Dermatology

Question 1

what is SSS (scalded skin syndrome)

Answer 1

superficial blistering skin disorder where there is detachment of the epidermis
caused by staph aureus

Question 2

what age is SSS predominantly seen in

Answer 2

under 5yrs

Question 3

clinical presentation of SSS

Answer 3

nikolsky sign
fever and malaise
blisters that rupture then lead to the epidermis to peel off to give the skin a burned-like appearance

Question 4

investigations for sss

Answer 4

skin swabs
blood cultures
skin biopsy

Question 5

management for SSS

Answer 5

IV abx
analgesia
monitor and maintain fluids
skin care

Question 6

what is impetigo

Answer 6

contagious bacterial skin infection usually caused by staph aureus
classified as non-bullous or bullous

Question 7

clinical presentation of impetigo

Answer 7

honey coloured crusted lesions which affects face, neck and hands

Question 8

management for impetigo

Answer 8

topical antiseptic - h2o2 1%
oral abx - flucloxacillin

Question 9

complications of impetigo

Answer 9

cellulitis
sepsis
sss

Question 10

what is scarlet fever

Answer 10

infection caused by strep pyogenes (group a )

Question 11

what age is scarlet fever common in and how long does the infection last for

Answer 11

lasts around 1 week

common in children between 2-8yrs age

Question 12

clinical presentation of scarlet fever

Answer 12

sore throat
headache
fatigue
n and v
rash after 12-48hrs
strawberry tongue
cervical lymphadenopathy
red flushed cheeks

Question 13

type of rash seen in scarlet fever

Answer 13

macular rash with rough sandpaper skin
spares palms and sole

Question 14

management for scarlet fever

Answer 14

• abx - phenoxymethylpenicillin for 10 days
  
  • clarithromycin if allergic

Question 15

complications for scarlet fever

Answer 15

rheumatic fever
post-strep glomerulonephritis

Question 16

what is slapped cheek syndrome

Answer 16

infection caused by parvovirus b19
spread by resp route

Question 17

when is slapped cheek no longer contagious

Answer 17

when rash appears

Question 18

clinical features of slapped cheek syndrome

Answer 18

fever, sore throat
fatigue
temperature
headache
joint/ muscle pain
rash on cheeks

Question 19

complications of slapped cheek

Answer 19

aplastic anaemia
encephalitis
meningitis
severe anaemia and miscarriage in pregnancy

Question 20

rash in chickenpox

Answer 20

macular→ papular → vesicular → pustular → crusting

starts on trunk/ face and spreads outwards affecting whole body over 2-5 days

once lesions scab over they stop being contagious

Question 21

management of chicken pox

Answer 21

supportive - self limiting

fluid intake

smooth cotton fabrics

short nails to minimize damage from scratching

calamine lotion

oral acyclovir if 14yrs or older

Question 22

what is henoch schonlein purpura often preceded by

Answer 22

URTI

Question 23

clinical presentation of HSP

Answer 23

periarticular oedema
joint stiffness
abdo pain
fever
rash - butt, arms, legs
glomerulonephritis

Question 24

investigations for HSP

Answer 24

urinalysis
bloods

Question 25

what is kawasaki disease

Answer 25

systemic vasculitis affecting medium vessels most common form in children

Question 26

clinical presentation for kawasaki disease

Answer 26

fever for more than 5days red mucous membranes maculopapular rash cervical lymphadenopathy peeling fingers and toes conjunctivitis

Question 27

management for kawasaki disease

Answer 27

- IV immunoglobulins - aspirin -reduce risk of thrombosis - high dose at first

Question 28

complications of kawasaki

Answer 28

aneurysm of coronary arteries as it causes dilatation

Question 29

at what age is Kawasaki more common in

Answer 29

6months - 4yrs

Question 30

what is rubella caused by

Answer 30

rubella virus

Question 31

when do symptoms of rubella present

Answer 31

2 weeks after

Question 32

clinical presentation of rubella

Answer 32

maculopapular rash lymphadenopathy fever sore throat joint pain

Question 33

where does rash of rubella start

Answer 33

starts on face or behind ears and spreads to the neck and body

Question 34

management for rubella

Answer 34

supportive self-limiting affected children should avoid pregnant women

Question 35

complications of rubella

Answer 35

- thrombocytopenia - encephalitis - congenital rubella syndrome - deafness, blindness, congenital heart disease