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Peds Boards 2021 > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for patient with multiple edematous, nonumbilicated papules on face, buttocks and extensors surfaces of extremities while sparing the trunk after a viral prodrome?

A

Papular Acrodermatitis of Childhood

Gianotti-Crosti syndrome

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2
Q

What infection is associated with papular acrodermatitis of childhood (Gianotti-Crosti syndrome) especially in immigrant children?

A

Hepatitis B

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3
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for patient presenting with hypopigmented, minimally scaly papules and plaques on chest and back with skin scraping showing short blunt ended hyphae and clusters of spores?

A

Malassezia

dx sphaghetti and meatball on skin scarping

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4
Q

What is the etiology results in tender, erythematous pustules in clusters along the bathing suit area after spending time in hot tub?

A 
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(Hot Tub Folliculitis)
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5
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for patient presenting with flushing (facial erythema), telangiectasia, papules and pustules without comedones and can have associated conjunctivitis usually in response to spicy food/ alcohol/ exposure to hot or cold weather?

A

Rosacea

treat with topical antibiotics- metronidazole

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6
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for patient with chronic dry hacking cough, eye manifestations (uveitis), lymphadenopathy, erythema nodosum, hepatosplenomegaly, and non-caseating granulomas?

A

Sarcoidosis

more common in African Americans

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7
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for patient being treated with oral antifungal for skin fungal infection who develops diffuse, symmetrical eczematous rash?

A 
Id Reaction (autoeczematization)
(tx: continue antifungal and add corticosteroids; not an allergic reaction to antifungal)
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8
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for patient with discrete drop like papules with pinkish hue on trunk and extremities sparing palms and soles and associated with fine, scaly appearance following streptococcal infection?

A

Guttate psoriasis

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9
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for newborn with slighted raised solitary hairless yellowish tan plaque on scalp that feels firm with velvety and oily texture?

A

Sebaceous Nevus

tx: full thickness excision

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10
Q

How is head lice transmitted?

A

Via direct head to head contact with hair of infected individual
(less common by sharing combs, etc)

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11
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for patient with asymptomatic, skin colored (or erythematous) annular plaques with firm border and central clearing located on extremity and not improved with topical antifungal?

A

Granuloma annulare

tx: self resolve, but can hasten with steroids

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12
Q

What is a potential treatment for Keratosis Pilaris (plugging of follicles by keratin located on upper arms and outer cheeks)?

A

can use topical creams containing lactic acid/ urea/ glycolic acid

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13
Q

What are possible side effects of isotretinoin used for acne? (5)

A
  1. photosensitivity
  2. arthralgia and myalgia
  3. bone marrow suppression
  4. hepatotoxicity
  5. pseudotumor cerebri (especially if given with tetracycline)

(requires blood work monitoring when using medication)

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14
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for African American newborn with vesiculopustular lesions on scalp, neck, chin, and trunk that ruptures into hyperpigmented macules and wright stain of lesion shows numerous neutrophils?

A

Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis

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15
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis and etiology for patient presenting with 1 week of fever, fatigue and cough then develops mucosal eruptions of the oral mucosa, lips, conjunctiva, and anogenital areas with few lesions elsewhere?

A

Mycoplasma induced rash and mucositis

due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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16
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for newborn presenting with multiple types of lesions including vesicles and bullae with eosinophilia but negative wright stain, warty/ verrucous lesions, and swirly brown bluish-gray pigmentation that first darkens then resolves and associated pegged teeth, nail changes and alopecia, and there is usually family history?

A

Incontinentia Pigmenti

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17
Q

What is the inheritance pattern of Incontinentia Pigmenti and what is a ophthalmic complication associated with it?

A

X-linked; retinal detachment

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18
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for a prepubertal female with vaginal soreness, vaginal itching, sharply demarcated whitish thinned and inflamed skin with associated ulceration and hemorrhage that can extend into the perianal area?

A

Lichen Sclerosis

tx: topical steroid

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19
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for patient presenting with glazed erythema of weight bearing surface of feet and toes with associated scaling and painful hyperkeratosis and fissures?

A

Juvenile Plantar Dermatosis

tx: emollient

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20
Q

What is most likely diagnosis for patient presenting with rapid progressing erythroderma with sloughing of skin especially with light touch (Nikolsky sign)?

A

TEN (toxic epidermal necrolysis)

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21
Q

What medications are associated with TEN (toxic epidermal necroslysis)?

A

Carbemazepine and Phenobarbital

22
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for patient presenting wtih isolated oval scaly pink patches (Herald patch) followed by multiple smaller scaly ovals distributed parallel to skin likes in Christmas tree pattern?

A

Pityriasis roscea

23
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis of patient with Africa decent who has red hair, reddish brown skin and eyes, multiple pigmented nevi, freckles, nystagmus, photophobia and decreased visual acuity?

