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MedTest CRAM > DERMATOLOGY > Flashcards

DERMATOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q 
Which of the following cells belongs to the professional antigen presenting cells of the cutaneous adaptive immune system?
A)  	Keratinocyte
B)  	Langerhans cell
C)  	Merkel cell
D)  	Melanocyte
A

B) Langerhans cell

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2
Q 
Which therapeutic option is appropriate for the treatment of allergic contact dermatitis?
A)  	marigold ointment
B)  	salicylic acid
C)  	5-fluorouracyl
D)  	topical glucocorticoids
E)  	none of the above
A

D) topical glucocorticoids

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3
Q 
Which diagnosis cannot be the underlying cause of a secondary Raynaud syndrome?
A)  	SLE
B)  	systemic scleroderma
C)  	cervical rib
D)  	cryoglobulinaemia
E)  	atopic dermatitis
A

E) atopic dermatitis

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4
Q

Which examination is not suitable for making diagnosis of a cutaneous vasculitis?
A) dermatohistopathological examination of lesional skin
B) direct immunofluorescent microscopy of lesional skin
C) hepatitis C serology
D) measurement of serum levels of cryoglobulin and cryofibrinogen
E) angiography

A

E) angiography

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5
Q

Which feature is not characteristic for dysplastic nevi?
A) Their diameter is >5 mm
B) They often have more than one colors (e.g., red, blue, light and dark brown, black)
C) They are almost always asymmetric
D) Their edges are usually irregular, gyrated
E) They are inborn skin lesions

A

E) They are inborn skin lesions

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6
Q

Nevi … do not have to be removed surgically.
A) growing fast
B) which do not change over many years
C) changing their color (such as darkening)
D) which ulcerate or bleed
E) which often itch

A

B) which do not change over many years

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7
Q 
All following disorders are manifestations of cutaneous tuberculosis, except:
A)  	Lupus vulgaris
B)  	Lupus erythematosus
C)  	Erythema induratum Bazin
D)  	Scrofuloderma
E)  	Lichen scrofulosorum
A

B) Lupus erythematosus

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8
Q 
Verruca vulgaris occurs commonly in the following conditions, except:
A)  	pes valgus
B)  	immunodeficiency
C)  	psoriasis
D)  	HIV positivity
E)  	hyperhidrosis
A

C) psoriasis

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9
Q

The following clinical features are characteristic for herpes zoster, except:
A) grouped vesicles
B) usually mild symptoms
C) linear arrangement of vesicle groups
D) contagious through direct lesional skin contact
E) severe complications are rare but possible

A

B) usually mild symptoms

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10
Q 
The following clinical features are characteristic for porphyria cutanea tarda except
A)  	blisters in sun-exposed skin areas
B)  	hyperpigmentation
C)  	hypertrichosis
D)  	elevated serum liver transaminases
E)  	green discoloration of urine
A

E) green discoloration of urine

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11
Q 
The following diseases frequently associated with diabetes mellitus except
A)  	necrobiosis lipoidica
B)  	candida infection
C)  	granuloma anulare
D)  	erythema multiforme
E)  	cutaneous microangiopathy
A

D) erythema multiforme

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12
Q

Which factors influence the increasing prevalence of onychomycosis?

1) ageing of population
2) increased number of immunosuppressed patients
3) frequent use of broad spectrum antibiotics
4) changed lifestyle (occlusive shoes, sport and leisure activities)

A)  	Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B)  	Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C)  	Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D)  	Only answer 4 is correct.
E)  	All answers are correct.
A

E) All answers are correct.

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13
Q

In which disease is tick bite typical for the patients’ history?

1) Lymphadenosis cutis benigna
2) Erythema chronicum migrans
3) Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans
4) Lyme disease

A)  	Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B)  	Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C)  	Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D)  	Only answer 4 is correct.
E)  	All answers are correct.
A

E) All answers are correct.

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14
Q

Which therapeutic option(s) is (are) appropriate for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphomas?

1) PUVA
2) Bone marrow transplantation
3) α-interferon
4) X-ray irradiation

A)  	Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B)  	Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C)  	Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D)  	Only answer 4 is correct.
E)  	All answers are correct.
A

E) All answers are correct.

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15
Q

Which substances do have a keratolytic effect in adequate concentrations?

