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Vet Nursing > Dentition > Flashcards

Dentition Flashcards

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1
Q

What have brachyodont teeth?

A

Humans, carnivores, pigs

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2
Q

What have hypsodont teeth?

A

Horses, rodents, lagomorphs

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3
Q

Most mammals are diphyodont, what are the two sets of teeth this includes?

A

1st set- Deciduous

2nd set- permanent

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4
Q

When do deciduous teeth start to appear?

A

2-4 weeks of age

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5
Q

When are deciduous teeth completed?

A

8 weeks

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6
Q

Eruption of permanent incisors in dogs?

A

4-5 months

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7
Q

Eruption of permanent canine teeth in dogs?

A

5-6 months of age

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8
Q

Eruption of permanent premolar teeth in dogs?

A

4-5 months of age

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9
Q

Eruption of permanent molar teeth in dogs?

A

6-7 months of age

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10
Q

How many teeth do dogs and cats have?

A

Dogs - 42

Cats - 30

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11
Q

What is the dental formula for dogs?

A

2 ( I 3/3, C 1/1. PM 4/4, M 2/3)

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12
Q

What is the dental formula for cats?

A

2 ( I 3/3, C 1/1, PM 3/2, M 1/1 )

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13
Q

In the Triadan system of naming teeth, the 100 series are where?

A

Maxillary right quadrant

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14
Q

In the Triadan system, where are the 200 series teeth found?

A

Maxillary left quadrant

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15
Q

In the Triadan system, where are the 300 series teeth found?

A

Mandibular in left quadrant

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16
Q

In the Triadan system, where are the 400 series teeth found?

A

Mandibular right quadrant

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17
Q

What permanent teeth have 1 root?

A

Incisors, canine, premolar 1

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18
Q

What permanent teeth have 2 roots?

A

Premolar 2&3

Premolar 4

Molar 1, 2, 3

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19
Q

What is the largest tooth?

A

Carnassial teeth

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20
Q

What specific teeth are the carnassial teeth?

A

Fourth upper premolar and First lower premolar

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21
Q

Describe normal occlusion

A

Upper incisors close just in front of lower incisors

Upper fourth premolar should come to the outside of the first lower molar.

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22
Q

Asymmetrical Skeletal Maloclussion, AKA Wry mouth, is indicated when?

A

Elongation of half of the head

Jaw is under or over shot

Only effects one side or the other

Can be genetic or from trauma

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23
Q

Extra permanent teeth are also known as what?

A

Supernumerary teeth

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24
Q

Term for missing teeth

A

Adontia

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25
Q

Term for teeth that do not line up

A

Malocclusions

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26
Q

Term for when the upper jaw is longer than the lower jaw; overshot

A

Brachygnathism

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27
Q

Term for when the mandible is longer than the maxilla; under bite

A

Prognathism

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28
Q

Term for the portion above the gum line covered by enamel

A

crown

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29
Q

The hardest substance in the body

A

Enamel

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30
Q

Soft tissues of the tooth

A

Pulp

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31
Q

Substance of the tooth that is sensitive to heat/cold

A

Dentin

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32
Q

Branching or fork like part of the tooth

A

Furcation

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33
Q

Portion of the tooth that is attached to alveolar bone by the periodontal ligament

A

Cementum

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34
Q

Most terminal portion of the root

A

Apex

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35
Q

Periodontium, the tissues that surround the teeth consists of what?

A

Gingiva and periodontal ligament

36
Q

Functions to hold the tooth in the socket; shock absorber

A

Periodontal ligament

37
Q

A dense bone which surrounds roots within 1-2 mm of the cementoenamel junction

A

Alveolar bone (tooth socket)

38
Q

Calcified tissue covering the tooth root, provides attachment for periodontal ligament fibers to the tooth

A

Cementum

39
Q

Space created when the gingival margin is reflected away from the tooth surface

A

Gingival sulcus

40
Q

Normal gingival sulcus for healthy dogs

A

1-3 mm

41
Q

Normal gingival sulcus for healthy cats

A

0.5-1 mm

42
Q

Meaning, in the direction of the tip of the root

A

Apical

43
Q

Meaning in the direction of the tip of the crown

A

Coronal

44
Q

Prominence on the occlusal surface of the tooth

A

Cusp

45
Q

Surface tooth that faces opposite jaw

A

Occlusal

46
Q

Facing toward the midline

A

Mesial

47
Q

Inflammation of structures around teeth

A

Periodontitis/Periodontal disease

48
Q

Initiating factor of Periodontal disease

A

Bacterial plaque

49
Q

Caused by apical migration and destruction of the epithelial attachment

A

Periodontal pockets (Sulcus >4mm)

50
Q

What are the signs of grade 1, or initial stage, of periodontal disease?

