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Finals > Derm > Flashcards

Derm Flashcards

1
Q

First-line management for hyperhidrosis?

A

Topical aluminium chloride

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2
Q

Most accurate way of measuring TBSA for burns?

A

Lund and Browder chart

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3
Q

Wallace’s rule of Nines

A 
head + neck = 9%
each arm = 9%
each anterior leg = 9%
each posterior leg = 9%
anterior abdomen = 9%
posterior abdomen = 9%

Note: not accurate > 15% TBSA

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4
Q

TBSA of palmar surface?

A

1%

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5
Q

When would you refer burns to secondary care? (6)

A
  • all deep dermal and full-thickness burns.
  • superficial dermal burns of more than 3% TBSA in adults, or more than 2% TBSA in children
  • superficial dermal burns involving the face, hands, feet, perineum, genitalia, or any flexure, or circumferential burns of the limbs, torso, or neck
  • any inhalation injury
  • any electrical or chemical burn injury
  • suspicion of non-accidental injury
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6
Q

Which rash is commonly associated with HSV?

A

Erythema multiforme

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7
Q

Which drugs cause erythema multiforme?

A 
penicillin
sulphonamides
carbamazepine
allopurinol
NSAIDs
oral contraceptive pill
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8
Q

Which drug can exacerbate psoriasis?

A

Lithium

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9
Q

Initial management of actinic keratoses?

A

Topical fluorouracil cream

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10
Q

Strep throat then rash 2-4 weeks later?

A

Guttate psoriasis

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11
Q

Appearance of pityriasis rosea v. guttate psoriasis?

A

PR –> herald-patch then fir tree, erythematous + scaly lesions

GP –> ‘tear drop’ papules on trunk + limbs

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12
Q

When should IV fluids be given for burns?

A

Second/third degree > 15% (superficial dermal + partial thickness or more)

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13
Q

Eczema herpeticum - management

A

Hospital for IV acyclovir

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14
Q

Lichenoid drug eruptions caused by?

A

gold
quinine
thiazides

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15
Q

Lichen planus - initial management?

A

Topical steroids

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16
Q

Seborrheic dermatitis - first-line management?

A

OTC preparations containing zinc pyrithione + tar

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17
Q

Rash - hypopigmented and more obvious after sun tanning

A

Pityriasis versicolor

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18
Q

Formula to calculate volume of IV fluids needed in first 24 hour in burns?

A

Parkland formula

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19
Q

Skin manifestations of SLE

A

photosensitive ‘butterfly’ rash
discoid lupus
alopecia
livedo reticularis: net-like rash

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20
Q

Well-demarcated patch marks of hair loss in younger woman with peripheral “exclamation point” short broken hairs

A

Alopecia areata

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21
Q

Lesion initially a smooth dome-shaped papule –> rapidly grows to become a crater centrally-filled with keratin

Diagnosis?

A

Keratoacanthoma

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22
Q

Lichen sclerosus - initial management

A

topical clobetasol propionate

23
Q

Sounds like acne but wrong age group

A

Acne rosacea

24
Q

Acne rosacea, mild/moderate - management?

A

Topical metronidazole

25
Q

Acne rosacea, severe/resistant - management?

A

Oral tetracycline

26
Q

Bullous pemphigoid - management?

A

Oral corticosteroids

27
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma in an area with chronic inflammation?

A

Marjolin’s ulcer

28
Q

Which derm cancer has increased risk in immunocompromised?

A

SCC

29
Q

Young girl (17) with lanugo - common cause?

A

Malnutrition

30
Q

Burns –> haematemesis + Shock

A

Curling’s ulcer

31
Q

Severe hirsutism - management?

A

co-cyprindiol

32
Q

Erythema multiforme + mucosal involvement?

A

Erythema multiforme major

33
Q

What are the skin appendages?

A

Hair follicle, sebaceous gland, apocrine / eccrine sweat glands, nail

34
Q

What comprises the pilosebaceous unit?

A

Hair follicle, sebaceous gland, arrector pili muscle

35
Q

What cells are found in the epidermis?

A

Keratinocytes, melanocytes, Langerhans cells, Merkel cells

36
Q

Psoriasis is unresponsive to conventional treatment - next step of management?

A

Topical retinoids

37
Q

Causes of onycholysis

A 
Skin disease
Systemic disease
Infection
Trauma
Idiopathic
38
Q

What is koilonychia?

A

Spooning of nails, seen in IDA

39
Q

Which drug can cause generalised alopecia?

A

Warfarin

40
Q

What type of HS is contact dermatitis?

A

Type IV

41
Q

Causes of pyoderma gangrenosum?

A

UC + Crohn’s
RA
Idiopathic

42
Q

Management of pyoderma gangrenosum?

A

High dose steroids

Non-adherent dressings

43
Q

What condition is associated with lupus pernio?

A

Sarcoidosis

44
Q

What is pellagra?

A

From deficiency of B3 (niacin/nicotinic acid)

Dermatitis, diarrhoea, dementia

45
Q

‘apple jelly’ nodules

A

lupus vulgaris

cutaneous manifestation of TB

46
Q

Cause of molluscum contagiosum?

A

Pox virus

47
Q

Buzzwords - violaceous, polygonal, popular eruption on flexor aspects

A

Lichen planus

48
Q

Function of Apo C-II?

A

Co-factor of lipoprotein lipase

49
Q

Function of lipoprotein lipase?

A

Hydrolyses triglyceride in chylomicrons and VLDLs

50
Q

Consequence of apo C-II deficiency?

A

elevated chylomicrons and VLDL

51
Q

Bullous pemphigoid affects:

desmosome
hemidesmosome
zonula occludens
zonula adherens
gap junction
A

hemidesmosome

52
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris affects:

desmosome
hemidesmosome
zonula occludens
zonula adherens
gap junction
A

desmosome

53
Q

Erythematous rash on face + telangiectasia?

A

Pityriasis rosea

Finals (19 decks)

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