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COMAT - Family Med > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

What fungus causes Tinea Versicolor? What environmental condition causes increased growth of it?

A

Malessezia Globosa
ā€“ Grows more in the heat

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2
Q

How will the rash look with Tinea Versicolor?

A

Salmon patches that are Hypo OR Hyperpigmented

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3
Q

Where does the rash usually present with Tinea Versicolor and what does it look like?

A

Trunk and UE
= Salmon patches that are Hypo or Hyperpigmented

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4
Q

What will be seen on _____ with Tinea Versicolor?

A

KOH Prep
= Spaghetti and meatballs (hyphae and yeast)

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5
Q

What is the treatment for Tinea Versicolor?

A

Selenium Sulfide or Ketoconazole

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6
Q

5 Pā€™s of Lichen Planus?

A

Pruritic
Purple/Pink
Polygonal
Papules
Plaques

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7
Q

5 Pā€™s of Lichen Planus and what other markings may be present?

A

Pruritic
Purple/Pink
Polygonal
Papules
Plaques
ā€“ May see white lacy markings (wickham striae)

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8
Q

What 2 things is the development of Lichen Planus associated with and what is the treatment?

A

Hepatitis C and BP medications
ā€“> Glucocorticoids

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9
Q

With what disease is Dermatitis Herpetiformis associated?

A

Celiac Disease

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10
Q

How does Dermatitis Herpetiformis present?

A

Vesicles/bullae on EXTENSOR surfaces

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11
Q

Describe how Pityriasis Rosea presents?

A
  • Viral illness
  • 1 large red lesion on trunk
  • Outward spread of macules in christmas tree fashion
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12
Q

Describe how Pityriasis Rosea presents?

A
  • Viral illness
  • 1 large red lesion on trunk
  • Outward spread of macules in christmas tress fashion
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13
Q

How does Erythema Nodosum present?

A

Tender and indurated nodules on the anterior shins

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14
Q

Where does Erythema Nodosum present?

A

Anterior shins

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15
Q

What causes Pemphigus Vulgaris?

A

Autoimmune attack against desmosomes in the intercellular layer of keratinocytes

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16
Q

Where is the autoimmune attack in keratinocytes with Pemphigus Vulgaris?

A

Desmosomes in the intercellular layer

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17
Q

How will Pemphigus Vulgaris present?

A

Huge blisters that rupture and ulcerate easily

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18
Q

What is the Nikolsky sign and with what condition is it present?

A

Pemphigus Vulgaris
= Mechanical pressure on normal skin at the edge of a blister induces another blister formation

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19
Q

What causes Bullous Pemphigoid?

A

Autoimmune attack against the basement membrane of keratinocytes

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20
Q

Where is the autoimmune attack in keratinocytes with Bullous Pemphigoid?

A

Basement membrane

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21
Q

What is Vitiligo?

A

Autoimmune attack against melanocytes

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22
Q

How will Vitiligo present?

A

Areas of depigmented skin

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23
Q

What are 3 types of Acne?

A

Comedonal
Inflammatory
Cystic

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24
Q

How will Comedonal Acne look?

