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Pathology 1st aid > Derm Path > Flashcards

Derm Path Flashcards

1
Q

Excessive Fibrosis and collagen deposition

absence of wrinkles

puffy/taut skin

A

Scleroderma

Systemic Sclerosis

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2
Q

Scleroderma seen in what organ systems other than derm?

A

Renal
Pulmonary
Cardio
GI

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3
Q

COD of scleroderma

A

Pulmonary fibrosis/collagen deposition

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4
Q

Scleroderma with:
Widespread skin involvement
rapid progression
early visceral involvement

A

Diffuse Scleroderma

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5
Q

Diffuse Scleroderma Ab

A

Scl-70 Ab

anti-DNA topoisomerase I Ab

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6
Q

CREST Syndrome

A 
Calcinosis
Raynaud's
Esophageal dysmotility
Sclerodatyly
Telangiectasia

Limited skin involvement to face/fingers

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7
Q

CREST syndrome Ab

A

anti-Centromere

C for CREST

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8
Q

Thickening of stratum corneum

A

hyperkeratosis

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9
Q

hyperkeratosis with retention of nuclei in stratum corneum

A

parakeratosis

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10
Q

separation of epidermal cells

A

acanthylosis

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11
Q

epidermal hyperplasia of spinosum

A

acanthosis

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12
Q

Melasma

A

hyperpigmentation of pregnancy

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13
Q

Vitiligo

A

Irregular areas of complete depigmentation

DECREASED # of MELANOCYTES

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14
Q

Albinism

A

NORMAL # OF MELANOCYTES

Decreased melanin production due to decreased TK activity

Failure of neural crest cells to migrate

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15
Q

Koilocytosis
Epidermal hyperplasia
hyperkeratosis

soft tan colored cauliflower-like papules

A

Verrucae

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16
Q

Verrucae cause

A

HSV

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17
Q

Condyloma accuminata

A

Genital warts

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18
Q

Melanocytic Nevus

A

Mole

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19
Q

Papular mole

A

Intradermal nevus

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20
Q

flat macule (mole)

A

Junctional Nevus

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21
Q

Urticaria

A

Wheals after mast cell degranulation

Hives

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22
Q

Ephelis

A

Freckle

Normal # of melanocytes
Inc. melanin

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23
Q

Atopic Dermatitis

A

Eczema

face during infancy
Antecubital fossa

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24
Q

Linear rash

A

Allergic Contact dermatitis

Type IV hypersensitivity

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25
Q

Papules and plaques with silvery scaling

knee/elbows

Acanthosis with parakeratotic scaling

A

Psoriasis

Increased spinosum
Decreased granulosum

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26
Q

Auspitz sign

A

Pinpoint bleeding from dermal paplillae exposed when scales scraped off

psoriasis finding

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27
Q

Flat, greasy pigmented squamous epithelial proliferation

Keratin Filled Cysts

Head, trunk, extremities

A

Seborrheic Keratosis

28
Q

Leser-Trelat Sign

A

Sudden appearance of multiple seborrheic keratoses

Indicative of underlying malignancy (GI, Lymph)

29
Q

Nikolsky’s Sign

A

separation of epidermis upon manual stroking of skin

30
Q

Pemphigus Vulgaris

A

IgG Ab against DESMOGLEIN 3 of desmosomes

Acantholysis intraepidermal bullae –> flaccid blister

IF:
Ab around epidermal cells in reticular/netlike pattern

Positive Nikolsky’s Sign

INVOLVES ORAL MUCOSA

can be fatal

31
Q

Bullous Pemphigoid

A

IgG against HEMIDESMOSOMES in epidermal basement membrane

Negative Nikolsky

SPARES ORAL MUCOSA

Tense blisters

32
Q

IgA deposits at tips of dermal papillae

pruritic papules, vesicles, bullae

Celiac Sprue

A

Dermatitis Herpetiformis

33
Q

Multiple lesion types–macules, papules, vesicles, target lesions

A

Erythema Multiforme

34
Q

Erythema Multiforme associated with

A

Infections
Rx
Cancer
autoimmune

35
Q

Fever
bulla formation
sloughing of skin
high mortality rate

associated with Rx Rxn

A

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

36
Q

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome that comvers >30% of body

