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Royal Super 4th Year Brain > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

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1
Q

Topical treatments for psoriasis.

A

Corticosteroids, vitamin D analogues, calcineurin inhibitors, tars, anthralin, tazarotine

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2
Q

Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis - timing, appearance, diagnosis (what NOT to miss), management

A 
Timing = ~6 months, resolves by 3 years
Appearance = itchy papules/pustules on red base, localized to scalp + brows
Diagnosis = smear of pustule (eosino!), CBC (eosino!), r./o immunodeficiency (hyperIgE)
Management = CC's, anti-histamine, anti-inflammatory
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3
Q

DDx for bruises

A
  1. Skin: Mongolian spots, hemaniomas, erythema multiforme, cultural (cupping)
  2. Coagulation d/o: hemophilia, vWD, ITP
  3. Autoimmune: Vasculitis, ITP, SLE
  4. ID: meningococcemia
  5. Onc: Leukemia, neuroblastoma
  6. Nutritional deficiency: Vitamin K
  7. Systemic illness: DIC
  8. Connect tissue d/o: Ehlers-Danlos, OI
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4
Q

Dermatological complication thought to be secondary to ischemic injury from perinatal complications + what test would you order?

A

Subcutaneous fat necrosis - hyperCa

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5
Q

DDx for dermatitis

A
  • Atopic dermatitis
  • Nummular dermatitis - circular
  • Seborrheic dermatitis
  • Irritant contact dermatitis
  • Allergic contact dermatitis
  • Scabies
  • Immunodeficiency: Wiskott-Aldrich, Hyper-IgE Syndrome, SCID
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6
Q

Langerhans cell histiocytosis - what two features may they have that seborreic dermatitis does not

A

Petechiae/purpura, otorrhea

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7
Q

x3 causes of nail pitting

A
  • Idiopathic
  • Psoriasis
  • Alopecia areata
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8
Q

Unique features of Pityriasis rosea

A
  • Herald patch
  • Christmas tree distribution
  • Collarette scale
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9
Q

Treatment for Pityriasis rosea

A
  • Should resolve by 3 months

- If symptomatic: topical steroids, anti-histamines

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10
Q

What area of the body does atopic dermatitis spare?

A

Groin + axilla

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11
Q

How does Guttate Psoriasis present + what is the treatment?

A
  • Sudden onset multiple small papules
  • Follows strep infection
  • 10d penicillin
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12
Q

Psoriasis comorbidities

A
  • Metabolic syndrome - cardiovascular disease, HTN, DM
  • Autoimmune - IBD, arthritis
  • Mental health
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13
Q

When do you check for uveitis in psoriasis?

A

If there is arthritis

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14
Q

What two derm conditions are related to each other in distribution + by Malassezia?

A
  • Seborrheic dermatitis

- Pityriasis Versicolour

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15
Q

How to dx Pityriasis Versicolour

A

Clinical, can use wood’s lamp (yellow!)

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16
Q

Main difference between Pityriasis Versicolour, Pityriasis Rosea, and Tinea Corporis?

A
  • PV: many colours, coalescing
  • PR: collarette scale, Herald/Christmas
  • TC: ring-shaped (aka ring worm)
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17
Q

How to tx Tinea Corporis?

A
  • Scraping of lesion
  • Topical anti-fungal BID until clear
  • Avoid direct contact (e.g., wrestling)
18
Q

What age group must you ALWAYS work up for acne?

A

1-7 year old

19
Q

Oral Abx choice for acne + what must you also do

A
  • Tetracyclines
  • Erythromycin for <9 years
  • ONLY to be used in combo with BPO
20
Q

Side effects of isotretinoin

A
  • Teratogenic!
  • Labs - bHCG, lipids, LE’s
  • CNS: night blindness, headache, pseudotumor cerebri
  • MSK: myalgia, arthritis
  • Skin: dryness, photosensitivity, acne fulminans
21
Q

Tx for scabies including distribution of application

A

5% permethrin x8-14 hours, rpt 7 days later

-infant (scalp to toes), children (neck to toes)

22
Q

Tx for scabies

A

(1) 5% permethrin x8-14 hours, rpt 7 days later
- infant (scalp to toes), children (neck to toes)
(2) prophylaxis for household members
(3) bedding/clothing

23
Q

How does tinea capitis present?

A
  • Single or multiple patches
  • With or without partial alopecia
  • Non-inflam = grey scale, black dots
  • Inflam = erythema, scale, pustules, kerion
  • Associated occipital LAD
24
Q

Dx with occipital LAD + alopecia

A

Tinea capitis

25
Q

Tx of tinea capitis

A
  • Oral terbinafine x4-6 weeks
  • Anti-fungal shampoo for pt + household
  • Examine household members
26
Q

Dx of tinea capitis

A

Scraping for KOH + fungal culture

27
Q

DDx for alopecia

A

-Congenital

Focal:

  • Alopecia areata
  • Tinea capitis
  • Trauma/traction
  • Trichotillomania

Diffuse:

  • Telogen effluvium*
  • Anagen effuvium - chemo
  • Androgenetic alopecia
  • Alopecia areata - generalized type
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Lupus
  • Iron deficiency anemia
28
Q

What is telogen effluvium?

A

Diffuse alopecia develops 6 weeks to 4 months following an inciting event = severe emotional stress, surgery, medications, infection, or idiopathic

29
Q

When is the most rapid growth for hemangiomas?

A

Between 1-3 months

30
Q

When to consider treatment for hemangioma

A
  • Cosmetically sensitive
  • Risk of ulceration
  • Impairment of function/vital structure
31
Q

x4 situations when hemangiomas may be associated with systemic disease

A
  • > 5 cutaneous IH’s = risk of visceral lesion (liver most common)
  • Beard distribution = risk of airway lesion
  • Segmental facial lesion = risk of PHACE
  • Segmental lumbosacral/perineal lesion = LUMBAR
32
Q

Work-up for PHACE

A
  • Derm referral
  • MRI/MRA head + neck
  • Echo + ECG
  • Optho
33
Q

Classic three findings for Sturge Weber Syndrome

A
  • Capillary malformation/Port wine stain (forehead)
  • Glaucoma
  • Leptomeningeal capillary-venous malformation
34
Q

Most common cause of erythema multiforme

A

HSV

35
Q

What group of conditions is vitiligo typically associated with?

A

Autoimmune conditions

36
Q

Is there a prodrome for TEN/SJS?

A

yes - flu-like

37
Q

What are you at risk for if there is a large congenital melanocytic nevus?

A

melanocytosis of the leptomeninges - increased risk of seizures

38
Q

What derm condition can be thought of as mild atopic dermatitis and tends to be more pronounced in darker skin individuals?

A

Pityriasis alba

39
Q

What is it - herald patch?

A

Pityriasis rosea

40
Q

What class of medication to think of with photosensitivity skin reactions?

A

NSAIDs

41
Q

What chronic derm condition can be triggered by strep?

A

Psoriasis

Royal Super 4th Year Brain (25 decks)

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