Autonomic nervous system

Question 1

two divisions of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 1

sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 2

this division emerges from the thoracic and lumbar vertebral regions in the back

often referred to as the THORACOLUMBAR SYSTEM

Answer 2

sympathetic nervous system

Question 3

this division emerges from the brain and the sacral vertebral regions

often referred to as the CRANIAL-SACRAL SYSTEM

Answer 3

parasympathetic nervous system

Question 4

what is the sequence of efferent motor nerves that make up the chain in both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 4

preganglionic neuron > ganglion > postganglionic neuron

Question 5

a cluster of neuronal cell bodies outside of the CNS

Answer 5

ganglion

Question 6

neuron that has its cell body in the brain or spinal cord and extends its axon out from the CNS to a cluster of neuronal cell bodies outside of the CNS

neuron that is before the ganglion

Answer 6

preganglionic

Question 7

neuron that carries the impulse from the ganglia to the target organ

Answer 7

postganglionic

Question 8

the sympathetic preganglionic neuron extends out from the spinal cord and either synapses with a neuron within the ganglion chain or passes through the ganglion chain and synapses with what?

explains why sympathetic nervous system responses are usually spread throughout the body and involve several organs simultaneously

Answer 8

a neuron located beyond the sympathetic chain

Question 9

which part of the sympathetic ganglion chain is the longest

Answer 9

postganglionic neuron

Question 10

parasympathetic preganglionic neurons originates from what two locations

Answer 10

brain and sacral region of the spinal cord

Question 11

this system helps the body cope with emergency situations

Answer 11

sympathetic nervous system

Question 12

brings the body back to a resting state, facilitates all the processes that will replace body resources used up during the emergency

rest and restore system

Answer 12

parasympathetic nervous system

Question 13

sympathetic nervous system primarily uses this neurotransmitter at the postganglionic synapse

Answer 13

norepinephrine and epinephrine

Question 14

neurons that are released by norepinephrine

Answer 14

adrenergic neurons

Question 15

epinephrine and norepinephrine come from where

this location acts as a cluster of adrenergic neurons

Answer 15

the medulla of the adrenal gland

Question 16

what are the three adrenergic receptors for epinephrine or norepinephrine

Answer 16

alpha1-adrenergic receptor
beta1-adrenergic receptor
beta2-adrenergic receptor

Question 17

receptor typically found on blood vessels and cause the vasocontraction of the skin, GI tract and kidney

Answer 17

alpha1-adrenergic receptor

Question 18

stimulation of this receptor increases heart rate and force of contraction

Answer 18

beta1-adrenergic receptor

Question 19

this receptor is associated with bronchodilation

Answer 19

beta2-adrenergic receptor

Question 20

parasympathetic nervous system primarily uses this neurotransmitter at the preganglionic synapse

Answer 20

acetylcholine

Question 21

neurons released by acetylcholine

Answer 21

cholinergic neurons

Question 22

two types of acetylcholine receptors

Answer 22

nicotinic and muscarinic

Question 23

this receptor is associated with the neuromuscular junction

Answer 23

nicotinic receptors

Question 24

this receptor is found on the target organs and tissue supplied be the postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 24

muscarinic receptors

Question 25

parasympathetic nervous system primarily uses this neurotransmitter at the postganglionic synapse

Answer 25

acetylcholine