1) Salicylic acid
2) Urea
3) Lactic acid
4) Boric acid

A)  	Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B)  	Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C)  	Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D)  	Only answer 4 is correct.
E)  	All answers are correct.
A

A) Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.

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16
Q

Which signs or symptoms are characteristic for arteriosclerosis obliterans of the lower extremities?

1) Intermittent claudication
2) Pain at rest
3) Gangrene
4) Reduced pain upon lifting the leg

A)  	Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B)  	Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C)  	Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D)  	Only answer 4 is correct.
E)  	All answers are correct.
A

A) Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.

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17
Q

Which signs or symptoms are characteristic for a postthrombotic leg ulcer?

1) White atrophy
2) A varicose vein draining the region of the ulcer
3) Localization just above the ankle on the inside of the leg
4) Intermittent claudication

A)  	Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B)  	Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C)  	Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D)  	Only answer 4 is correct.
E)  	All answers are correct.
A

A) Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.

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18
Q

Which therapeutic option(s) is (are) appropriate for the treatment of a postthrombotic leg ulcer?

1) Systemic antibiotics
2) Deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis
3) Systemic vasodilation by calcium channel blockers
4) Compression stockings

A)  	Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B)  	Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C)  	Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D)  	Only answer 4 is correct.
E)  	All answers are correct.
A

C) Answers 2 and 4 are correct.

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19
Q

Which manifestation is typical for psoriasis?

1) Arthropathy
2) Pustules
3) Onychodystrophy
4) Scaling of the lips (cheilitis)

A)  	Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B)  	Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C)  	Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D)  	Only answer 4 is correct.
E)  	All answers are correct.
A

A) Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.

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20
Q

Which cutaneous manifestation(s) is (are) typical for a vasculitis?

1) Purpura
2) Persisting urtica for over 24 hours
3) Hemorrhagic papule
4) Skin necrosis

A)  	Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B)  	Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C)  	Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D)  	Only answer 4 is correct.
E)  	All answers are correct.
A

E) All answers are correct.

21
Q

Which statement(s) is (are) true for gonorrheal urethritis?

1) Purulent urethral discharge, intracellular, Gram negative diplococci in the smear
2) Incubation time in men approx. 3 days; in women usually no symptoms
3) Therapy of first choice is ceftriaxone
4) Co-infections are relatively common, thus HIV, syphilis and chlamydial co-infections have to be excluded.

A)  	Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B)  	Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C)  	Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D)  	Only answer 4 is correct.
E)  	All answers are correct.
A

E) All answers are correct.

22
Q

Furuncles occur commonly …

1) in diabetes mellitus
2) due to prolonged therapy with systemic or topical glucocorticoids
3) in immunodeficiency
4) in malignant melanoma

A)  	Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B)  	Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C)  	Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D)  	Only answer 4 is correct.
E)  	All answers are correct.
A

A) Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.

23
Q

Tuberculin test is anergic …

1) in patients who had not been immunized against M. tuberculosis
2) under immunosuppressive therapy
3) in elderly
4) after tuberculotic infections

A)  	Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B)  	Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C)  	Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D)  	Only answer 4 is correct.
E)  	All answers are correct.
A

A) Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.

24
Q

Which clinical features are typical for genital herpes infection?

1) Painless ulcers
2) Painful regional lymphadenopathy
3) No prodromal symptoms
4) Recurrent disease

A)  	Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B)  	Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C)  	Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D)  	Only answer 4 is correct.
E)  	All answers are correct.
A

C) Answers 2 and 4 are correct.

25
Q

Which side effects of a therapy with isotretinoin are most common?

1) Dry mouth
2) Conjunctivitis
3) Increased serum cholesterol levels
4) Cheilitis

A)  	Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B)  	Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C)  	Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D)  	Only answer 4 is correct.
E)  	All answers are correct.
A

E) All answers are correct.

26
Q

In which disease(s) may nail clubbing occur?

1) Psoriasis
2) SLE
3) Onychomycosis
4) Pulmonary fibrosis

A)  	Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct.
B)  	Answers 1 and 3 are correct.
C)  	Answers 2 and 4 are correct.
D)  	Only answer 4 is correct.
E)  	All answers are correct.
A

D) Only answer 4 is correct.

27
Q

Which statements are true for basal cell carcinoma? Please find the correct combination.

