DENTISTY - Dental Charting

Question 1

What is the canine dental formula?

Answer 1

3-1-4-2 / 3-1-4-3

Question 2

What is the feline dental formula?

Answer 2

3-1-3-1 / 3-1-2-1

Question 3

How do you label equine teeth using the Triadan System?

Answer 3

The Triadan System describes each tooth using three digits, with the first digit referring to the quadrant in which the tooth is located. 1 refers to the upper right, 2 refers to the upper left, 3 refers to the lower left and 4 refers to the lower right

Canine dental chart on the left and feline dental chart on the right

Question 4

What should be done prior to beginning dental charting?

Answer 4

Inspect the lips, mucosa, oropharynx and tongue and note any abnormalities

Question 5

What are the steps involved in dental charting?

Answer 5

1. Note any missing or extra teeth, discolouration or fractures and assess the periodontal structures
2. Calculus index
3. Gingival index
4. Probing
5. Peridontal disease staging

Question 6

Which symbol should you use to mark a fractured tooth in dental charting?

Answer 6

Use a hashtag # to mark a fractured tooth on the dental chart

Question 7

Which symbol should you use to mark a missing tooth in dental charting?

Answer 7

Colour in the tooth to mark a missing tooth on the dental chart

Question 8

Which symbol should you use to mark a planned extraction of a tooth in dental charting?

Answer 8

Put a half cross (/) over the tooth to mark a planned extractionon the dental chart, and finish the X once the tooth is extracted

Question 9

Which symbol should you use to mark a carious lesion in dental charting?

Answer 9

Mark ‘CA’ on the dental chart to indicate a carious lesion

Question 10

Which symbol should you use to mark a retained tooth in dental charting?

Answer 10

Mark ‘RT’ on the dental chart to indicate a retained tooth. It can also be beneficial to draw where the retaineds tooth is and assign it a number

Question 11

What is the calculus index?

Answer 11

The calculus index is the grading of the amount of calculus covering the buccal surface of the tooth

Question 12

Describe the calculus index grading system

Answer 12

0: No calculus
1: Some calculus covering less than 1/3 of the buccal tooth surface
2: Moderate calculus covering 1/3 to 2/3 of the buccal tooth surface with minimal subgingival deposit
3: Heavy calculus covering more than 2/3 of the buccal tooth surface above and below the gingival line

Question 13

How do you fill in the calculus index in the dental chart?

Answer 13

Fill in the grade number for the appropriate tooth in the row indicated ‘CI’

Question 14

Describe the gingival index grading system

Answer 14

0: Normal gingiva
1: Mild gingivitis, slight colour change, mild alteration of the gingival surface. No bleeding on probing
2: Moderate swelling and gingivitis. Bleeds on probing
3: Severe swelling and gingivitis. Spontaneous bleeding and possible ulceration

Question 15

How do you fill in the gingival index in the dental chart?

Answer 15

Fill in the grade number for the appropriate tooth in the row indicated ‘GI’

Question 16

How do you carry out dental probing?

Answer 16

Use a blunt ended periodontal probe with millimetre markings, and use the tip if the probe to probe gently in 4 to 6 areas around the base of the tooth to measure pocket depth (the gingival margin to the base of the pocket)

Question 17

What is the normal gingival pocket depth in dogs?

Answer 17

Less than 3mm

Question 18

What is the normal gingival pocket depth in cats?

Answer 18

Less than 0.5mm

Question 19

Describe the periodontal disease staging system

Answer 19

0: No peridontal disease
1: Gingivitis only
2: Less than 25% attachment loss, furcation 1 exposure
3: 25-50% attachment loss, furcation 2 exposure
4: More than 50% attachment loss, furcation 3 exposure

Question 20

What does attachment loss refer to in dentistry?

Answer 20

Attachment loss refers to the loss of the periodontal attachments which support the teeth

Question 21

What can be used to measure attachment loss?

Answer 21

Pocket depth
Dental radiography

Question 22

What will the pocket depth be in a patient with stage 2 periodontal disease?

Answer 22

Pocket depth of 4 - 5mm

Question 23

What will the pocket depth be in a patient with stage 3 periodontal disease?

Answer 23

Pocket depth of 6 - 7mm

Question 24

What will the pocket depth be in a patient with stage 4 periodontal disease?

Answer 24

Pocket depth of more than 7mm

Question 25

How do you use dental radiography to measure attachment loss?

Answer 25

Measurement of attachment length using dental radiography involves measuring from the cemetoenamel junction (CEJ) to the tooth root apex to determine the total attachment length. Then measure the distance between the alveolar margin to the cemetoenamel junction (CEJ) to get the value for attachment loss

Question 26

What does furcation exposure refer to in dentistry?

Answer 26

Furcation exposure refers to the loss of bone and attachment in the area where the roots of a multi-rooted tooth diverge (known as the furcation)

Question 27

What does furcation 1 (F1) exposure refer to?

Answer 27

Furcation 1 (F1) exposure is where the probe goes into the furcation and up to 1/3 buccolingual crown width of multirooted tooth

Question 28

What does furcation 2 (F2) exposure refer to?

Answer 28

Furcation 2 (F2) exposure is where the probe goes up to 2/3 buccolingual crown width of multirooted tooth

Question 29

What does furcation 3 (F3) exposure refer to?

Answer 29

Furcation 3 (F3) exposure is where the probe goes all the way through buccolingual crown width of multirooted tooth

Question 30

Describe the tooth mobility scoring system

Answer 30

M1: Slight mobility (less than 0.5mm vertical and less than 0.2mm horizontal)
M2: Some mobility (less than 0.5mm vertical and less than 1mm horizontal)
M3: Severe mobility (more than 1mm horizontaln or vertical)

Question 31

How do you fill in the periodontal disease scoring in the dental chart?

Answer 31

Fill in information about periodontal disease in one of the ‘other rows’ on the dental chart