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Medical Terminology > Dentistry Final > Flashcards

Dentistry Final Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

General sequence for complete Prophy

A

Oral cavity evaluated, large pieces of calculus removed, periodontal area probed for pocket depth & presence of subgingival calculus.
Subgingival calculus removed, teeth evaluated, degree of disease evaluated, further diagnostic tests performed.

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2
Q

Mesaticephalic

A

Medium. Most common head type. Labradors and DSH, ex.

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3
Q

Brachycephalic

A

Short wide heads. Commonly results in crowded and rotated premolars.
Boxers, Persians ex.

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4
Q

Dolichocephalic

A

Long narrow heads.

Collies, seal point Siamese ex.

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5
Q

Maxilla

A

Upper jaw.

Incisal and maxillary bones hold the teeth.

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6
Q

Hard palate

A

Portion of the roof of the mouth that consists of hard bone. Covered with mucous membrane w/irregular ridges called “Rugae palatinae”

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7
Q

Soft palate

A

Posterior portion of roof of the mouth, no underlying bone. Separates the oral cavity from the pharynx.

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8
Q

Lateral palatine fold or fauca

A

The area in which the two jaws join in the back of the oral cavity

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9
Q

Mandible

A

Lower jaw. Covered by muscle and skin ventrally, mucous membrane becomes the gingiva at the mucogingival line

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10
Q

Temporomandibular joint

A

Hinge joint that joins mandible to maxilla

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11
Q

Vestibule of oral cavity

A

Part of oral mucosa between the cheeks or lips and the alveolar ridge (teeth/gingiva)

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12
Q

Crown

A

Part of the tooth above the gumline covered in enamel

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13
Q

Enamel

A

Hardest substance in the body. Covers the crown of the tooth, above the gumline. Produced by ameloblasts.

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14
Q

Tooth neck

A

Indentation close to the gumline where the enamel thins.

Also called cementoenamel junction or cervical line

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15
Q

Tooth root

A

Underneath the gumline, sits in the socket (alveolus)

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16
Q

Tooth apex

A

Deepest part of the root.

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17
Q

Prophylaxis or Prophy

A

Prevention or protective treatment for disease

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18
Q

Where blood vessels and nerves enter the tooth

A 
Apical delta (small channels)
Apical foramen (larger canals)
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19
Q

Cusp

A

Tip or pointed prominence on the occlusal surface of the crown

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20
Q

Dentine/dentin

A

Make up the bulk of the tooth, produced by odontoblasts

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21
Q

Pulp chamber

A

Innermost portion of the tooth. Lined by odontoblasts and contains nerves, blood vessels, different cells and fibrous tissue

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22
Q

Root canal

A

Portion of the pulp chamber below the gumline

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23
Q

Keratinization

A

Hardening and tighter attachment of the epithelial tissue of the attached gingiva that makes it able to withstand chewing

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24
Q

Free gingiva

A

The portion of gingiva that is not directly attached to the tooth or supporting structure

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25
Q

Free gingival groove

A

Slight groove between free and attached gingiva

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26
Q

Sulcus

A

Area between free gingiva and tooth when healthy and without a space

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27
Q

Pocket

A

Space between free gingiva and tooth. Considered diseased tissue when periodontal disease is present

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28
Q

Alveolar mucosa

A

Less densely keratinized gingival tissue covering the bones

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29
Q

Attachment apparatus

A

Structures that support the tooth: periodontal ligament, cementum, sharpey’s fibers, alveolar bone

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30
Q

Periodontal ligament

A

Fibrous structure that holds tooth In place in the socket

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31
Q

Cementum

A

Material that can repair itself if damaged and attaches periodontal ligament ti the tooth

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32
Q

Alveolar bone

A

Bone of the jaw in which the tooth rests

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33
Q

Dental formula for puppy

A

2x(3/3 i, 1/1 c, 3/3p)=28

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34
Q

Time line for puppy teeth

A 
Primary incisors erupt at 3-4 weeks, canines at 3 weeks; premolars from 4-12 weeks.
Fall out (exfoliate) about 1-2 weeks before adult teeth eruption
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35
Q

Adult dog dental formula

A

2x(3/3 I, 1/1 C, 4/4 P, 2/3 M)=42

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36
Q

Incisors

A

Used for gnawing and grooming

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37
Q

Canine teeth

A

Used for holding and tearing

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38
Q

Premolars

A

Used for cutting and breaking up

39
Q

Molars

A

Used for grinding

40
Q

Dog adult teeth timeline

A

Incisors erupt at 3-5 months, canine & premolar at 4-6 months, molars at 5-7 months

41
Q

Kitten dental formula

A

2x(3/3 i, 1/1 c, 3/2 p)=26

42
Q

Kitten teeth timeline

A

Incisors erupt at 2-3 weeks, canines at 3-4 weeks, premolars at 3-6 weeks

43
Q

Cat dental formula

A

2x(3/3 I, 1/1 C, 3/2 P, 1/1 M)=30

44
Q

Cat adult teeth timeline

A

Incisors erupt at 3-4 months, canines at 4-5, premolars at 4-6 months, molars at 4-5 months

