Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MODULE 16 - Alimentary Tract Disease > DENTISRY - Small Animal Dentistry > Flashcards

DENTISRY - Small Animal Dentistry Flashcards

1
Q

What is the permanent dental formula for dogs?

A

3-1-4-2 / 3-1-4-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the deciduous dental formula for dogs?

A

3-1-3 / 3-1-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the permanent dental formula for cats?

A

3-1-3-1 / 3-1-2-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the deciduous dental formula for cats?

A

3-1-3 / 3-1-2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What should you assess during a conscious head examination?

A

Facial symmetry
Masticatory muscle
Salivary glands
Lymph nodes
Facial swelling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is ptyalism?

A

Ptyalism is a term for excessive salivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What should you assess during a conscious oral examination?

A

Assess occlusion
Assess soft tissue structures
Assess hard tissue structures
Assess the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the most common disease of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in dogs?

A

Arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the most common disease of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in cats?

A

Trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which soft tissue structures should you assess during an unconsious oral examination?

A

Salivary glands
Incisive papilla
Tongue
Caruncula sublingual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which hard tissue structures should you assess during an unconsious oral examination?

A

Teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the most important form of diagnostics when assessing dentition?

A

Dental radiography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are seven dental diseases that affect paediatric patients?

A

Hyperdontial
Hypodontial
Malocclusion
Cleft palate
Cleft lip
Feline juvenile gingivitis
Enamel defect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is hyperdontia?

A

Hyperdontia is where there are extra teeth present in the oral cavity

Retained deciduous tooth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

(T/F) You should always immediately remove retained deciduous and additional teeth

A

FALSE. You should first assess the age of the patient before removing retained deciduous teeth as this can be a normal finding in animals of a particular age (i.e. six months or younger)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why is it important to remove hyperdont teeth?

A

Hyperdont teeth increase the surface area for plaque and calculus to accumulate which increases the risk of periodontal disease, and they can result in malocclusion so it is important for them to be removed

Important to note that that hyperdontia has a good prognosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is hypodontia?

A

Hypodontia is where there are fewer teeth than normal present in the oral cavity

Patient with a missing premolar
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are one of the main risks of teeth that have not yet erupted?

A

There is a risk of dentigerous cyst formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How do you treat dentigerous cysts?

A

A cyst extravasation procedure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which dog breed is predisposed to hyposodontia of the first premolar associated with dentigerous cysts?

A

Boxers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What should you do to further investigate hypodontia?

A

Dental radiography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is class I malocclusion?

A

Class I malocclusion is where the jaw alignment is normal, however the teeth are misalinged

Puppy with type I malocclusion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is type II malocclusion?

A

Class II malocclusion is where the upper jaw is too long relative to the lower jaw and the upper teeth protrude in front of the corresponding lower teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How do you treat type II malocclusion?

A

To treat type II malocculsion you have to either carry out tooth extractions or refer the patient for crown reduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is type III malocclusion?

A

Type III malocclusion is where the lower jaw is too long relative to the upper jaw and the lower teeth protrude in front of the corresponding upper teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Which breeds of dog commonly present with type III malocclusion?

A

Brachycephalic breeds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

(T/F) You always have to treat a cleft lip

A

FALSE. It is often not necessary to treat a cleft lip unless the patient is experiencing clinical signs as a result on the cleft lip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

How do you treat cleft palate?

A

You can treat cleft palate with surgical closure and supportive care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is feline juvenile gingivitis?

A

Feline juvenile gingivitis is an exaggerated inflammatory response to tooth eruption seen in cats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Which breed of cat is particularly prone to feline juvenile gingivitis?

A

Maine Coons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

How do you treat feline juvenile gingivitis?

A

You should treat the pain and refer patients with feline juvenile gingivitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What are enamel defects?

A

Enamel defects are when the enamel does not mineralise correctly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is indicated by a focal enamel defect?

A

A focal enamel defect is indicative of trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is a common cause of focal enamel defects?

A

Extraction of deciduous teeth can result in enamel defects in the permanent teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is indicated by diffuse enamel defects?

A

Diffuse enamel defects are indicative of systemic disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

List three examples of systemic diseases that can cause diffuse enamel defects

A

Inadequate nutrition
Pyrexia
Canine distemper virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What is the most common form of dental disease in small animals?

A

Periodontal disease

38
Q

What are the two classifications of periodontal disease?

A

Gingivitis
Periodontitis

39
Q

What is gingivitis?

A

Gingivitis is reversible inflammation of the gingiva

40
Q

What is periodontitis?

A

Periodontitis is an irreversible state of disease which affects the gingiva, bone supporting the teeth and the periodontal ligament. Some of the symptoms of periodontitis include pockets between the teeth and gums, halitosis, loose teeth etc.

One of the most common dental diseases in veterinary medicine

41
Q

What can periodontitis progress to?

A

Oronasal fistulas and rhinitis

42
Q

Which breed of dog is particularly prone to oronasal fistulas secondary to periodontitis?

A

Dachshunds

43
Q

What should you do if you identify periodontitis on clinical examination?

A

If you identify periodontitis on clinical examination, you should do a full oral examination and dental radiography to establish the extent of the disease

44
Q

How do you treat periodontitis?

A

Periodontitis is treated with tooth extractions

45
Q

What is one of the most common forms of dental disease in cats?

