Derm Flashcards
Identify; When does this onset and regress? ; Describe composition
Capillary Hemangioma; Birth - 6 mo and regresses by 7 yo. ; Small Capillaries that BLANCHES on pressure
What causes Purulent cellulitis
Staph A
What causes NONPurulent cellulitis
GASP
Between flexor and extensor, which is more involved with Eczema Atopic Dermatitis
Flexor
If superimposed with HSV –> Eczema Herpeticum which –> hemorrhagic crusting
Rash description: scaly, erythematous, pruritic rash with a raised border and central clearing ; tx?-2
Tinea Corporis (ringworm)
Tx = topical clotrimazole or topical terbinafine
Dx = KOH of skin scrapings
Dx ; Demographic?
Non Blanching Blue Grey Sacral patches
Mongolian Spot dermal melanocytosis (fade during childhood) ; Pretty much every race except white lol
- These should be NON-Tender*
- Often described on test as Non Blanching Blue Grey Sacral Patches*
Dx
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Most common skin cancer in immunocompromised patients
How do Corticosteroids affect the skin?
causes Drug induced Monomorphic papular ACNE
Dx ; Management?
Basal Cell Carcinoma
rarely metastasizes but can locally invade so –> Mohs surgical removal
How do you confirm diagnosis for this? ; Treatment?
Bullous Pemphigoid
bx showing IgG and C3 deposits at basement membrane ; high potency topical CTS
Lipomas and Epidermal inclusion cyst can both present as painless benign nodules
How do you differentiate the two? - 3
- EIC resolves spontaneously and can come back. Lipoma don’t resolve w/out surgery!
- EIC are FIRM vs Lipoma which is soft rubbery
- EIC may drain cheesey white discharge +/-
Describe a Dermatofibroma
benign fibroblast proliferation that forms hyperpigmented nodule usually on LE that causes center dimpling when pinched
Dx
Ichthyosis Vulgaris
- diffuse dermal scaling resembling fish or reptile scales, MUCH WORST than eczema*
- tx = topical retinoids*
Which dermatologic condition is Hepatitis C associated with?
Porphyria cutanea tarda with skin fragility and photosensitivity
also associated with EtOH and OCPs
Dx
Seborrheic Keratosis
benign epidermal tumor of mid to elderly pts that presents with brown STUCK ON round lesions
Dx
Lichen Planus
Papules flat topped, pruritic, planar, polygonal
Which antibiotic is most associated with phototoxic drug eruptions?
Tetracyclines
especially in sun-exposed areas
What type of cellular reaction is respondible for Allergic Contact Dermatitis?
erythematous papules and vesicles
T cell mediated Type 4 hypersensitivity
MOD for Lentigo ; demographic?
intraepidermal melanocyte hyperplasia that –> EVEN pigmentation ; elderly
How should you work up melanoma?
excisional bx with initial margins of 1-3 mm of normal tissue also
cp for Rosacea - 4 ; What are the common triggers?-4
- central face erythema
- facial flushing
- burning
- telangiectasia
hot drinks, EtOH, emotion, heat
Rosacea can –> Permanent Flushed skin!
Description of Seborrheic Dermatitis ; Tx?
erythematous plaques with an oily greasy scaling of the scalp, eyelids, nasolabial folds and postauricular areas ; nonmedicated shampoo
tx for comedonal noninflammatory acne
Topical Retinoids
Use Benzoyl Peroxide for inflammatory acne
Dx? ; Tx?-2
Tinea versicolor Malassezia ; selenium sulfide or ketoconazole
salmon colored hypo or hyperpigmented macules that appears more readily after sun exposure since surrounding skin is tanned
SQC is the most common Cancer of the lower lip
What would microscopy show for SQC?
Squamous cells with KERATIN PEARLS
What does microscopy for Apthous Ulcer Canker Sores show?
Fibrin coated ulcerations with underlying mononuclear infiltrates
Contact Dermatitis or Urticaria?
Contact Dermatitis
Erythematous papules and vesicles
Contact Dermatitis or Urticaria?
Urticaria
Causes = infection, NSAIDs, IgE, radiocontrast
well circumscribed raised erythematous plaques with central pallor
etx for Pemphigus Vulgaris ; cp?-2
IgG autoantibodies against desmogleins (adheres epidermal keratinocytes) ;
- Flaccid Bullae WITH
- Mucosal Erosions
This is associated with Nikolsky sign (light rubbing of skin separates epidermis)
cp for Mild Drug Allergy - 2 ; What type of hypersensitivity reaction is this?
- Urticaria
- Pruritus without systemic symptoms
Type 1 IgE Hypersensitivity reaction
Hidradenitis Suppurativa Acne Inversa etx ; cp?
chronic recurring inflammatory occlusion of the FolliculoPiloSebaceous units –>
Painful intertriginous nodules that can –> abscess and scarring
What are the risk factors for Hidradenitis Suppurativa Acne Inversa? - 5
- DM
- Obesity
- Smoking
- Mechanical stress (friction, pressure)
- Fam hx
Painful intertriginous nodules that can –> abscess and scarring
What is the Diagnosis? ; What is the major risk factor for this condition?
Actinic Keratosis (precursor to Squamous Cell Carcinoma) ; SUN
tx = Fluorouracil
Diagnosis? ; Tx?-2
Tinea Capitis Dermatophytosis ;
- Griseofulvin PO
- Terbinafine PO
What type of hypersensitivity is Nickel allergy?
T cell mediated Type 4 hypersensitivity
Diagnosis?
Psoriasis
Describe the symptom manifestation for Pityriasis Rosea
initial lesion Herald patch progresses into many oval plaques that follow the cleaveage lines of the trunk
What is a Marjolin Ulcer?
SCC that comes from wound or burn and has higher risk for metastasis
Tx for Keloids
Intralesional CTS
What is the Diagnosis? ; Tx?
Actinic Keratosis (precursor to Squamous Cell Carcinoma) ; SUN
tx = Fluorouracil (also used in Bowen SCC insitu)
What is the step wise approach to treating Acne Vulgaris
Treating Bad Acne Is vulgar
1st: Topical Retinoids with salicylic acid = Comedonal Acne
2nd: add Benzoyl peroxide = Inflammatory Acne
3rd: add Antibiotics (Topical before Oral) - erythromycin, clindamycin = Inflammatory Acne
3rd: add Isotretinoin PO = Nodular Cystic Acne
