Dermatological Therapeutics - Evanson

Question 1

What layer is referred to as the “bricks and mortar” of the skin?

Answer 1

stratum corneum

Question 2

Some helpful qualities of corticosteroids?

Answer 2

Anti-inflammatory
Immunosuppressive
Anti-proliferative
Vasoconstrictive

Question 3

ADverse effects of corticosteroids?

Answer 3

SKIN ATROPHY, striae, acne, suppression of the HPA axis

Question 4

What do retinoids do?

Answer 4

Actions: Regulate cell growth, inhibit carcinogenesis, alter enzymes involved with cellular differentiation.

Uses: acne, psoriasis, cosmetic skin improvement.

A.Effects: dryness, irritation, sun sensitivity.

Question 5

What does calcipotriene used for?

Answer 5

A vitamin D analog that slows excessive skin cell production

Uses: psoriasis, eczema

Question 6

What do Topical Calcineurin Inhibitors do?

Answer 6

“nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories”
tacrolimus(Protopic) pimicrolimus(Elidel)

Inhibits T-cell activation to dampen the body’s inflammatoy response

A.E. : irritation or burning.

Question 7

What type of UV rays are beginning to be blocked better by sunscreens?

Answer 7

UVA (New products with avobenzone, helioplex, and mexoryl)

Other cool new stuff has titanium dioxide and zinc oxide to actually reflect sunlight!

Question 8

What can you use Imiquimod and 5-FU for?

Answer 8

Precancerous spots of actinic keratosis

Imiquimod - increases local immune activity
5-Fluorouracil - reduces DNA synthesis

Question 9

Important side effects of systemic retinoids?

Answer 9

TERATOGEN!
dryness
hyperlipidemia
depression
arthralgia

Question 10

What is dapsone good for?

Answer 10

leprosy treatment
lupus
spider bites

Any neutrophil diseases (blocks neutrophils)

Question 11

What is the action of methotrexate?

Answer 11

Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor - blocks cell divisions through stopping DNA synthesis

Use it for psoriasis and lupus

Watch out for bone marrow suppression, hepatotoxicity

Question 12

What is the newest generation of systemic therapy for psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis etc…

Appear to be safe for the long-term

Answer 12

biological therapy

Bio-enginnered proteins to disrupt immune system

Question 13

What is minoxidil used for?

Answer 13

Rogaine!

Vasdilation and direct stimulation of hair shft growth in cases of alopecia

Question 14

What do you use finasteride for?

Answer 14

For androgenic alopecia

basically converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone in hair follicles

Question 15

What is the term used for stress hair loss?

Answer 15

Telogen effluvium

Premature shift from anagen cycle to telogen
pregnancy, surgery, fever, diet can cause it

Question 16

What is alopecia areata?

Answer 16

Autoimmune disease in which t-cells attack the hair bulbs
Usually patches from scalp or beard
CAN be totalis(all scalp) or universalis(whole body)

Question 17

What do you call the disorder when you have hair-thinnning as a complication of a medication or medical problem?

Answer 17

Secondary Alopecia

Causes: Chemo, Meds, Thyroid Disease, Iron deficiency, nutritional probs, renal/hepatic failure

Question 18

What is pediculosis?

Answer 18

Lice!

Question 19

What is paronychia?

Answer 19

Inflammation of the nail folds

Could be infectious or non-infectious

Question 20

What do you use UV light therapy for?

Answer 20

IT is anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive

reduces langerhans cells and leukocytes