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Royal Super 4th Year Brain > Community > Flashcards

Community Flashcards

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The Brain flashcards Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards
1
Q

First line therapy for:

a) Lice
b) Scabies

A

a) 1% Premethrin cream

b) 5% Premethrin cream

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2
Q

What is the most specific combination of findings on UA?

A

Leukocyte + nitrites

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3
Q

UTI first line antibiotic plan in non-toxic >3 month old

A

Oral cefixime 10-14 days

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4
Q

What makes a child high risk for introduction of allergenic solids?

A

Personal history of atopy

First degree relative with atopy

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5
Q

Risk factors for SNHL

A
  • Family history
  • Craniofacial abnormalities
  • Congenital infections (meningitis, CMV, toxo, syphilis, rubella)
  • PEx consistent with underlying syndrome associated with hearing loss
  • NICU >2 days OR any of the following: mech ventilation, ototoxic meds, ECMO, hyperbili with exchange tx
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6
Q

Most common infectious cause of SNHL

A

CMV

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7
Q

Age when infant should be able to fix + follow

A

By 3 months of age

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8
Q

Most common childhood chronic disease

A

Tooth decay

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9
Q

What amount of fluoride in water would you recommend additional supplementation?

A

0.3

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10
Q

Rome criteria for colic

A
  • Paroxysms of irritability, fussiness, or crying that starts/stops without obvious cause
  • Episodes last >3 hours/day for >3 days a week for at least 1 week
  • No FTT
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11
Q

First line for disruptive behaviours

A

Parenting program

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12
Q

After what age should we be more concerned regarding NEW onset of head banging

A

> 5 years

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13
Q

Difference between GDD and ID

A

GDD applies to children <5 years of age

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14
Q

Genetic testing to do for GDD - first line

A
  • Chromosomal microarray
  • Fragile X testing
  • MECP2 - for girls
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15
Q

What test is important to send for severe hyperbili?

A

G6PD

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16
Q

Recommendations for screen time for:

a) <2 years old
b) 2-5 years old

A

a) None

b) <1 hour/day

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17
Q

Potential complications for infants of mothers smoking cigarettes

A

Preterm birth, AOM, gastrochisis, increased behav problems, decreased academic achievement, preterm, low BW, SIDS, shorter duration of BF

18
Q

5 A’s of prevention

A 
Ask
Assess
Advise
Assist
Arrange
19
Q

Adequate intra-partum antibiotics

A

At least 1 dose given at least 4 hours before birth of:

- IV Pen G, ampicillin, or cefazolin

20
Q

Rome IV Criteria for Colic

A
  • <5 months when symptoms start and stop
  • Recurrent and prolonged periods of crying, fussing, or irritability that occur without an obvious cause
  • No FTT, fever, or illness
21
Q

Infants on Neocate are at risk for what?

A

Hypophosphatemia

22
Q

What is FPIAP? What is the presentation and required Ix/Tx?

A

= Food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis

  • Presentation: intermittent/slow onset hematochezia, normal growth, within first 6 months of life
  • No Ix
  • Tx: Change to hydrolyzed formula and/or maternal elimination diet
23
Q

Trigger foods for FPIES as well as acute/chronic management

A

Foods = milk, soy, grains, egg, meat/fish, veg/fruit, peanuts

  • Acute: fluids, ondans, CC’s
  • Chronic: elimination diet, growth/nutrition, allergist
24
Q

Does child with FPIES require an epi-pen?

Do they need to avoid “may contain” products?

A
  • No x2
25
Q

Age range for FPIES

A

2-7 months

26
Q

Acute and chronic presentations of FPIES

A
  • Acute: Emesis, diarrhea, pallor, lethargy

- Chronic: FTT, anemia, chronic diarrhea/emesis, malabsorption

27
Q

Timing of first dental visit

A

Within 6 months of first tooth eruption or by 12 months of age

28
Q

Age of consent for sexual activity in Canada

A 
12-13 = 2 year difference
14-15 = 5 year difference
16> = no age restriction, no authority or exploitation
29
Q

Definitions for FTT (x4)

A
  • Weight <3rd percentile
  • <3rd percentile with weight-for-length
  • Weight <80th percentile for ideal weight for age
  • Crossing x2 or more percentiles
30
Q

Why should we worry about an infant on exclusive goat milk?

A

Folic acid deficiency –> megaloblastic anemia

31
Q

4th leading cause of injury in children

A

FB ingestion + aspiration

32
Q

What age range would you expect to potentially see appetite decrease for a healthy child?

A

2-5 years

33
Q

Placement of ear in positional plagiocephaly

A
  • Unilateral occipital flattening

- Ipsilateral anterior displacement of ear

34
Q

First line for lice

A

1% permethrin - 2 treatments 7 days apart

35
Q

If ?refractory lice - what x2 things to consider and if indeed refractory what is the next tx step?

A
  • Mis-diagnosis or reinfestation after initial treatment

- Resultz - non-insecticidal agent

36
Q

Goal amount of iron in formula

A

6.5-13 mg/L

37
Q

For low BW infants who are primarily BF, what are the iron recommendations?

A
  • If BW <2.0kg = 2-3 mg/kg/day x12 months

- If BW 2.0-2.5kg = 1-2 mg/kg/day x6 months

38
Q

For low BW infants who are primarily formula fed, what are the iron recommendations?

A
  • If at least 10-12 mg/L of iron, then no supplementation required.
  • Otherwise, same as if BF.
39
Q

Prevention of iron deficiency anemia for newborns/infants

A
  • Delayed cord clamping
  • Iron rich food introduction at 6 months of age
  • Cow’s milk not until 12 months and only 500 mL/day
40
Q

Risk factors for iron deficiency anemia

A
  • Mother with iron deficiency or obesity
  • No delayed cord clamping
  • Preterm
  • Low BW <2500g
  • Male
  • Low SES, indigenous
  • Chronic infection
  • Lead exposure
41
Q

Nutritional deficiencies associated with a vegan diet

A
  • Iron
  • Zinc
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamin B12
  • Protein
  • Omega fatty acids
  • Calcium
42
Q

Side effects of septra

A
  • Renal + hepatic toxicity
  • BM suppression
  • Anaphylaxis
  • Urticaria
  • Drug eruption (SJS/TENS)
  • Hyperbili (neonates)
  • Photosensitivity

Royal Super 4th Year Brain (25 decks)

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