A

Tooth resorption

46
Q

Identify this type of tooth resorption

A

Type I tooth resorption

47
Q

What is a key sign of type I tooth resorption?

A

A red dot on the clinical crown is a key sign of type I tooth resorption

48
Q

What triggers type I tooth resorption?

A

Inflammation

49
Q

Which disease is type I tooth resorption most commonly associated with?

A

Periodontal disease

50
Q

Identify this type of tooth resorption

A

Type II tooth resorption

51
Q

What triggers type II tooth resorption?

A

Type II tooth resorption is idiopathic

52
Q

How do you diagnose type II tooth resorption?

A

You can diagnose type II tooth resorption with dental radiography

53
Q

Identify this type of tooth resorption

A

Type III tooth resorption

54
Q

Which teeth are most commonly affected by tooth resorption?

A

Mandibular third premolars followed by the first molars

55
Q

Which type of tooth resorption always requires treatment?

A

Type I tooth resorption always requires treatment

56
Q

How do you treat type I tooth resorption?

A

Type I tooth resorption is treated with tooth extraction

57
Q

Identify this classification of tooth trauma

A

Enamel infraction - microcracks in the enamel of the tooth

58
Q

Identify this classification of tooth trauma

A

Enamel fracture

59
Q

Identify this classification of tooth trauma

A

Uncomplicated crown fracture - fracture involving the enamel and dentin

60
Q

How does the tooth respond to uncomplicated crown fractures?

A

In response to uncomplicated crown fractures, the tooth will produce tertiary dentin to protect the dental pulp from invading microorganisms

61
Q

Identify this classification of tooth trauma

A

Complicated crown fracture - racture involving the enamel, dentin and pulp cavity

62
Q

Identify this classification of tooth trauma

A

Uncomplicated crown root fracture - fracture involving the root and crown dentin and enamel

63
Q

Identify this classification of tooth trauma

A

Complicated crown root fracture - fracture involving the root and crown dentin, enamel and dental pulp

64
Q

Identify this classification of tooth trauma

A

Root fracture

65
Q

What should be done to further investigate tooth trauma?

A

Dental radiography to ensure the dental pulp has not been affected

66
Q

Which tooth fractures require treatment?

A

Complicated crown fractures
Complicated crown root fractures
Root fractures

i.e. pulp involvement always required treatment

67
Q

What are the strategically important teeth in dogs?

A

Canines
Upper fourth premolars
Lower first molars

68
Q

What are the stategically important teeth in cats?

A

Canines

69
Q

What is the clinical significance of the strategically important teeth in dogs and cats?

A

If there is trauma affecting the strategically important teeth in dogs and cats, you should refer the case to try and save the teeth

70
Q

List five examples of emergency tooth traumas

A

Concussion
Subluxation
Lateral luxation
Intrusion
Evulsion

Image is irrelevant to the flashcard - I just think it's cool :)
71
Q

What should you do if you are presented with an emergency tooth trauma?

A

If presented with an emergency tooth trauma, the patient should be referred or the tooth extracted

72
Q

Identify this classification of tooth trauma

A

Concussion - haemorrhage within the tooth

Note the discolouration of the tooth
73
Q

What is tooth subluxation?

A

Tooth subluxation is where the tooth has increased mobitlity but has not been displaced from the alveolar bone

74
Q

Identify this classification of tooth trauma

A

Lateral luxation - fracture of the alveolar bone with seperation of the periodontal ligament

75
Q

Identify this classification of tooth trauma

A

Intrusion - apical displacement of the tooth

76
Q

Identify this classification of tooth trauma

A

Evulsion

77
Q

What is stomatitis?

A

Stomatitis is inflammation of the oral soft tissue structures and mucosa

78
Q

How do you often have to treat stomatitis?

A

Tooth extraction as stomatitis can be caused by an immune response against plaque and calculus that accumulates on the teeth

79
Q

What should you do as further investigation in dogs that present with oral inflammation?

A

In dogs that present with oral inflammation, you should take a biopsy of the mouth to determine if the inflammation is secondary to neoplasia or stomatitis

80
Q

How do you treat stomatitis?

A

Stomatitis is very challenging to treat and requires referral

81
Q

What is an oronasal fistula?

A

An oronasal fistula is an abnormal connection between the oral and nasal cavities

82
Q

List five possible causes of oronasal fistulas

A

Periodontal disease
Malocclusion
Foreign bodies
Neoplasia
Tooth extraction

83
Q

How can a tooth extraction cause an oronasal fistula?

A

Tooth extractions without a mucogingival flap will result in an oronasal fistula

84
Q

How do you treat an oronasal fistula?

A

An oronasal fistula requires sugical correction and will often require referral

85
Q

What should you always do before taking a biopsy of oral masses?

A

Take a photograph of the mass and describe it in detail before taking a biopsy

86
Q

(T/F) Oral masses in cats are more commonly malignant neoplasia than oral masses in dogs

A

TRUE.

87
Q

What is the most common differential diagnosis for an oral mass in cats?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

88
Q

What is the one of the most common differential diagnosis for an oral mass in dogs?

A

Ameloblastoma

Ameloblastoma is a benign tumour

89
Q

Which dog breed is prone to benign oral masses?

A

Boxers

90
Q

Identify the dental disease present in this radiograph

A

Tooth root abscess

MODULE 16 - Alimentary Tract Disease (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions