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Summative Review > Derm Buzzwords/general > Flashcards

Derm Buzzwords/general Flashcards

1
Q

erythematous papules, pustules, and cysts

A

acne vulgaris

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2
Q

atrophic scars on forehead

A

acne vulgaris

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3
Q

open comedones

A

blackheads aka incomplete blockage

*acne vulgairs

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4
Q

closed comedones

A

whiteheads—complete blockage

*acne vulgaris

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5
Q

comedones + small amounts of papules +/- pustules

A

mild acne vulgaris

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6
Q

comedones, larger amounts of papules +/- pustules

A

moderate acne vulgaris

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7
Q

nodular (>5mm) or cystic papules/pustules

A

severe acne vulgaris cystic

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8
Q

MC on the face of women 30-50 YO

A

rosacea

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9
Q

triggers for rosacea

A 
ETOH 
hot/cold weather 
hot drinks 
spicy foods 
sun exposure
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10
Q

acne-like rash–>+ papulopustules AND centrofacial erythema

No open comedones (blackheads)

A

rosacea

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11
Q

facial flushing

A

rosacea

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12
Q

telangiectasis

A

rosacea

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13
Q

skin coarsening with burning and stining

A

rosacea

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14
Q

Rhinophyma

A

rosacea

**cutaenous edema

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15
Q

differentiate rosacea from

  1. acne vulgaris
  2. facial seborrhea
A
  1. lack of blackheads

2. presence of telangiectases

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16
Q

telangiectasia, flushing, papules, and pustules

A

rosacea

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17
Q

pimples in armpit that are itchy and painful

A

folliculitis

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18
Q

MC etiology for folliculitis

A

staph aureus

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19
Q

Small, white-headed pimples appear around the hair follicles. They may itch or burn

A

folliculitis

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20
Q

MCC of hot tub folliculitis

A

pseudomonas aeruginosa

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21
Q

type IV hypersensitivity rxn of skin

A
  1. erythema multiforme
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22
Q

RF for erythema multiforme (3)

**MC? MC in kids?

A

VIRAL PRODROME:
MC= HSV adults
MC kids= Mycoplasma spp
*can also be strep pneumoniae

MEDICATIONS

  • sulfa drugs
  • beta-lactams
  • phenytoin
  • phenobarb

DZ PROCESSES

  • CA
  • autoimmune
  • idiopathic
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23
Q

target lesions

A

erythema multiforme

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24
Q

target lesions with a dusky, central area or blister

A

erythema multiforme

25
Q

dark red inflammatory zone surrounded by a pale ring of edema and an erythematous halo on extreme periphery of lesion

A

erythema multiforme

26
Q

NEGATIVE nikolsky sign

A

**no epidermal detachement*

erythema multiforme

27
Q

detachement of the epidermis and extensive necrosis

A

SJS and TEN

28
Q

sloughing of skin involivng <10% of body surface

A

SJS

29
Q

sloughing of skin involivng <30% of body surface

A

TEN

30
Q

RF for SJS and TEN (2)

MC?

A

MEDICATIONS

  1. **MC=sulfa drugs and anticonvulsants–Lamotrigine
  2. *****Allopurinol—treats gout
  3. NSAIDs
  4. antipsychotics
  5. abx

INFECTIONS (less common)

  1. mycoplasma pneumo
  2. HIV
  3. HSV

OTHERS

  • malignancy
  • idiopathic
31
Q

widespread flaccid bullae

A

SJS or TEN

32
Q

where do the bullae for SJS and TEN start

A

trunk + face

33
Q

erythematous macules with puripuric centers

A

SJS or TEN

34
Q

POSITIVE nikolsky signn

A
  1. SJS or TEN
35
Q

true or false:

SJS or TEN can cause occular and pulmonary involvement

A

TRUE

  • can spread to cornea— corneal ulceration or uveitis
  • can spread to bronchus— bronchitis or pneumonia
36
Q

what is alopecia Areata commonly associated with

A

other autoimmune disorders–thyroid, addisons dz, SLE

37
Q

smooth, discrete circular patches of complete hair loss that develop over a PD of WEEKS

  • pain
  • pruritis
A

alopecia Areata

38
Q

exclamation point hairs

A

alopecia Areata
**short hair that broken off a few mm from scalp with tapering near the proximal shaft
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

39
Q

can hair regrow with alopecia Areata?

A

sometimes— it will appear as fine thin white hair

40
Q

what other derm finding is common with alopecia Areata

A

nail pitting
nail fissuring
tachyonychia

41
Q

nail pitting or fissuring

A
  1. alopecia Areata
42
Q

definitive diagnosis for alopecia Areata

A

punch biopsy

43
Q

punch biopsy shows: peribulbar lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrates surrounding the follciles

A

alopecia Areata

44
Q

MC type of hair loss in men and women

A

androgenetic alopecia

45
Q

key androgen in androgenetic alopecia

A

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)

46
Q

nonscarring hair loss

A

both types of alopecia

47
Q

in males, where does hair loss start with androgenetic alopecia
-women?

A

bitemporal thinning of frontal scalp—->mvoes to vertex=MEN

women=thinning of hair b/w frontal and vertex of scalp w/o affecting the frontal hairline

48
Q

MC cause of onychomycosis

A

dermatophyte– esp T. rubrum (50%)

49
Q

RF for onychomycosis (5)

A
  1. increasing age
  2. tinea pedia
  3. psoriasis
  4. occlusive shoes
  5. immunodeficient
50
Q

opaque nail that is thickened discolored and/or cracked

A

onychomycosis

51
Q

where does onychomycosis MC occur

A

on big toe

52
Q

what is essential to do prior to tx of onychomycosis?

A

confirmtion or RO fungal infection as cause

—>KOH

53
Q

most sensitive test for onychomycosis

A

periodic acid-schiff test

54
Q

nail infection caused by fungi

A

onychomycosis

55
Q

nail infection involving lateral and proximal nail folds

A

paronychia

56
Q

MCC of paronychia

-other etiologies

A

Staph aureus

OTHERS:

  • GAS
  • oral flora if nail biters
  • candida sp= chronic
57
Q

RF for paronychia

A
  1. nail biter
  2. dishwasher
  3. cuticle damage—- manicure
  4. ingrown nails

anything that can cause penetrating skin trauma*

58
Q

painful
red
swollen
around proximal or lateral nail folds at cuticle

A

paronychia

Summative Review (9 decks)

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