Dentistry, surgery, & peritonitis

Question 1

Dental formula for horses

1) deciduous
2) permanent

Answer 1

1) (I3/3, PM 3/3)

2) (I3/3, C1/1, PM3/4, M3/3)

Question 2

Incisors:

1) deciduous eruption dates
2) permanent eruption dates
3) cups gone

Answer 2

1) 8 days, 8 weeks, 8 months
2) 2.5, 3.5, 4.5
3) 6yr, 7yr, 8yr

Question 3

Incisors become

1) in wear
2) level

Answer 3

1) 6 months after eruption

2) 12months after eruption

Question 4

The wolf tooth is which tooth?

Answer 4

Upper 1st premolar (105, 205)

Question 5

Describe the path of galvayne’s groove

Answer 5

starts at 10yr
half way down by 15yr
all the down by 20yr
half way gone 25yr
all gone by 30yr

Question 6

How often should you float a horse’s teeth?

Answer 6

every 6-24 months

Question 7

When floating, where do you file:

1) mandibular teeth
2) maxillary teeth

Answer 7

1) lingual aspect

2) buccal aspect

Question 8

Hooks and ramps are common on which 4 teeth?

Answer 8

106, 206

311, 411

Question 9

Which type of float is best for:

1) upper premolars
2) upper arcade

Answer 9

1) open angel float

2) closed angel float

Question 10

Which arcade (maxillary or mandibular) is more prone to idiopathic cheek teeth fractures? Which teeth specifically?

Answer 10

Maxillary

109&209

Question 11

Which arcade (maxillary or mandibular) is more prone to apical infections?

Answer 11

Maxillary

Question 12

Which specific teeth in maxillary arcade are more likely to have sinus involvement with an apical infection?

Answer 12

109/209 & 111/211

Question 13

Teeth are most susceptible to apical infection when?

Answer 13

shortly after eruption

Question 14

Prevention and treatment of dental malalignments

Answer 14

Orthodontia

Question 15

Fracture of the _____ are more common

Answer 15

mandible (more common than fractures of premaxilla)

Question 16

Which muscle prevents prolapse during defecation in horses

Answer 16

levator ani

Question 17

Describe the usual 
1) location
2) distance from anus
3) orientation
of rectal tears

Answer 17

1) dorsal rectum
2) 15-55cm from anus
3) longitudinal orientation

Question 18

On initial treatment of rectal tears, packing should be placed _______ to the tear to prevent further contamination

Answer 18

10cm proximal

Question 19

3 ways to prevent rectal tears

Answer 19

1) proper restraint (sedation, stocks, etc.)
2) lots of lube
3) don’t force against contractions

Question 20

Which treatment is indicated for rectal prolapse regardless of type/grade

Answer 20

a laxative diet

Question 21

Most common neoplasm of perineal region?

Answer 21

SCC

Question 22

The typical signalment for melanomas

Answer 22

grey horses >15yr

Question 23

3 functions of the peritoneum

Answer 23

immune function
lubrication (prevent adhesions)
semipermeable barrier

Question 24

T/F: you can gauge prognosis and severity of a case of peritonitis by looking at cell count (i.e. a higher WBC=more severe)

Answer 24

FALSE

cell count does NOT always correlate with severity and prognosis

Question 25

Most common isolate from cases of primary peritonitis in adult horses

Answer 25

Actinobacillus

Question 26

Due to the peritoneum’s unique conformation in females, a cause of secondary peritonitis could be:

Answer 26

uterine infection (it communicates with uterine lumen)