A

Rufus Oculocutaneous albinism

24
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for infant presenting with blistering skin in setting of little to no trauma (especially in neonate born to untreated GBS positive status mother)?

A

Epidermolysis bullosa

dx: skin biopsy

25
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for patient presenting with chronic relapsing follicular occlusion resulting in painful, deep seated round nodules in body hair areas (axilla, groin, etc)?

A

Hidradenitis suppurativa

26
Q

What is the treatment for hidradenitis and suppurativa?

A

Spironolactone

27
Q

What is a possible neurologic complication associated with isotretinoin use for acne?

A

pseudotumor cerebri

28
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis is associated with smooth, non erythematous circular patches of nonscarring alopecia with complete hair loss on scalp with associated pitted nails?

A

Alopecia areata

29
Q

What is the treatment of alopecia areata?

A

intra-lesional corticosteroids

30
Q

What is the next best step in management for infant aged 2-4 months who develops acne lesions?

A

measure 17 hydroxyprogesterone levels

can be associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, adrenal tumors or precocious puberty

31
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for child with progressive ataxia, slurred speech, recurrent sinopulmonary infection, and ocular telangiectasias (developing between 2-6 years old)?

A

Ataxia Telangiectasia

32
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for patient presenting with bluish-gray irregular patchy pigmentation of face in ophthalmic/ maxillary distribution along the trigeminal nerve?

A

Nevus Of Ota

33
Q

What is a complication of Nevus of Ota?

A

glaucoma and hemangiomas of optic disc

34
Q

what is a complication of long term topical steroid use?

A

telangiectasias and skin thinning

35
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for patient presenting with dry plate like (fish like) scales over extensor surfaces of extremities with associated hyperlinear palms and attenuated skin markings?

A

Ichthyosis vulgaris

36
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for patient presenting with erythema nodosum (tender pretibial nodules), oral or genital aphthous ulcers, uveitis/ blindness and positive pathergy test (papule after needle insertion)?

A

Behcet disease

37
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for adolescent (likely sexually active who presents with conjunctivitis, arthritis, urethritis with inflamed hyperkeratotoic whitish plaque on glans penis, HLA-B27 positive and abnormal urinalysis?

A

Reactive Arthritis

38
Q

… is localized/ generalized reddish violaceous or bluish purple mottling in reticulated pattern associated with limb hypoplasia

A

Cutis Marmorata Telangiectasia Congenita

associated with Sturge Weber and Klippel Trenaunay syndromes

39
Q

… is sudden onset non-inflammatory hair loss without scarring that can occur with treatment of migraines with …

A

telogen effluvium; propanolol

tx: reassurance

40
Q

What disorder is more common in patients with porphyria cutanea tarda (vesicles on sun exposed areas)?

A

Hepatitis C

41
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis of immunocompormised patient presenting with eczema like heavily crusted thick scaly papules and plaques on extremities, hands , feet and scalp?

A

Crusted (Norwegian) Scabies

tx: permethrin

42
Q

How do you diagnosis Crusted (Norwegian) scabies?

A

mineral oil exam of skin scrapings

43
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for patient presenting with burning erythema followed by blisters that is distributed in linear or handwriting pattern after contact with certain plant oils?

A

Phytophotodermatitis

contact with carrots, celery, limes, lemon, mangoes, mustard

44
Q

What is the next step in management of patient with lesion described as cafe-au -lait spot with development of coarse dark hair on lesion 12-24 months later?

A

Cosmetic Removal if desired

Becker Nevus

45
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for patient with symmetrically distributed patches or edematous plaques with dusky centers giving targetoid appearance? And what disorder likely preceded?

A

Erythema Multiforme; HSV infection

46
Q

What is the most common cause of complete heart block in neonate?

A

Neonatal lupus erythematosus

47
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for patient less than 10 years old presenting with large tense clear/ hemorrhagic bullae abruptly forming annular lesions resembling string of pearl surrounding central crust and skin biopsy showing linear IgA deposition in basement membrane?

A

IgA bullous dermatosis

48
Q

What is the treatment for IgA bullous Dermatosis?

A

Dapsone

49
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for patient with prolonged course of chicken pox like lesions and what is the treatment?

A

PLEVA; oral erythromycin or tetracycline

50
Q

What three lab tests should be monitored when patient is being treated with isotretinoin?

A
  1. cholesterol
  2. LFT
  3. CBC
51
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for young girl with sharply demarcated, intense erythema of the vulvar area and serous vaginal discharge in setting of vaginal discomfort and painful urination?

A

Streptococcal vaginitis

52
Q

What is the most likely diagnosis for patient presenting with telangiectasia of oral mucosa, recurrent epistaxis (especially at night), other bleeding diathesis (pulmonary hemorrhage, GI bleed, or intracranial bleeding) with other family members having similar abnormalities?

A

Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia

Osler- Weber- Rendu syndrome

Peds Boards 2021 (22 decks)

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