45
Q

Dog teeth with one root

A

Incisors, canines, first premolar, mandibular third molar

101-105, 201-205, 301-305, 311, 401-405, 411

46
Q

Dog teeth with 2 roots

A

Maxillary second and third premolars; mandibular second, third, and fourth premolars; mandibular first and second molars
(106, 107, 206, 207, 306-310, 496-410)

47
Q

Dog teeth with three roots

A

Maxillary fourth premolar, and first and second molars

108-110, 208-210

48
Q

Cat teeth with one root

A

Incisors, canines, maxillary second premolar

101-104, 106, 201-204, 206, 301-304, 401-404)

49
Q

Cat teeth with two roots

A

Maxillary third premolar, mandibular third and fourth premolars, mandibular first molar
(107, 207, 307-309, 407-409)

50
Q

Cat teeth with three roots

A

Maxillary fourth premolar

108, 208

51
Q

Tooth in the cat with a varying number of roots

A

Maxillary first molar (feline)

109, 209

52
Q

Furcation

A

The area in which the roots join the crown. In two-rooted it is bi-, in three-rooted it is Tri-

53
Q

labial (vestibule)

A

The direction toward the outside of the teeth

54
Q

Buccal (vestibule)

A

Toward the cheeks

55
Q

Palatal/lingual

A

Toward the middle of the mouth
Palatal for the maxillary
Lingual for the mandible

56
Q

Mesial

A

Side of the tooth closest to the center line of the dental arch

57
Q

Distal

A

Side of the tooth farthest from the center line of the dental arch

58
Q

Coronal

A

Direction towards the crown

59
Q

Apical

A

Toward the root of the tooth

60
Q

Interproximal area

A

Area between two teeth

61
Q

Occlusion (teeth)

A

The way teeth fit together. Cats and dogs have a “sectorial” one with chewing occurring on the sides of the teeth.

62
Q

Anatomic numbering order

A

Right/left, maxillary/mandibular, ordinal number, type of tooth

63
Q

Teeth missing in a cat

A

Maxillary First premolar, mandibular first and second premolars (105, 205, 305, 306, 405, 406)

64
Q

Rule of four and nine

A

The canine tooth is always 04 and the first molar is always 09 regardless of how many teeth are actually in the mouth

65
Q

Sharpey’s fibers

A

Matrix of connective tissue consisting of bundles of strong collagenous fibers connecting periosteum to bone

66
Q

Oral mucosa

A

The tissue that lines most of the oral cavity outside the mucogingival line, ends at the lips.

67
Q

Normal sulcus depths

A

0-3 mm in dogs

0-1 mm in cats

68
Q

Enamel hypoplasia

A

A defect in enamel production

69
Q

Mucogingival line/junction

A

Junction between the gingiva attached to the underlying bone (attached gingiva) and the flap overlying the tooth (free gingiva)

70
Q

Gingival recession

A

Free gingival margin recedes towards the tooth root and the neck/root structure becomes exposed

71
Q

Plaque

A

Bacterial layer that forms on the teeth

72
Q

Tartar/Calculus

A

Dead bacteria on the tooth that has calcified

73
Q

Disclosing solution

A

Inspects for plaque and calculus that was missed during the prophy

74
Q

Fracture class 1

A

Enamel fx. Chip fracture, enamel loss. Most do not require tx

75
Q

Fracture class 2

A

Uncomplicated crown fx. Enamel and sentinel, but no pulp exposure.

76
Q

Fracture class 2b

A

Complicated crown fx. Enamel, dentine, and pulp exposure

77
Q

Fracture class 3

A

Uncomplicated crown-root fx. Fracture of the crown and root that does not expose pulp

78
Q

Fracture class 3b

A

Complicated crown-root fx. Fracture of the crown and root that exposes pulp - aka slab fracture

79
Q

Fracture class 4

A

Root fracture, non salvageable

80
Q

Scissor bite

A

Mandibular teeth in contact with palatal side of maxillary teeth

81
Q

Anodontia/adontia

A

Absence of teeth

82
Q

Diastema

A

Space between two adjacent teeth not in contact with each other

83
Q

Interceptive orthodontics

A

Extracting primary teeth, prevent malocclusion, removes possible obstruction

84
Q

Luxation

A

Partial displacement of the tooth

85
Q

Avulsion

A

Complete displacement of the tooth

86
Q

Oral nasal fistula

A

Abnormal opening into the nasal cavity

87
Q

Granulomas

A

Benign, caused by periodontal disease

88
Q

Iatrogenic orthodontic disease

A

Attempts to correct orthodontic problems

89
Q

Gingivitis

A

Inflammation of the gingiva

90
Q

Periodontitis

A

Infection of the structures surrounding the tooth (periodontium)

91
Q

Endodontics

A

Root canal therapy

92
Q

Abrasions

A

Friction on teeth due to external objects (bars, toys, etc)

93
Q

Attrition

A

Friction of teeth rubbing against each other due to occlusion

94
Q

Gingival hyperplasia

A

Excessive gingiva

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

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