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Dentistry Final Flashcards

1
Q

General sequence for complete Prophy

A

Oral cavity evaluated, large pieces of calculus removed, periodontal area probed for pocket depth & presence of subgingival calculus.
Subgingival calculus removed, teeth evaluated, degree of disease evaluated, further diagnostic tests performed.

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2
Q

Mesaticephalic

A

Medium. Most common head type. Labradors and DSH, ex.

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3
Q

Brachycephalic

A

Short wide heads. Commonly results in crowded and rotated premolars.
Boxers, Persians ex.

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4
Q

Dolichocephalic

A

Long narrow heads.

Collies, seal point Siamese ex.

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5
Q

Maxilla

A

Upper jaw.

Incisal and maxillary bones hold the teeth.

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6
Q

Hard palate

A

Portion of the roof of the mouth that consists of hard bone. Covered with mucous membrane w/irregular ridges called “Rugae palatinae”

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7
Q

Soft palate

A

Posterior portion of roof of the mouth, no underlying bone. Separates the oral cavity from the pharynx.

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8
Q

Lateral palatine fold or fauca

A

The area in which the two jaws join in the back of the oral cavity

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9
Q

Mandible

A

Lower jaw. Covered by muscle and skin ventrally, mucous membrane becomes the gingiva at the mucogingival line

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10
Q

Temporomandibular joint

A

Hinge joint that joins mandible to maxilla

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11
Q

Vestibule of oral cavity

A

Part of oral mucosa between the cheeks or lips and the alveolar ridge (teeth/gingiva)

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12
Q

Crown

A

Part of the tooth above the gumline covered in enamel

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13
Q

Enamel

A

Hardest substance in the body. Covers the crown of the tooth, above the gumline. Produced by ameloblasts.

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14
Q

Tooth neck

A

Indentation close to the gumline where the enamel thins.

Also called cementoenamel junction or cervical line

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15
Q

Tooth root

A

Underneath the gumline, sits in the socket (alveolus)

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16
Q

Tooth apex

A

Deepest part of the root.

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17
Q

Prophylaxis or Prophy

A

Prevention or protective treatment for disease

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18
Q

Where blood vessels and nerves enter the tooth

A 
Apical delta (small channels)
Apical foramen (larger canals)
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19
Q

Cusp

A

Tip or pointed prominence on the occlusal surface of the crown

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20
Q

Dentine/dentin

A

Make up the bulk of the tooth, produced by odontoblasts

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21
Q

Pulp chamber

A

Innermost portion of the tooth. Lined by odontoblasts and contains nerves, blood vessels, different cells and fibrous tissue

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22
Q

Root canal

A

Portion of the pulp chamber below the gumline

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23
Q

Keratinization

A

Hardening and tighter attachment of the epithelial tissue of the attached gingiva that makes it able to withstand chewing

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24
Q

Free gingiva

A

The portion of gingiva that is not directly attached to the tooth or supporting structure

