Community Flashcards
First line therapy for:
a) Lice
b) Scabies
a) 1% Premethrin cream
b) 5% Premethrin cream
What is the most specific combination of findings on UA?
Leukocyte + nitrites
UTI first line antibiotic plan in non-toxic >3 month old
Oral cefixime 10-14 days
What makes a child high risk for introduction of allergenic solids?
Personal history of atopy
First degree relative with atopy
Risk factors for SNHL
- Family history
- Craniofacial abnormalities
- Congenital infections (meningitis, CMV, toxo, syphilis, rubella)
- PEx consistent with underlying syndrome associated with hearing loss
- NICU >2 days OR any of the following: mech ventilation, ototoxic meds, ECMO, hyperbili with exchange tx
Most common infectious cause of SNHL
CMV
Age when infant should be able to fix + follow
By 3 months of age
Most common childhood chronic disease
Tooth decay
What amount of fluoride in water would you recommend additional supplementation?
0.3
Rome criteria for colic
- Paroxysms of irritability, fussiness, or crying that starts/stops without obvious cause
- Episodes last >3 hours/day for >3 days a week for at least 1 week
- No FTT
First line for disruptive behaviours
Parenting program
After what age should we be more concerned regarding NEW onset of head banging
> 5 years
Difference between GDD and ID
GDD applies to children <5 years of age
Genetic testing to do for GDD - first line
- Chromosomal microarray
- Fragile X testing
- MECP2 - for girls
What test is important to send for severe hyperbili?
G6PD
Recommendations for screen time for:
a) <2 years old
b) 2-5 years old
a) None
b) <1 hour/day
Potential complications for infants of mothers smoking cigarettes
Preterm birth, AOM, gastrochisis, increased behav problems, decreased academic achievement, preterm, low BW, SIDS, shorter duration of BF
5 A’s of prevention
Ask Assess Advise Assist Arrange
Adequate intra-partum antibiotics
At least 1 dose given at least 4 hours before birth of:
- IV Pen G, ampicillin, or cefazolin
Rome IV Criteria for Colic
- <5 months when symptoms start and stop
- Recurrent and prolonged periods of crying, fussing, or irritability that occur without an obvious cause
- No FTT, fever, or illness
Infants on Neocate are at risk for what?
Hypophosphatemia
What is FPIAP? What is the presentation and required Ix/Tx?
= Food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis
- Presentation: intermittent/slow onset hematochezia, normal growth, within first 6 months of life
- No Ix
- Tx: Change to hydrolyzed formula and/or maternal elimination diet
Trigger foods for FPIES as well as acute/chronic management
Foods = milk, soy, grains, egg, meat/fish, veg/fruit, peanuts
- Acute: fluids, ondans, CC’s
- Chronic: elimination diet, growth/nutrition, allergist
Does child with FPIES require an epi-pen?
Do they need to avoid “may contain” products?
- No x2
Age range for FPIES
2-7 months
Acute and chronic presentations of FPIES
- Acute: Emesis, diarrhea, pallor, lethargy
- Chronic: FTT, anemia, chronic diarrhea/emesis, malabsorption
Timing of first dental visit
Within 6 months of first tooth eruption or by 12 months of age
Age of consent for sexual activity in Canada
12-13 = 2 year difference 14-15 = 5 year difference 16> = no age restriction, no authority or exploitation
Definitions for FTT (x4)
- Weight <3rd percentile
- <3rd percentile with weight-for-length
- Weight <80th percentile for ideal weight for age
- Crossing x2 or more percentiles
Why should we worry about an infant on exclusive goat milk?
Folic acid deficiency –> megaloblastic anemia
4th leading cause of injury in children
FB ingestion + aspiration
What age range would you expect to potentially see appetite decrease for a healthy child?
2-5 years
Placement of ear in positional plagiocephaly
- Unilateral occipital flattening
- Ipsilateral anterior displacement of ear
First line for lice
1% permethrin - 2 treatments 7 days apart
If ?refractory lice - what x2 things to consider and if indeed refractory what is the next tx step?
- Mis-diagnosis or reinfestation after initial treatment
- Resultz - non-insecticidal agent
Goal amount of iron in formula
6.5-13 mg/L
For low BW infants who are primarily BF, what are the iron recommendations?
- If BW <2.0kg = 2-3 mg/kg/day x12 months
- If BW 2.0-2.5kg = 1-2 mg/kg/day x6 months
For low BW infants who are primarily formula fed, what are the iron recommendations?
- If at least 10-12 mg/L of iron, then no supplementation required.
- Otherwise, same as if BF.
Prevention of iron deficiency anemia for newborns/infants
- Delayed cord clamping
- Iron rich food introduction at 6 months of age
- Cow’s milk not until 12 months and only 500 mL/day
Risk factors for iron deficiency anemia
- Mother with iron deficiency or obesity
- No delayed cord clamping
- Preterm
- Low BW <2500g
- Male
- Low SES, indigenous
- Chronic infection
- Lead exposure
Nutritional deficiencies associated with a vegan diet
- Iron
- Zinc
- Vitamin D
- Vitamin B12
- Protein
- Omega fatty acids
- Calcium
Side effects of septra
- Renal + hepatic toxicity
- BM suppression
- Anaphylaxis
- Urticaria
- Drug eruption (SJS/TENS)
- Hyperbili (neonates)
- Photosensitivity
