Dermatitis Flashcards
What is contact allergic dermatitis
A type 4 hypersensitivity reaction caused by contact exposure to an allergen
Presentation of contact allergic dermatitis
Onset 24-72hrs in a previously sensitised individual
Sparing of non-exposed areas - often sharp cut off where allergen ends
Itch
Burning
Erythema
Vesicles & bullae
Ix for suspected contact allergic dermatitis
Diagnostic - Patch testing
Consider skin biopsy
Histological appearance of contact allergic dermatitis
Spongiotic dermatitis
Tx of contact allergic dermatitis
- Topical Corticosteroids - appropriate for severity
2. Calcineurin inhibitors
Mild TCS
Hydrocortisone 0.1%
Moderate TCS
Modrasone Clobetasone Butyrate
Potent TCS
Betamethasone Valerate
Very potent TCS
Clobetasol
Examples of calcineurin inhibitors
Tacrolimus topical
Pimecrolimus topical
What is contact irritant dermatitis
A non-specific physical irritation rather than a specific allergic reaction
Presentation of contact irritant dermatitis
Occurs within mins-hours of a severe irritant
Itch
Burning
Erythema
Vesicles & bullae
Tx of contact irritant dermatitis
Same for contact allergic - topical corticosteroid appropriate for severity
Side effects of topical corticosteroids
skin thinning
purpura
stretch marks
What is eczema herpeticum
Severe primary infection of the skin by herpes simplex virus 1 or 2
Presentation of eczema herpeticum
Monomorphic punched out lesions
++ pain
blistering
Buttocks/face
Tx of eczema herpeticum
Admit to hospital urgently for IV aciclovir - lethal
What group of people are most at risk of eczema herpeticum
Babies
What is seborrhoeic dermatitis /cause
a chronic dermatitis caused by an inflammatory reaction related to a proliferation fo a normal skin fungus inhabitant - Malassezia furfur
Presentation of seborrhoeic dermatitis
eczematous lesions in sebum rich areas - scalp, periorbital, nasolabial folds
+/- otitis media
+/- blepharitis
Ix for seborrhoeic dermatitis
clinical diagnosis
Tx of seborrhoeic dermatitis
Scalp -
- T-gel
- Ketoconazole
Face and body -
- Topical antifungal - Ketoconazole
- Topical steroids (only for short time)
what is pompholyx eczema also known as
dyshidriotic dermatitis
What is pompholyx eczema
chronic relapsing-remitting vesicular eruption on the palms and soles of the feet
Tx pompholyx eczema
Topical corticosteroids
Oral corticosteroids
Ix for pompholyx eczema
clinical diagnosis