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25
Free gingival groove
Slight groove between free and attached gingiva
26
Sulcus
Area between free gingiva and tooth when healthy and without a space
27
Pocket
Space between free gingiva and tooth. Considered diseased tissue when periodontal disease is present
28
Alveolar mucosa
Less densely keratinized gingival tissue covering the bones
29
Attachment apparatus
Structures that support the tooth: periodontal ligament, cementum, sharpey's fibers, alveolar bone
30
Periodontal ligament
Fibrous structure that holds tooth In place in the socket
31
Cementum
Material that can repair itself if damaged and attaches periodontal ligament ti the tooth
32
Alveolar bone
Bone of the jaw in which the tooth rests
33
Dental formula for puppy
2x(3/3 i, 1/1 c, 3/3p)=28
34
Time line for puppy teeth
``` Primary incisors erupt at 3-4 weeks, canines at 3 weeks; premolars from 4-12 weeks. Fall out (exfoliate) about 1-2 weeks before adult teeth eruption ```
35
Adult dog dental formula
2x(3/3 I, 1/1 C, 4/4 P, 2/3 M)=42
36
Incisors
Used for gnawing and grooming
37
Canine teeth
Used for holding and tearing
38
Premolars
Used for cutting and breaking up
39
Molars
Used for grinding
40
Dog adult teeth timeline
Incisors erupt at 3-5 months, canine & premolar at 4-6 months, molars at 5-7 months
41
Kitten dental formula
2x(3/3 i, 1/1 c, 3/2 p)=26
42
Kitten teeth timeline
Incisors erupt at 2-3 weeks, canines at 3-4 weeks, premolars at 3-6 weeks
43
Cat dental formula
2x(3/3 I, 1/1 C, 3/2 P, 1/1 M)=30
44
Cat adult teeth timeline
Incisors erupt at 3-4 months, canines at 4-5, premolars at 4-6 months, molars at 4-5 months
45
Dog teeth with one root
Incisors, canines, first premolar, mandibular third molar | 101-105, 201-205, 301-305, 311, 401-405, 411
46
Dog teeth with 2 roots
Maxillary second and third premolars; mandibular second, third, and fourth premolars; mandibular first and second molars (106, 107, 206, 207, 306-310, 496-410)
47
Dog teeth with three roots
Maxillary fourth premolar, and first and second molars | 108-110, 208-210
48
Cat teeth with one root
Incisors, canines, maxillary second premolar | 101-104, 106, 201-204, 206, 301-304, 401-404)
49
Cat teeth with two roots
Maxillary third premolar, mandibular third and fourth premolars, mandibular first molar (107, 207, 307-309, 407-409)
50
Cat teeth with three roots
Maxillary fourth premolar | 108, 208
51
Tooth in the cat with a varying number of roots
Maxillary first molar (feline) | 109, 209
52
Furcation
The area in which the roots join the crown. In two-rooted it is bi-, in three-rooted it is Tri-
53
labial (vestibule)
The direction toward the outside of the teeth
54
Buccal (vestibule)
Toward the cheeks
55
Palatal/lingual
Toward the middle of the mouth Palatal for the maxillary Lingual for the mandible
56
Mesial
Side of the tooth closest to the center line of the dental arch
57
Distal
Side of the tooth farthest from the center line of the dental arch
58
Coronal
Direction towards the crown
59
Apical
Toward the root of the tooth
60
Interproximal area
Area between two teeth
61
Occlusion (teeth)
The way teeth fit together. Cats and dogs have a "sectorial" one with chewing occurring on the sides of the teeth.
62
Anatomic numbering order
Right/left, maxillary/mandibular, ordinal number, type of tooth
63
Teeth missing in a cat
Maxillary First premolar, mandibular first and second premolars (105, 205, 305, 306, 405, 406)
64
Rule of four and nine
The canine tooth is always 04 and the first molar is always 09 regardless of how many teeth are actually in the mouth
65
Sharpey's fibers
Matrix of connective tissue consisting of bundles of strong collagenous fibers connecting periosteum to bone
66
Oral mucosa
The tissue that lines most of the oral cavity outside the mucogingival line, ends at the lips.
67
Normal sulcus depths
0-3 mm in dogs | 0-1 mm in cats
68
Enamel hypoplasia
A defect in enamel production
69
Mucogingival line/junction
Junction between the gingiva attached to the underlying bone (attached gingiva) and the flap overlying the tooth (free gingiva)
70
Gingival recession
Free gingival margin recedes towards the tooth root and the neck/root structure becomes exposed
71
Plaque
Bacterial layer that forms on the teeth
72
Tartar/Calculus
Dead bacteria on the tooth that has calcified
73
Disclosing solution
Inspects for plaque and calculus that was missed during the prophy
74
Fracture class 1
Enamel fx. Chip fracture, enamel loss. Most do not require tx
75
Fracture class 2
Uncomplicated crown fx. Enamel and sentinel, but no pulp exposure.
76
Fracture class 2b
Complicated crown fx. Enamel, dentine, and pulp exposure
77
Fracture class 3
Uncomplicated crown-root fx. Fracture of the crown and root that does not expose pulp
78
Fracture class 3b
Complicated crown-root fx. Fracture of the crown and root that exposes pulp - aka slab fracture
79
Fracture class 4
Root fracture, non salvageable
80
Scissor bite
Mandibular teeth in contact with palatal side of maxillary teeth
81
Anodontia/adontia
Absence of teeth
82
Diastema
Space between two adjacent teeth not in contact with each other
83
Interceptive orthodontics
Extracting primary teeth, prevent malocclusion, removes possible obstruction
84
Luxation
Partial displacement of the tooth
85
Avulsion
Complete displacement of the tooth
86
Oral nasal fistula
Abnormal opening into the nasal cavity
87
Granulomas
Benign, caused by periodontal disease
88
Iatrogenic orthodontic disease
Attempts to correct orthodontic problems
89
Gingivitis
Inflammation of the gingiva
90
Periodontitis
Infection of the structures surrounding the tooth (periodontium)
91
Endodontics
Root canal therapy
92
Abrasions
Friction on teeth due to external objects (bars, toys, etc)
93
Attrition
Friction of teeth rubbing against each other due to occlusion
94
Gingival hyperplasia
Excessive gingiva

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

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