1) It affects mainly elderly patients.
2) It occurs commonly as a plaque with telangiectasias and glistening edges.
3) It is commonly ulcerated.
4) It destroys neighboring tissues.
5) Metastatic spreading is common.

A)  	Answers 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct
B)  	All answers are correct
C)  	Answers 1, 2 and 4 are correct
D)  	Answers 2, 3 and 5 are correct
E)  	Answers 1, 3 and 5 are correct
A

A) Answers 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct

28
Q

Which statements are true for pyogenic granuloma? Please find the correct combination.

1) It is intense red.
2) It bleeds easily.
3) It develops usually after an injury.
4) It can transform into malignancy.
5) It has a firm consistence.

A)  	Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct
B)  	Answers 1, 2 and 4 are correct
C)  	Answers 1, 4 and 5 are correct
D)  	Answers 1, 3 and 5 are correct
E)  	Answers 2, 3 and 4 are correct
F)  	Answers 2, 3 and 5 are correct
G)  	Answers 2, 4 and 5 are correct
H)  	Answers 3, 4 and 5 are correct
A

A) Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct

29
Q

Condyloma acuminatum occurs commonly …

1) in HIV positive patients
2) in patients with chronic vaginal discharge
3) in promiscuous individuals
4) associated with menorrhagia
5) in pregnancy

A)  	Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct
B)  	Answers 1, 2 and 4 are correct
C)  	Answers 1, 4 and 5 are correct
D)  	Answers 1, 3 and 5 are correct
E)  	Answers 2, 3 and 4 are correct
F)  	Answers 2, 3 and 5 are correct
G)  	Answers 2, 4 and 5 are correct
H)  	Answers 3, 4 and 5 are correct
A

A) Answers 1, 2 and 3 are correct

30
Q 
Please associate following pathogens with the statements below.
A)  	Trichophyton schönleini
B)  	Microsporum canis
C)  	Trichophyton rubrum
D)  	Trichophyton verrucosum

BOR - 40 - It results in usually a superficial mycosis of the scalp and trunk. If the scalp is affected, systemic antimycotic treatment is indicated. On the trunk, it is characterized by red, annular, oval or round plaques with scaling edges.
BOR - 41 - It leads to a chronic dermatitis of the scalp which typically heals with scarring alopecia.
BOR - 42 - It affects typically animals such as cows; in humans, it causes usually a deep tinea of the scalp (also called kerion Celsi) and tinea barbae.
BOR - 43 - This is the most common pathogenic dermatophyte in Central Europe including Hungary.

A

BOR - 40 - B)
BOR - 41 - A)
BOR - 42 - D)
BOR - 43 - C)

31
Q

Please associate following definitions with the diagnoses below.
A) Hereditary bullous disease
B) Drug-induced bullous disease
C) Bullous metabolic disorder
D) Bullous disease related to celiac disease
E) Autoimmune bullous disease with typical oral mucous membrane manifestation

BOR - 44 - 	Pemphigus vulgaris
BOR - 45 - 	Porphyria cutanea tarda
BOR - 46 - 	Dermatitis herpetiformis
BOR - 47 - 	Epidermolysis bullosa simplex
BOR - 48 - 	Toxic epidermal necrolysis
A 
BOR - 44 - E)
BOR - 45 - C)
BOR - 46 - D)
BOR - 47 - A)
BOR - 48 - B)
32
Q

Please associate following statements with the diagnoses below.
A) Red plaques in sun-exposed areas
B) It can be verified by patch-tests
C) It can be triggered by sport and physical activity
D) It can be caused by C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency
E) White dermographism is a specific sign for it

BOR - 49 - 	Atopic dermatitis
BOR - 50 - 	SLE
BOR - 51 - 	Allergic contact dermatitis
BOR - 52 - 	Hereditary angioedema
BOR - 53 - 	Cholinergic urticaria
A 
BOR - 49 - E)
BOR - 50 - A)
BOR - 51 - B)
BOR - 52 - D)
BOR - 53 - C)
33
Q 
Please associate following disorders with the corresponding immunologic pathomechanisms below.
A)  	Allergic contact dermatitis
B)  	Allergic rhinitis
C)  	Sarcoidosis
D)  	Schönlein-Henoch purpura
E)  	Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

