Depolarization and Repolarization

Question 1

when a neuron is not being stimulated but is still working to maintain this state

Answer 1

resting state

Question 2

Which ion has a higher concentration inside the cell membrane

Answer 2

K, potassium

Question 3

Which ion is more concentrated outside the cell membrane

Answer 3

Na, sodium

Question 4

Specialized molecule that pumps Na and K ions

Answer 4

sodium potassium pump

Question 5

electrical difference in charges across the membrane

Answer 5

resting membrane potential

Question 6

the net negative charge of the neuron is where

Answer 6

the inside

Question 7

what maintains the negatively charged resting membrane potential

Answer 7

sodium potassium pump

Question 8

when a set of specific steps occur, after a neuron is stimulated by an impulse from an adjoining neuron or from a specific type of external stimulus

Answer 8

depolarizing

Question 9

during depolarizing this channel opens and these ions flow through the open channel by passive diffusion

Answer 9

sodium

Question 10

refers to the sodium channel opening and the sudden influx of many sodium ions into the cell

Answer 10

depolarization

Question 11

during depolarization, the inside of the neuron goes to what net charge

Answer 11

positive

Question 12

significant change in electric charge from negative to positive

Answer 12

action potential

Question 13

when do sodium channels snap shut and specialized potassium channels open up

Answer 13

during repolarization

Question 14

change of the cell’s charge back toward net negative resting membrane potential

Answer 14

repolarization

Question 15

what is the difference between the end of repolarization and the resting state and how is the difference corrected

Answer 15

Na and K are the opposite sides
the sodium potassium pump moves the misplaced ions back to their original location

Question 16

when the stimulus is strong enough to cause a complete depolarization, causes the cell to depolarize or “fire”

Answer 16

threshold

Question 17

a stimulus of sufficient intensity to generate a nerve impulse

Answer 17

threshold stimulus

Question 18

conducted along a nerve fiber by the “flipping” of the electrical charges across the cell membrane (depolarizing), followed quickly by the “unflipping” of electric charges (repolarizing)

Answer 18

nerve impulse

Question 19

The process of the nerve impulse, stimulates the adjacent area of the cell membrane in what direction - to flip and unflip, which stimulates the adjacent area, and so on

Answer 19

of impulse conduction

Question 20

the flipping and unflipping of charges that happen as the impulse passes by is also known as

Answer 20

depolarization and repolarization

Question 21

either the complete neuron depolarizes to its max strength or it does not depolarize at all

Answer 21

all or nothing principle

Question 22

a very brief period during and after a neuron has generated a nerve impulses, it cannot generate another impulse

Answer 22

refractory period

Question 23

during the refractory period the neuron is ______ to new stimuli, until it recovers from the previous nerve impulse

Answer 23

insensitive

Question 24

the period of sodium influx and early potassium outflow is a part of the refractory period during which no stimulus, no matter how strong, can cause the cell to depolarize again

Answer 24

absolute refractory period

Question 25

if a very strong stimulus comes during the tail end of the time the membrane is repolarizing and restoring the resting membrane potential, it may be possible to stimulate another depolarization. The cell may depolarize again if the stimulus is much stronger than normal.

Answer 25

relative refractory period

Question 26

depolarization in myelinated axons can only take place at the gaps in the myeline sheath that occur where

Answer 26

nodes of Ranvier

Question 27

the accelerated rate of depolarization, rapid means of conducting an action potential

Answer 27

saltatory conduction