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Step 1 > Derm > Flashcards

Derm Flashcards

1
Q

loss of ______ promotes metastasis

A

E-cadherin

adherens junction connects actin cytoskeletons of adjacnt cells with Cadherins

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2
Q

Californians Like Girls in String Bikinis

A 
Corneum (KERATIN)
Lucidum
Granulosum, 
Spinosum (DESMOSOME)
Basale (stem cell)
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3
Q

Hemidesmosome connects ______ in basal cells to underlying basement membranes. Auto-Ab =

A 
Keratin
Bullous Pemphigoid (antihemidesmosome)
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4
Q

Desmosome (macula adherens): Structural suppor via _______. Auto-Ab =

A 
Kertain
Pemphigus Vulgaris (Anti-desmoglein or desmosome)
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5
Q

Connexins vs Claudins/occludins

A 
Connexin = Gap J(x) (increased in labor)
Claudins = Tight j9X) = paracellular barrier
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6
Q

Normal _________ with decreased ______ = Albinism. Decrease tyrosinase/tyrosine transport. Failure of neural crest cell migration

A

Normal melanocyte #

Decreased melanin production

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7
Q

Autoimmune destruction of melanocytes = irregular areas of complete depigmentation like Sonali’s brother

A

Vitiligo

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8
Q

Papules/plaques with silvery scales (knee/elbow)
Auspitz sign: pinpoint bleeding when scales scraped off

Increased Spinosum
Decreased Granulosum
Parakeratotic scaling (nuclei in stratum corneum)

A

Psoriasis

  • ->ass. with nail pitting and psoriatic arthritis (JOINT DISEASE BRUH BRUH)
  • ->When you’re on your knees and elbows, you look More Sexual and Less Gr-anul-oss
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9
Q

Leser-Trelat sign: sudden apperance of multiple suborrheic keratoses, indicates _________

A

underlying malignancy (GI/lymphoid)

Suborrheic keratoses = looks stuck on; flat pigmented greasy epithelial prolif w/keratin

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10
Q

Sawtooth apperance of lymphocytes at dermal-epidermal j(x); associated with Hep C

A

Lichen Planus

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11
Q

Pruritis, Purple, Plygonal, Planar, Papules, Plaques

A

Lichen Planus

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12
Q

White painless plaques on tongue that can not be scraped off

A

Hairy Leukoplakia –> EBV

occurs in HIV+ or organ-transplant pt

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13
Q

Separation of epidermis upon manual stroking of skin

A

Nikolsky Sign
+ in Pemphigus vulgaris “Spread Nikoles Pussy Vagina”
(also seen In Staph Scalded Skin Syndrome: Staph got Scolded for Eating Nikoles Pussy at work)

  • in Bullous Pemphigoid
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14
Q

Necrotizing fasciitis (flesh-eating bacteria). Causes bullae and purple color to the skin

A

Strep Pyogenes (or anaerobic bacteria)

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15
Q

causes of Steven Johnson

A

Anti-epileptics (LAMOTRIGINE, ethosuxamide, phenytoin, carbamazepine)

Allopurinol

Sulfa Drugs: Probenicid, Furosemide, Acetazolimide, Celecoxib, Sulfasalazine, Sulfonylurea, Sulfonamides

Penicillin

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16
Q

Prodrome of flu/fever followed by rapid onset of bullae/necrosis and sloughing of skin

A

Steven Johnson

more severe form = Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

17
Q

Epidermal hyperplasia –>symmetric hyperpigmented thickinenig of skin

Ass. with hyperinsulinemia (diabetes/Cushing) or visceral malignancy

A

Acanthosis Nigricans (especially in armpits)

18
Q

Involves Oral Mucosa: PV or BP?

A

Pemphigus Vulgaris . Pour Vino into your mouth.

19
Q

rough lesions (sandpaper) felt by patient

A

Actinic Keratosis (premalignant; SUN EXPOSURE)

20
Q

Pretty much painful inflam on anterior shins (“subq fat)

A

Erythema nodosum. Associated with like any fucking infection esp the systemic fungi, crohns, and sarcoid

21
Q

Most common Skin Cancer

A

Basal Cell Carcinoma>Squamous–>both associated with sun exposure; neither metastasize (unlike melanoma)

BCC: Pseudopalisading nuclei; commonly with telangiectasias and ulcerations

SCC: On face, low lip, ears. Keratin Pearls
(Actinic Keratosis = precursor)

22
Q

Melanoma (

A 
Significant metastasis risk; Sun exposure; fair skinned ppl at increased risk
S-100 tumor marker
Asymmetry 
Border irregularity
Color variation
Diameter >6mm
Evolution over time
23
Q

4 types of melanoma

A

Nodular
LENTIGO MALIGNA
ACRAL LENTIGINOUS
Superficial Spreading

24
Q

Melanoma mutation and tx

A

BRAF Kinase activating mutation: Pts with the BRAF V600E mutation give VEMURAFENIB (Braf Kinase Inhibitor)

Main melanoma tx = excision with wide margins

25
Q

Staph Aureus Scalded Skin Syndrome vs Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

A

SSS: Sloughing of epidermims because exotoxin destroys keratinocyte attachments in STRATUM GRANULOSUM ONLY. More common in newborns and children, because they would say its So Gross.

TEN: Entire Epidermal-dermal junction destroyed (part of steven johnson)

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