A

Black heads and areas of rough skin with small bumps

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25
Black heads and areas of rough skin with small bumps
Comedonal Acne
26
How will Inflammatory acne look?
Smaller papules with areas of redness
27
How will Cystic/Nodular acne look?
LARGE nodules with possible scarring
28
What is the initial treatment for all types of acne? (2)
Topical retinoid Benzoyl Peroxide
29
What is the initial treatment for all types of acne? (2)
Topical retinoid Benzoyl Peroxide
30
If the initial acne treatment fails to resolve it, what can be added for Comedonal Acne?
Salicylic or Glycolic acids
31
If the initial acne treatment fails to resolve it, what can be added for Inflammatory Acne?
Antibiotics -- Clindamycin/Erythromycin
32
If the initial acne treatment fails to resolve it, what can be added for Nodular/Cystic Acne? (2)
Antibiotics Oral Isotretinoin
33
Which types of Conjunctivitis will have granular/bumpy conjunctiva?
Allergic Viral
34
How will Allergic Conjunctivitis present?
Sudden onset bilateral watery discharge and injection
35
Which types of Conjunctivitis will itch?
Allergic
36
How will Viral Conjunctivitis present?
Viral illness that leads to watery/mucoid discharge and injection
37
How will Bacterial Conjunctivitis present?
Unilateral purulent and unremitting discharge
38
Cephalohematoma
Bleeding between the skull and periosteum = Firm swelling that does NOT cross suture lines
39
Subgaleal Hematoma is between what layers? What vessels are sheared?
Periosteum and Galea aponeurosis -- Sheared emissary veins that connect sinuses
40
What type of newborn hematoma will cross suture lines?
Subgaleal Hematoma
41
What is the most common culprit of Bacterial Conjunctivitis?
Staph. Aureus
42
What will be present with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 and where is the mutation?
Chr. 17 = Neurofibromas + cafe au lait spots + optic gliomas
43
What will be present with Neurofibromatosis Type 2 and where is the mutation?
Chr. 22 = Neurofibromas + BILATERAL acoustic neuromas
44
What are some presenting signs of Tuberous Sclerosis?
Low IQ Epilepsy Hypopigmented spots Growth around nails
45
Tender red streaks extending proximally from a wound is likely lymphangitis. If there is a skin abrasion with fast spread, its likely what origin?
Bacterial = Strep. Pyogenes or MSSA
46
Tender red streaks extending proximally from a wound is likely lymphangitis. If it is a gradual onset, its likely what origin?
Fungal = Sporothrix Schenkii
47
What is the treatment for bacterial lymphangitis? Fungal?
Bacterial = Cephalexin Fungal = Itraconazole
48
Describe how Seborrheic Dermatitis looks?
Yellow greasy plaques, often on the face or scalp
49
If a newborn presents with yellow greasy plaques on the head, what is it? Treatment?
Seborrheic Dermatitis (cradle cap) -- Self resolving
50
Nummular Eczema
Coin shaped plaques on the lower extremities
51
Dyshidrotic Eczema
Vesciular pruritic rash on the HANDS and FEET
52
Alopecia Areata is what?
Autoimmune attack against hair bulb cells
53
How will Alopecia Areata present? What may you see close to skin surface?
Painless and patchy hair loss - Thinning of hair shaft close to skin surface
54
Treatment for Alopecia Areata?
Topical or Intraleisonal Corticosteroid
55
What is Ichthyosis Vulgaris?
Inherited disorder of fish-like scales of dry skin
56
Inherited disorder of fish-like scales of dry skin
Ichythosis Vulgaris
57
What is the treatment for Ichythosis Vulgaris? Example?
Topical Keratolytic ex. Alpha hydroxy acid
58
How do you treat Seborrheic Dermatitis in adults?
Topical Antifungal -- ex. selenium sulfide
59
How will Rosacea present?
RED facial rash +/- papules/pustules
60
What types of things will exacerbate Rosacea?
Sunlight/heat Alcohol Spicy food
61
For mile Rosacea, avoid triggers. What can the treatment be if it is severe?
Topical Metronidazole
62
Porphyria Cutanea Tarda is a disorder of ___ synthesis. What is the most common enzyme deficiency?
Heme synthesis = Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase
63
What 3 things can (+) Porphyria Cutanea Tarda?
Ethanol Estrogen Hepatitis C
64
How will Porphyria Cutanea Tarda present?
Fragile skin with photosensitive blister formation... especially on the hands
65
Red papules that can coalesce +/- vescicles/crusting with extreme pain and burning is likely?
Shingles (herpes zoster)
66
What is the treatment for Shingles?
Anti-viral -- Acyclovir for example
67
What is the treatment for Dermatitis Herpetiformis?
Dapsone and Gluten free diet
68
Between Pemphigus Vulgaris and Bullous Pemphigoid, which one can present with blisters/ulceration in the mouth mucosa?
Pemphigus Vulgaris
69
What is a treatment option for Bullous Pemphigoid?
Topical steroid -- ex. clobetasol

COMAT - Family Med (7 decks)

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