Cardio

Question 1

Symptomatic bradycardia management

Answer 1

“All Trained Dogs Eat Iams”:

Atropine, Transcutaneous pacing, Dopamine, Epinephrine, and Isoproterenol, given in that order

Question 2

First line to prevent angina attacks?

Answer 2

beta blockers

CCBs

Question 3

Commonest association for aortic dissection?

Answer 3

Hypertension

Question 4

In CVP, “a” wave is due to

Answer 4

atrial contraction

Question 5

In CVP, “c” wave is due to

Answer 5

transmitted pulsation from carotid arteries, OR

bulging of TV into RA

Question 6

In CVP, “v” wave is due to

Answer 6

rise in atrial pressure before tricuspid opening

Question 7

In CVP, “x” descent is due to

Answer 7

atrial relaxation

Question 8

In CVP, “y” descent is due to

Answer 8

atrial emptying as blood enters the ventricle

Question 9

CVP in atrial fibrillation

Answer 9

no “a” wave seen

Question 10

CVP in tricuspid stenosis

Answer 10

enlarged “a” wave

Question 11

CVP in tricuspid regurgitation

Answer 11

enlarged “v” wave

Question 12

Causes of dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 12

Toxins –> alcohol, anthracyclines
Viral infection –> Coxsacki, parvovirus B19, HIV
Chagas’ disease –> trypanosome in central/south America
Rare genetic mutations

Question 13

AAI pacemaker

Answer 13

Paces the atria

Used in sinus node dysfunction with intact AV conduction

Question 14

VVI pacemaker

Answer 14

Pacing occurs in ventricles

Used in atrial flutter and AF

Question 15

DDD pacemaker

Answer 15

paces both atria and ventricles

Used in second degree heart block, etc