BOR - 54 - IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction
BOR - 55 - Non-necrotizing granuloma formation
BOR - 56 - Hypersensitivity reaction of delayed type
BOR - 57 - Immune complex reaction

A

BOR - 54 - B)
BOR - 55 - C)
BOR - 56 - A)
BOR - 57 - D)

34
Q 
Please associate following germs with the corresponding diagnoses or skin signs below.
A)  	Haemophilus ducreyi
B)  	Mycobacterium tuberculosis
C)  	Rochalimaea henselae
D)  	Mycobacterium marinum
E)  	Bacillus anthracis
BOR - 59 - 	Cat scratch disease
BOR - 60 - 	Pustula maligna
BOR - 61 - 	Ulcus molle
BOR - 62 - 	Swimming pool granuloma
BOR - 63 - 	Lupus vulgaris
A 
BOR - 59 - C)
BOR - 60 - E)
BOR - 61 - A)
BOR - 62 - D)
BOR - 63 - B)
35
Q

The following diseases are light sensitive: rosacea, lupus erythematosus, porphyria cutanea tarda, dermatomyositis; consequently, avoiding sun and light protection is part of the treatment.
A) The statements in both clauses are correct, and they are causally related to each other.
B) The statements in both clauses are correct, but they are not causally related to each other.
C) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is true, but the second one is false.
D) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is false, but the second one is true.
E) The statements in both clauses of the sentence are false.

A

A) The statements in both clauses are correct, and they are causally related to each other.

36
Q

In vulvovaginitis caused by yeasts, massive, white, clumpy vaginal discharge with erythema of the vaginal mucous membrane and intense pruritus appear, thus in relapsing cases, oral administration of azole derivatives in addition to topical treatment with antimycotics is recommended.
A) The statements in both clauses are correct, and they are causally related to each other.
B) The statements in both clauses are correct, but they are not causally related to each other.
C) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is true, but the second one is false.
D) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is false, but the second one is true.
E) The statements in both clauses of the sentence are false.

A

B) The statements in both clauses are correct, but they are not causally related to each other.

37
Q

Scabies is a very itching skin disease with predilection sites in the interdigital folds, volar area of wrists, axillary regions, areolae of the breasts, umbilical and genital regions; therefore, it is transmitted almost always sexually.
A) The statements in both clauses are correct, and they are causally related to each other.
B) The statements in both clauses are correct, but they are not causally related to each other.
C) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is true, but the second one is false.
D) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is false, but the second one is true.
E) The statements in both clauses of the sentence are false.

A

A) The statements in both clauses are correct, and they are causally related to each other.

??? Might be wrong ??? (BOR 66)

38
Q

Treatment of psoriasis with biological therapies is indicated only in case of unsuccessful pre-treatment by acitretin, PUVA or narrow band UVB, methotrexate or ciclosporin, because all of these above mentioned therapies can be effective in psoriasis.
A) The statements in both clauses are correct, and they are causally related to each other.
B) The statements in both clauses are correct, but they are not causally related to each other.
C) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is true, but the second one is false.
D) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is false, but the second one is true.
E) The statements in both clauses of the sentence are false.

A

A) The statements in both clauses are correct, and they are causally related to each other.

39
Q

The most commonly used therapies for pityriasis rosea are potent topical antimycotics, because pityriasis rosea is a disease caused by fungi.
A) The statements in both clauses are correct, and they are causally related to each other.
B) The statements in both clauses are correct, but they are not causally related to each other.
C) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is true, but the second one is false.
D) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is false, but the second one is true.
E) The statements in both clauses of the sentence are false.

A

E) The statements in both clauses of the sentence are false.

Pityriasis rosea is VIRAL disease

40
Q

In patients having erythema nodosum a chest X-ray examination is necessary, because erythema nodosum can be a sign for pulmonary sarcoidosis.
A) The statements in both clauses are correct, and they are causally related to each other.
B) The statements in both clauses are correct, but they are not causally related to each other.
C) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is true, but the second one is false.
D) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is false, but the second one is true.
E) The statements in both clauses of the sentence are false.

A

A) The statements in both clauses are correct, and they are causally related to each other.

