its likely what origin?

A

Fungal = Sporothrix Schenkii

47
Q

What is the treatment for bacterial lymphangitis? Fungal?

A

Bacterial = Cephalexin
Fungal = Itraconazole

48
Q

Describe how Seborrheic Dermatitis looks?

A

Yellow greasy plaques, often on the face or scalp

49
Q

If a newborn presents with yellow greasy plaques on the head, what is it? Treatment?

A

Seborrheic Dermatitis (cradle cap)
– Self resolving

50
Q

Nummular Eczema

A

Coin shaped plaques on the lower extremities

51
Q

Dyshidrotic Eczema

A

Vesciular pruritic rash on the HANDS and FEET

52
Q

Alopecia Areata is what?

A

Autoimmune attack against hair bulb cells

53
Q

How will Alopecia Areata present? What may you see close to skin surface?

A

Painless and patchy hair loss
- Thinning of hair shaft close to skin surface

54
Q

Treatment for Alopecia Areata?

A

Topical or Intraleisonal Corticosteroid

55
Q

What is Ichthyosis Vulgaris?

A

Inherited disorder of fish-like scales of dry skin

56
Q

Inherited disorder of fish-like scales of dry skin

A

Ichythosis Vulgaris

57
Q

What is the treatment for Ichythosis Vulgaris? Example?

A

Topical Keratolytic
ex. Alpha hydroxy acid

58
Q

How do you treat Seborrheic Dermatitis in adults?

A

Topical Antifungal – ex. selenium sulfide

59
Q

How will Rosacea present?

A

RED facial rash +/- papules/pustules

60
Q

What types of things will exacerbate Rosacea?

A

Sunlight/heat
Alcohol
Spicy food

61
Q

For mile Rosacea, avoid triggers. What can the treatment be if it is severe?

A

Topical Metronidazole

62
Q

Porphyria Cutanea Tarda is a disorder of ___ synthesis. What is the most common enzyme deficiency?

A

Heme synthesis
= Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase

63
Q

What 3 things can (+) Porphyria Cutanea Tarda?

A

Ethanol
Estrogen
Hepatitis C

64
Q

How will Porphyria Cutanea Tarda present?

A

Fragile skin with photosensitive blister formation… especially on the hands

65
Q

Red papules that can coalesce +/- vescicles/crusting with extreme pain and burning is likely?

A

Shingles (herpes zoster)

66
Q

What is the treatment for Shingles?

A

Anti-viral – Acyclovir for example

67
Q

What is the treatment for Dermatitis Herpetiformis?

A

Dapsone and Gluten free diet

68
Q

Between Pemphigus Vulgaris and Bullous Pemphigoid, which one can present with blisters/ulceration in the mouth mucosa?

A

Pemphigus Vulgaris

69
Q

What is a treatment option for Bullous Pemphigoid?

A

Topical steroid – ex. clobetasol

COMAT - Family Med (7 decks)

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