Dermatological Lesions Flashcards
What are nonpalpable, flat changes in skin color; small, ≤ 1 cm?
Macules
What are nonpalpable, flat changes in skin color; larger, > 1 cm?
Patches
What are palpable, elevated solid masses; small, ≤ 0.5 cm?
Papules
What are palpable, elevated solid masses; larger, > 0.5 cm (can be a coalescence of papules)?
Plaques
What are palpable, elevated solid masses; 0.5-2.0 cm (deeper and firmer than papule)?
Nodules
What are palpable, elevated solid masses nodule > 2 cm?
Tumors
What are palpable, elevated solid masses localized skin edema, irregular, transient, superficial, variable size?
Wheals
What are superficial elevations formed by fluid within a cavity or between tissue layers ≤ 0.5 cm (serous filled)?
Vesicles
What are superficial elevations formed by fluid within a cavity or between tissue layers vesicle > 0.5 cm?
Bullae
What are superficial elevations formed by fluid w/in cavity or between tissue layers any size, filled with purulent?
Pustules
What does DERMATOLOGICAL stand for?
D: Describe integrity E: Edema R: Review sensory status M: Moisture A: Atrophic changes T: Turgor, texture O: Observe nail and hair quality L: Look and feel for color and temperature variation O: Observe skin folds and between toes G: Gerontodermatological changes I: Inquire about allergies and PMH C: Callus A: Assess vascular status L: Lesions
What is is called when skin is thickened?
lichenification
What are pruritic edematous pink or red wheals; “hives”. Can be acute or chronic and are commonly associated with foods, medications, exposure to allergens, or chemicals.
Urticaria
What is chronic, recurrent inflammatory disease that has an unknown causes and tends to cause round, erythematous, dry, scaling plaques covered by silvery white scales
Psoriasis
What is is when patients present with xerosis, poorly defined patches/papules/plaques with out without scales, kins appears edematous, excoriations due to pruritis/constant scratching?
Eczema (endogenous)
What is similar to eczema but exogenous?
Dermatitis
What does ABCDE stand for?
Asymmetrical, Border, Color, Diameter, Elevation or Evolution
What is the most common benign epithelial tumor?
Seborrheic keratosis
What is another name for cutaneous papillomas or fibromas?
Skin tags
What are button-like nodules, commonly found on extremities, that present with a positive “dimple sign”?
Dermatofibroma
What is the most common type of skin cancer that presents as small, pink or flesh colored nodules that enlarge over time?
Basal cell carcinoma
What is a malignant tumor of the outer epidermis that presents as scaly, elevated lesions with irregular borders and shallow central ulcers?
Squamous cell carcinoma
What is a rapidly progressing metastatic melanocyte cancer that presents with irregular borders, uneven surfaces, and black or brown is a red/inflamed/tender surrounding area?
Malignant melanoma
What is a malignancy of cells lining blood vessels that is linked with herpes virus and HIV that beings as an ecchymotic-like macule and evolves into papules, plaques, nodules, and tumors of varying colors?
Kaposi’s sarcoma