A

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

37
Q

symmetrical hyperpigmented velvety thickening of skin on neck or axilla

Epidermal hyperplasia

A

Acanthosis Nigracans

38
Q

Acanthosis Nigracans associated with

A

Hyperinsulinemia (diabetes, obesity, Cushing’s Syndrome)

Visceral malignancy

39
Q

Premalignant lesion from sun exposure

small, rough, erythematous/brown papules or plaques

A

Actinic Keratosis

40
Q

Actinic Keratosis increased risk of

A

Squamous Cell CA

Proportional to degree of dysplasia

41
Q

Inflammatory lesions of Sub-Q fat

A

Erythema Nodosum

42
Q

Erythema Nodosum associated with

A 
Sarcoidosis
Coccidiodomycosis
histoplasmosis
TB/Leprosy
Strep
Crohn's
43
Q

Pruritic, purple, polygonal planar paplules and plaques

Sawtooth infiltarte of lymphocytes at dermal-epidermal jnx

A

Lichen Planus

44
Q

Lichen Planus associated with

45
Q

Heral Patch –> Christmas Tree light pattern days later

Multiple plaques iwth collarette scale

A

Pityriasis rosea

46
Q

UV rays and effects of skin

A

UVA–tanning and photoaging

UVB–Sunburn –> cancers

47
Q

Cancers associated with sunburn

A

Basal Cell CA
Sq. Cell CA
Melanoma

48
Q

Impetigo bugs

A

S. aureus

Strep pyogenes

49
Q

Bullous impetigo bug

A

Staph aureus

50
Q

Acute painful spreading infxn of dermis and Sub-Q tissues

A

Cellulitis

Staph aureus
Strep pyogenes

51
Q

Crepitus at lesion
Deep dissue injury
bullae and purple color
pain out of proportion with lesion

A

Necrotizing Fasciitis

52
Q

Necrotizing Fasciitis bugs

A

anaerobics

S. pyogenes

53
Q

What causes crepitus with Necrotizing Fasciitis?

A

methane and CO2 production of bacteria eating tissue

54
Q

Fever
Geralized erythematous rash with sloughing of upper layers of dermis
no scars

A

Staph Scalded Skin Syndrome

Staph Aureus

55
Q

Pathophys of SSSS

A

Exotoxin destroys keratinocyte attachments in stratum granulosum only

56
Q

White, painless plaques on tongue that cannot be scraped off

HIV+

A

Hairy Leukoplakia

EBV mediated in IC pts.

57
Q

1 skin cancer

A

Basal cell CA

58
Q 
Palisading nuclei
pink pearly nodules
telangietasias
rolled borders
crusting ulcerations
Non-Healing ulcer or scaling plaque
A

Basal Cell CA

Sun exposed area

59
Q

Spread of Skin Cancers

A

BCC and SCC rarely metastasize

Melanom–mets to distant areas

60
Q

Keratin Pearls
Ulcerative red lesions with frequent scale
Sun exposed areas

A

Squamous Cell CA of Skin

61
Q

Keratoacanthoma

A

Variant of SCC of skin

regresses spontaneously

rapid growth over 4-6 weeks

62
Q

Squamous Cell CA of skin precurser

A

Actinic Keratosis

63
Q

Melanom Tumor marker

64
Q

Melanoma risk of mets determined by

A

Depth of invasion

65
Q

Melanoma mutation

A

BRAF Kinase

66
Q

Vemerafenib

A

BRAF Kinase inh.

used for BRAF V600E melanoma

Pathology 1st aid (11 decks)

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