41
Q

Malignant melanoma always originates from pigmented nevi, thus prophylactic excision of all pigmented nevi is recommended.
A) The statements in both clauses are correct, and they are causally related to each other.
B) The statements in both clauses are correct, but they are not causally related to each other.
C) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is true, but the second one is false.
D) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is false, but the second one is true.
E) The statements in both clauses of the sentence are false.

A

E) The statements in both clauses of the sentence are false.

42
Q

Squamous cell carcinomas of the skin usually originate from actinic keratoses; consequently, treatment of actinic keratoses (for instance with cryotherapy) prevents development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas.
A) The statements in both clauses are correct, and they are causally related to each other.
B) The statements in both clauses are correct, but they are not causally related to each other.
C) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is true, but the second one is false.
D) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is false, but the second one is true.
E) The statements in both clauses of the sentence are false.

A

A) The statements in both clauses are correct, and they are causally related to each other.

43
Q

Antibiotics do not even have a temporary effect in hidradenitis suppurativa, because hidradenitis suppurativa is a sterile, chronic, relapsing inflammation of the eccrine glands of the axillary and/or inguinal regions.
A) The statements in both clauses are correct, and they are causally related to each other.
B) The statements in both clauses are correct, but they are not causally related to each other.
C) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is true, but the second one is false.
D) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is false, but the second one is true.
E) The statements in both clauses of the sentence are false.

A

C) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is true, but the second one is false.

44
Q

Molluscum contagiosum is a proliferative epithelial disease caused by a poxvirus; consequently, it can be responsible for endemic outbreaks among children who frequently swim or have atopic dermatitis.
A) The statements in both clauses are correct, and they are causally related to each other.
B) The statements in both clauses are correct, but they are not causally related to each other.
C) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is true, but the second one is false.
D) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is false, but the second one is true.
E) The statements in both clauses of the sentence are false.

A

A) The statements in both clauses are correct, and they are causally related to each other.

45
Q

Sézary syndrome is a severe, generalized T cell lymphoma which has to be treated with systemic therapies (e.g., retinoids, interferon-α, extracorporeal photopheresis, or chemotherapy), because the erythroderma and the generalized lymphadenopathy do not respond to topical therapies and the disease has an aggressive course.
A) The statements in both clauses are correct, and they are causally related to each other.
B) The statements in both clauses are correct, but they are not causally related to each other.
C) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is true, but the second one is false.
D) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is false, but the second one is true.
E) The statements in both clauses of the sentence are false.

A

D) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is false, but the second one is true.

46
Q

Ulcerative colitis is often associated with pyoderma gangraenosum, because Haemophilus ulcerosus is implicated in the pathogenesis of pyoderma gangraenosum.
A) The statements in both clauses are correct, and they are causally related to each other.
B) The statements in both clauses are correct, but they are not causally related to each other.
C) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is true, but the second one is false.
D) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is false, but the second one is true.
E) The statements in both clauses of the sentence are false.

A

C) The statement in the first clause of the sentence is true, but the second one is false.

47
Q

What is the most likely differential diagnosis?
A 50-year-old male presents with a bleeding, pruritic, exophytic, ulcerated, brownish black, nodular tumor of 1 cm diameter over the left scapula which has grown quickly in the last half a year.
A) Kaposi sarcoma
B) Nodular malignant melanoma
C) Squamous cell carcinoma
D) Mycosis fungoides

A

B) Nodular malignant melanoma

48
Q

What is the most appropriate procedure?
A 50-year-old male presents with a bleeding, pruritic, exophytic, ulcerated, brownish black, nodular tumor of 1 cm diameter over the left scapula which has grown quickly in the last half a year.
A) Surgical excision of the primary tumor
B) Irradiation of the primary tumor followed by surgical excision of the tumor remnants
C) Chemotherapy of the primary tumor followed by surgical excision of the tumor remnants
D) Surgical excision of the primary tumor followed by postoperative irradiation

A

A) Surgical excision of the primary tumor

49
Q

Which chemotherapeutic agent is used most commonly for treatment of a malignant melanoma?
A 50-year-old male presents with a bleeding, pruritic, exophytic, ulcerated, brownish black, nodular tumor of 1 cm diameter over the left scapula which has grown quickly in the last half a year.
A) Azathioprine
B) Dacarbazine
C) Bleomycin
D) Cyclophosphamide

A

B) Dacarbazine

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