Depressive Disorders Flashcards
what are the disorders included in the category of Depressive Disorders?
- disruptive mood dysregulation disorder,
- major depressive disorder (including major depressive episode),
- persistent depressive disorder,
- premenstrual dysphoric disorder
what is the criteria for Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
Criterion A. Severe recurrent temper outbursts manifested verbally (e.g., verbal rages) and/or behaviorally (e.g., physical aggression toward people or property) that are grossly out of proportion in intensity or duration to the situation or provocation.
Criterion B. The temper outbursts are inconsistent with developmental level.
Criterion C. The temper outbursts occur, on average, three or more times per week.
Criterion D. The mood between temper outbursts is persistently irritable or angry most of the day, nearly every day, and is observable by others (e.g., parents, teachers, peers).
Criterion E. Criteria A–D have been present for 12 or more months. Throughout that time, the individual has not had a period lasting 3 or more consecutive months without all of the symptoms in Criteria A–D.
Criterion F. Criteria A and D are present in at least two of three settings (i.e., at home, at school, with peers) and are severe in at least one of these.
Criterion G. The diagnosis should not be made for the first time before age 6 years or after age 18 years.
Criterion H. By history or observation, the age at onset of Criteria A–E is before 10 years.
Criterion I. There has never been a distinct period lasting more than 1 day during which the full symptom criteria, except duration, for a manic or hypomanic episode, have been met.
Note: Developmentally appropriate mood elevation, such as occurs in the
context of a highly positive event or its anticipation, should not be considered as a symptom of mania or hypomania.
what is the diagnostic criteria for Major Depressive Disorder?
Criterion A. Five (or more) of the following symptoms have been present during the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous functioning; at least one of the symptoms is either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure.
Note: Do not include symptoms that are clearly attributable to another medical condition.
1. Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day, as indicated by either
subjective report (e.g., feels sad, empty, hopeless) or observation made by
others (e.g., appears tearful). (Note: In children and adolescents, can be
an irritable mood.)
2. Markedly diminished interest or pleasure in all, or almost all, activities most of the day, nearly every day (as indicated by either subjective account or observation).
3. Significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain (e.g., a change of
more than 5% of body weight in a month), or decrease or increase in appetite nearly every day. (Note: In children, consider failure to make expected weight gain.)
4. Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day.
5. Psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day (observable by others, not merely subjective feelings of restlessness or being slowed down).
6. Fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day.
7. Feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt (which may be delusional) nearly every day (not merely self-reproach or guilt about being sick).
8. Diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day (either by subjective account or as observed by others).
9. Recurrent thoughts of death (not just fear of dying), recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt or a specific plan for committing suicide.
Criterion B. The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
Criterion C. The episode is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or another medical condition.
Note: Criteria A–C represent a major depressive episode.
what is the diagnostic criteria for Persistent Depressive Disorder
Criterion A. Depressed mood for most of the day, for more days than not, as indicated by either subjective account or observation by others, for at least 2 years.
Note: In children and adolescents, mood can be irritable and duration must be at least 1 year.
Criterion B. Presence, while depressed, of two (or more) of the following:
1. Poor appetite or overeating.
2. Insomnia or hypersomnia.
3. Low energy or fatigue.
4. Low self-esteem.
5. Poor concentration or difficulty making decisions.
6. Feelings of hopelessness.
Criterion C. During the 2-year period (1 year for children or adolescents) of the disturbance, the individual has never been without the symptoms in Criteria A and B for more than 2 months at a time.
what is the diagnostic criteria for Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
Criterion A. In the majority of menstrual cycles, at least five symptoms must be present in the
final week before the onset of menses, start to improve within a few days after
the onset of menses, and become minimal or absent in the week postmenses.
Criterion B. One (or more) of the following symptoms must be present:
1. Marked affective lability (e.g., mood swings; feeling suddenly sad or tearful, or increased sensitivity to rejection).
2. Marked irritability or anger or increased interpersonal conflicts.
3. Marked depressed mood, feelings of hopelessness, or self-deprecating
thoughts.
4. Marked anxiety, tension, and/or feelings of being keyed up or on edge.
Criterion C. One (or more) of the following symptoms must additionally be present, to reach a total of five symptoms when combined with symptoms from Criterion B above.
1. Decreased interest in usual activities (e.g., work, school, friends, hobbies).
2. Subjective difficulty in concentration.
3. Lethargy, easy fatigability, or marked lack of energy.
4. Marked change in appetite; overeating; or specific food cravings.
5. Hypersomnia or insomnia.
6. A sense of being overwhelmed or out of control.
7. Physical symptoms such as breast tenderness or swelling, joint or muscle
pain, a sensation of “bloating,” or weight gain.
Note: The symptoms in Criteria A–C must have been met for most menstrual cycles that occurred in the preceding year.
Criterion D. The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or interference with work, school, usual social activities, or relationships with others (e.g., avoidance of social activities; decreased productivity and efficiency at work, school, or home).
