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Pediatrics Board ⭐️ > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Pustules of erythema toxicum contain

A

Eosinophils (reassurance)

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2
Q

Pustules of transient neonatal pustular melanosis contain

A

Neutrophils (reassurance)

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3
Q

Newborn with white papules on the hard palate

A

Epstein pearls (reassurance)

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4
Q

Newborn with pinhead white papules on the face

A

Milia (reassurance)

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5
Q

Newborn with white papules on the upper gums

A

Bohn nodules (reassurance)

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6
Q

An infant with small papules and pustules on the forehead, nose, and cheeks and an absence of comedones.

A

Neonatal acne (resolves without treatment)

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7
Q

Newborn with blistering and erosions of the skin. May have mucous membrane and nail involvement. Infection has been ruled out

A

Epidermolysis bullosa

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8
Q

What is the best diagnostic test for epidermolysis bullosa?

A

Skin biopsy of an induced blister or genetic testing

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9
Q

Well-defined erythematous plaques on the knees and elbows, covered with silvery scales, bleed when removed, pitting of the nails

A

Psoriasis

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10
Q

Child with ulcerative colitis presents with bright red, tender nodules on the anterior leg

A

Erythema nodosum

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11
Q

Erythematous, scaly plaques in periorificial and acral areas, alopecia, and diarrhea

A

Acrodermatitis enteropathica (zinc deficiency)

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12
Q

A 2-year-old boy with fever, fragile blisters, and denuded skin, predominantly affecting the flexures and perioral skin

A

Staph scalded skin syndrome (SSSS)

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13
Q

Adolescent boy with a history of cold sores presents with targetoid papules, distributed acrally, and hemorrhagic crusting of the lips

A

Erythema multiforme

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14
Q

Child is taking penicillin for a dental abscess, developed macules, papules, vesicles, bullae, and ulcerations on 8% of the body surface area. Sloughing, blistering, and ulceration around the lips, eyes, and genitalia are also present

A

Stevens–Johnson syndrome

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15
Q

Most common virus that triggers erythema multiforme

A

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)

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16
Q

Poorly defined, hypopigmented rough macules and patches on the cheeks

A

Pityriasis alba

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17
Q

Adolescent with oval scaly papules and plaques on the trunk that run parallel to skin cleavage lines

A

Pityriasis rosea

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18
Q

Adolescent boy with hypopigmented scaly lesions on the neck, chest, and back that worsen with sun exposure

A

Tinea versicolor

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19
Q

What is the cause of tinea versicolor?

A

Malassezia furfur

20
Q

Child with an itchy rash affecting both feet. Exam shows scaling, fissuring, and maceration in the interdigital spaces. What is the best treatment?

A

Topical antifungal cream, e.g., terbinafine cream

21
Q

Child with one bald spot on the scalp with scale and “black-dot” hairs (the remnants of broken hairs within follicles). What is the best treatment?

A

Oral antifungal

22
Q

Child with one bald spot on the scalp with no associated scale or redness. What is the best treatment?

A

Reassurance or topical steroids (alopecia areata)

23
Q

A young child with diffuse thinning of the hair on the scalp after undergoing major surgery 3months prior

A

Telogen effluvium

24
Q

Condition with pegged-shaped teeth, prominent ears, small chin, frontal bossing, absence of sweating with associated overheating

A

Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia

25
Q

Female neonate with blistering and/or hyperpigmentation of the skin in a blaschkoid distribution. May be associated with eye and neurologic abnormalities

A

Incontinentia pigmenti (X-linked dominant)

26
Q

Fish-like scaling of the body, sparing flexural areas, with corneal opacities and history of cryptorchidism

A

X-linked recessive ichthyosis

27
Q

Extremities are covered with fine, irregular, polygonal scales, hyperlinear palms; worse with dry weather and during winter, family history of “dry skin”

A

Ichthyosis vulgaris

28
Q

Erythematous, scaly, itchy plaques in the antecubital and popliteal fossae, older brother with asthma

A

Atopic dermatitis

29
Q

A 3-year-old boy was exposed to poison ivy while playing in the garden. He developed itchy linear streaks of vesicles on both arms. What is the best treatment?

A

Topical steroids (Rhus dermatitis)

30
Q

What is the most important recommendation for all cases of contact dermatitis?

A

Avoidance of triggering agents

31
Q

Folliculocentric papules with central keratinous debris on the upper arms and thighs

A

Keratosis pilaris

32
Q

Unilateral, irregular brown to blue-gray pigmentation of the neck, shoulder, supraclavicular, deltoid, and/or upper arm skin. May darken at puberty

A

Nevus of Ito

33
Q

Unilateral, irregular, blue-gray discoloration in the periorbital area and sclera (Ocular)

A

Nevus of Ota

34
Q

A nevus of Ota involving the sclera requires monitoring by ophthalmology due to increased risk of

A

Glaucoma >ocular melanoma

35
Q

Large congenital nevi likely carry an increased risk of what type of cancer?

A

Melanoma

36
Q

Child is going to the beach for swimming and parents are concerned about sunburn. How would you counsel the family about sunscreen use?

A

Apply SPF 30 or greater sunscreen 15–30min before sun exposure, reapply every 2h

37
Q

Large facial port-wine stain involving V1, seizures, and glaucoma

A

Sturge–Weber syndrome

38
Q

Posterior fossa malformations (Dandy–Walker), hemangiomas, arterial anomalies, cardiac defects (e.g., coarctation of the aorta), and eye abnormalities

A

PHACE syndrome

39
Q

An infant with a large hemangioma on the upper eyelid is at risk for

A

Amblyopia

40
Q

What is the best treatment for a hemangioma on the upper eyelid that obstructs the visual axis?

A

Oral propranolol

41
Q

Annular plaque without scale not responding to topical antifungals

A

Granuloma annulare

42
Q

An infant with orange to brown macules and papules that become red and swollen when stroked

A

Urticaria pigmentosa (cutaneous mastocytosis)

43
Q

An infant with a 4-month history of seborrheic dermatitis-like rash on the scalp, behind the ears, and in the diaper area not responsive to topical antifungals or steroid cream

A

Langerhans cell histiocytosis

44
Q

A 12-year-old boy with learning disabilities and seizure disorder presents with persistent papules on the face despite acne treatment. He is also found to have hypopigmented skin lesions on the exam

A

Tuberous sclerosis

45
Q

A 10-month-old with light brown macules and small patches on the body. How many café-au-lait macules should raise concern for neurofibromatosis?

A

Six

46
Q

What is the treatment for head lice?

A

Permethrin 1% liquid; 2 treatments spaced 1week apart

47
Q

What is the treatment for scabies?

A

Permethrin 5% cream; 2 treatments spaced 1week apart

Pediatrics Board ⭐️ (30 decks)

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