Resp

Question 1

After weight loss, treatment for moderate / severe obstructive sleep apnoea?

Answer 1

Overnight CPAP

Question 2

Differential diagnoses for early postoperative shortness of breath?

Answer 2

Atelectasis
Pneumonia
Pulmonary embolism

Question 3

Best investigation for early postoperative shortness of breath?

Answer 3

CXR

Question 4

Indications for thoracotomy in haemothorax?

Answer 4

> 1.5L initial blood loss

> 200ml per hour for >2 hours

Question 5

Large pleural effusion drained –> breathless - diagnosis?

Answer 5

re-expansion pulmonary oedema

Question 6

What NON-obstructive lung diseases can be caused by smoking?

Answer 6

Desquamative interstitial pneumonia
Respiratory bronchiolitis-associated interstitial lung disease
Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis

Question 7

Pathology of RB-ILD?

Answer 7

Clusters of pigmented macrophages in intraluminal and peribronchial areas

Question 8

What is seen on CT scan of RB-ILD?

Answer 8

Centrilobular nodules with ground-glass atttenuation

Question 9

Indications for thrombolysis in PE

Answer 9

1. Systolic <90 despite fluid resus (or drop by >40)
2. Immeninent or actual cardiac arrest
3. Presence of right heart thrombus

Question 10

Patient not quite indicated for thrombolysis in PE - Rx?

Answer 10

LMWH / iv heparin

Question 11

What are maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures used to investigate?

Answer 11

Respiratory muscle weakness, eg in NMJ disorders

Question 12

Which anti-tuberculous drugs cause vitamin D deficiency?

Answer 12

Rifampicin

Isoniazid

Question 13

How does rifampicin cause VDD?

Answer 13

Induction of P450

Question 14

How does isoniazid cause VDD?

Answer 14

Inhibition of hepatic 25-hydroxylase