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Paediatrics > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

what is SSS (scalded skin syndrome)

A

superficial blistering skin disorder where there is detachment of the epidermis
caused by staph aureus

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2
Q

what age is SSS predominantly seen in

A

under 5yrs

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3
Q

clinical presentation of SSS

A

nikolsky sign
fever and malaise
blisters that rupture then lead to the epidermis to peel off to give the skin a burned-like appearance

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4
Q

investigations for sss

A

skin swabs
blood cultures
skin biopsy

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5
Q

management for SSS

A

IV abx
analgesia
monitor and maintain fluids
skin care

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6
Q

what is impetigo

A

contagious bacterial skin infection usually caused by staph aureus
classified as non-bullous or bullous

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7
Q

clinical presentation of impetigo

A

honey coloured crusted lesions which affects face, neck and hands

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8
Q

management for impetigo

A

topical antiseptic - h2o2 1%
oral abx - flucloxacillin

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9
Q

complications of impetigo

A

cellulitis
sepsis
sss

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10
Q

what is scarlet fever

A

infection caused by strep pyogenes (group a )

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11
Q

what age is scarlet fever common in and how long does the infection last for

A

lasts around 1 week

common in children between 2-8yrs age

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12
Q

clinical presentation of scarlet fever

A

sore throat
headache
fatigue
n and v
rash after 12-48hrs
strawberry tongue
cervical lymphadenopathy
red flushed cheeks

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13
Q

type of rash seen in scarlet fever

A

macular rash with rough sandpaper skin
spares palms and sole

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14
Q

management for scarlet fever

A
  • abx - phenoxymethylpenicillin for 10 days
    • clarithromycin if allergic
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15
Q

complications for scarlet fever

A

rheumatic fever
post-strep glomerulonephritis

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16
Q

what is slapped cheek syndrome

A

infection caused by parvovirus b19
spread by resp route

17
Q

when is slapped cheek no longer contagious

A

when rash appears

18
Q

clinical features of slapped cheek syndrome

A

fever, sore throat
fatigue
temperature
headache
joint/ muscle pain
rash on cheeks

19
Q

complications of slapped cheek

A

aplastic anaemia
encephalitis
meningitis
severe anaemia and miscarriage in pregnancy

20
Q

rash in chickenpox

A

macular→ papular → vesicular → pustular → crusting

starts on trunk/ face and spreads outwards affecting whole body over 2-5 days

once lesions scab over they stop being contagious

21
Q

management of chicken pox

A

supportive - self limiting

fluid intake

smooth cotton fabrics

short nails to minimize damage from scratching

calamine lotion

oral acyclovir if 14yrs or older

22
Q

what is henoch schonlein purpura often preceded by

A

URTI

23
Q

clinical presentation of HSP

A

periarticular oedema
joint stiffness
abdo pain
fever
rash - butt, arms, legs
glomerulonephritis

24
Q

investigations for HSP

A

urinalysis
bloods

25
Q

what is kawasaki disease

A

systemic vasculitis affecting medium vessels

most common form in children

26
Q

clinical presentation for kawasaki disease

A

fever for more than 5days
red mucous membranes
maculopapular rash
cervical lymphadenopathy
peeling fingers and toes
conjunctivitis

27
Q

management for kawasaki disease

A
  • IV immunoglobulins
  • aspirin -reduce risk of thrombosis
    • high dose at first
28
Q

complications of kawasaki

A

aneurysm of coronary arteries as it causes dilatation

29
Q

at what age is Kawasaki more common in

A

6months - 4yrs

30
Q

what is rubella caused by

A

rubella virus

31
Q

when do symptoms of rubella present

A

2 weeks after

32
Q

clinical presentation of rubella

A

maculopapular rash
lymphadenopathy
fever
sore throat
joint pain

33
Q

where does rash of rubella start

A

starts on face or behind ears and spreads to the neck and body

34
Q

management for rubella

A

supportive

self-limiting

affected children should avoid pregnant women

35
Q

complications of rubella

A
  • thrombocytopenia
  • encephalitis
  • congenital rubella syndrome
    • deafness, blindness, congenital heart disease

Paediatrics (16 decks)

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