A

Reversible gingivitis

Gingiva inflamed or bleeds easily

Minimal plaque and calculus accumulation

51
Q

Treatment for Grade 1 Periodontal disease?

A

Dental prophy

Home care

Excellent prognosis

52
Q

What are the signs of early lesion, Grade 2 periodontal disease?

A

Moderate gingivitis

Increased gingival inflammation, causes rounded gingival margin

Greater amounts of plaque and calculus

53
Q

Treatment for Grade 2 Periodontal disease?

A

Mechanical scaling

Polishing, irrigation, fluoride treatment

Home care/good prognosis

54
Q

What are the signs of Grade 3, Established lesion?

A

Severe gingivitis with bleeding on probing

Acute inflammation

Red/purple rounded gingival margins

Early peridontal pocket formation

Moderate accumulation of plaque and calculus

55
Q

Treatment for Grade 3 Periodontal Disease

A

Supra and Sub gingival scaling

Polishing, irrigation, fluoride treatment

Subgingival culturette

Extractions

Guarded prognosis

56
Q

What are the signs of Grade IV, advanced periodontal disease

A

Severe inflammation

Bone loss evident on radiographs

Deep pocket formations

Receding gums

57
Q

Treatment for Grade IV Periodontal disease?

A

Supra and subgingival scaling

Polishing, irrigation, fluoride treatment

Subgingival culturette

Extractions

Guarded-long term prognosis

58
Q

What is the prognosis of gingivitis vs periodontal disease?

A

Gingivitis is reversible, periodontal disease can only be slowed down

59
Q

How is tooth mobility rated?

A

Grade I - slight movement

Grade II - Moderate tooth movement of 1 mm

Grade III - Marked tooth movement more than 1 mm

60
Q

What are three benefits of fluoride treatment?

A

Antibacterial agent

Desensitize

Strengthens tooth

61
Q

A benign growth thought to arise from periodontal ligament, appears on gingiva

A

Epulis

62
Q

Second most common tumor; red and irregular lesions

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

63
Q

Purple or reddish teeth indicate what?

A

Pulpitis, active inflammation due to injury or trauma

64
Q

Gray discoloration indicates what?

A

Advanced pulpal necrosis, evaluate for endodonic treatment

65
Q

Bright yellow discoloration indicates what?

A

Tetracycline treatment

66
Q

What breed is most effected by gingival hyperplasia?

A

Boxers

67
Q

Nontumorous lesion of the soft tissue

A

Gingival hyperplasia

68
Q

Inflammation of the soft tissue of the oral cavity

A

Stomatitis

69
Q

Signs of gingival hyperplasia

A

Thickening and proliferation of the gingiva as a result of chronic inflammation

70
Q

What are some causes of stomatitis?

A

Foreign bodies, chemical or electrical burns, immune-related causes

71
Q

Chemical agents used for the prevention and removal of plaque

A

Dentrifices

72
Q

Used for treatment of periodontal disease with pockets

A

Doxycycline/Doxirobe Gel

73
Q

The study and treatment of inside the tooth

A

Endodontics

74
Q

What does the pulp consist of?

A

Nerves, blood vessels, lymphatics, connective tissue

75
Q

What is the most important part for the development of teeth in young animals?

A

Dental pulp

76
Q

Treatment options for endodontic disease?

A

Age of animal

Duration of disease

Anatomy of tooth

77
Q

Most common causes for endodontal disease?

A

Pulp exposures from fractured teeth, dental abrasions, attrition

78
Q

Calibrated in mm to measure defects below gum line (gingival sulcus depth)

A

Probe

79
Q

Has a curved end and is used to detect defects above or below the gum line

A

Explorer

80
Q

Used supragingivally to remove calculus, thin and triangular with 2 cutting edges

A

Scaler

81
Q

Short blade used supra and subgingivally to remove tartar

A

“Hoe/Tartar scraper”

82
Q

Thin spoon shaped instrument used for deep scraping, supra and subgingivally to remove calculus

A

Curette

83
Q

Loosens teeth by rupturing the periodontal ligament

A

Dental elevator

84
Q

Used for the elevation of the gingiva and mucosa for access to the alveolar bone during tooth extraction, periodontal therapy and oral surgery

A

Periosteal elevator

85
Q

Fine grade stone to maintain smoother cutting edges, removes less metal

A

Arkansas stone

Vet Nursing (5 decks)

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