Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Capstone > Dentistry > Flashcards

Dentistry Flashcards

1
Q

crown

A

portion of the tooth above the gum line, covered by enamel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

root

A

portion of the tooth below the gum line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

apex

A

tip of the tooth root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

gingiva

A

gums or mucous membrane surrounding the teeth
soft tissue that provides epithelial attachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

enamel

A

outer covering of the crown, hardest tissue in the body with no sensory capacity, relatively nonporous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

dentin

A

lining below the enamel that lines the pulp cavity
2nd hardest tissue in the body and composes the bulk of the tooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

pulp cavity

A

sensitive cavity in the tooth containing blood supply and nerves
called the root canal within the root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

periodontium

A

supportive tissue of the teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the periodontum made up of?

A

cementum, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, gingiva, and gingival sulcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

cementum

A

avascular bonelike material that covers the root
attached to the alveolar bone by the periodontal ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

periodontal ligament

A

holds tooth in alveolus through attachment to the alveolar bone
supplies nutrients to the alveolar bone and cementum via arterioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

alveolar bone

A

surrounds and supports teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

gingival sulcus

A

space between gingiva and the tooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

buccal

A

tooth surface towards the cheek

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

labial

A

tooth surface towards the lips

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

lingual

A

mandibular tooth surface towards the tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

palatal

A

maxillary tooth surface towards the palate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

mesial

A

tooth surface towards the midline at the front of mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

distal

A

tooth surface towards the back of the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

occlusal

A

chewing surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

coronal

A

tooth surface towards the crown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

apical

A

tooth surface towards the apex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

heterodont

A

domestic animals, teeth of differing shapes and sizes
humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

brachydont

A

small crowns with well-developed roots
dogs, cats, pigs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
hypsodont
aka elodont teeth that grow throughout a lifetime cows, horses, rodents, lagomorphs
26
dog dental formula
2( I 3/3, C 1/1, P 4/4, M 2/3) 42 total
27
cat dental formula
2( I 3/3, C 1/1, P 3/2, M 1/1) 30 total
28
which teeth are the carnassial teeth on a dog?
4th upper premolar and 1st lower molar
29
normal occlusion
aka scissor bite upper incisors rostral to the lower lower canines fit in space between upper canines and 3rd incisor (shouldn't touch) lower 1st premolar are most rostral, upper arcade fits into spaces between lower premolars upper 4th premolar overlaps the lower 1st molar
30
normal skull shape
mesocephalic
31
class 1 malocclusion (MAL/I)
aka neutroclusion maxilla/mandible correctly proportioned but 1 or more teeth are misaligned many types including "crossbites"
32
class II malocclusion (MAL/II)
aka distoclusion teeth of the mandible don't align with corresponding teeth of maxilla mandibular brachygnathism (too short) "overbite"
33
class III malocclusion (MAL/III)
aka mesioclusion teeth of mandible align rostral to corresponding teeth of maxilla mandible is forward (too long): prognathism "underbite"
34
malocclusion IV (wry bite)
refers to a variety of unilateral occlusal abnormalities only 1 quadrant of mandible or maxilla is affected where 1 segment of the jaw is unevenly longer than the other half "side-to-side malocclusion" is more appropriate than "wry bite"
35
retained deciduous teeth
should be extracted if present when adult counterparts erupt (by 6 months) or if fractured then immediately may cause abnormal alignment/calculus buildup more common in toy breeds
36
what is the periodontal probe used for?
to evaluate the depths of the pockets (sulcus) surrounding the teeth
37
normal gingival sulcus (dogs and cats)
dog: 3mm cat: 0.5-1mm
38
gingivitis
inflammation of gingiva caused by plaque reversible with proper treatment: dental scaling and curettage (+/- extraction), and oral hygiene
39
gingival hyperplasia
gingival tissue becomes inflamed and enlarged common in boxers, great danes, and mastiffs surgical removal
40
epulis (epulides)
benign gingival tumor surgical removal is curative
41
papillomas
pale, cauliflower-like growths often a viral cause in dogs and is contagious (papillomatosis) may occur orally, on muzzle, limbs, paws
42
stomatitis
painful inflammatory condition that affects gingiva and caudal mouth in cats may be immune-mediated symptoms: pain, severe halitosis, increased salivation, anorexia, weight loss tx: possible steroids and antibiotics, full mouth extraction is recommended
43
periodontal disease
gingival disease caused by plaque-induced inflammation to supporting structures of the teeth (soft tissue and bone) includes gingivitis, gingival hyperplasia, periodontitis with bone destruction may lead to bone loss
44
plaque
biofilm of microorganisms in mouth (bacteria, saliva, debris)
45
calculus
tartar mineralized plaque
46
periodontal disease stage 1
gingivitis only
47
periodontal disease stage 2
early periodontitis, < 25% support loss
48
periodontal disease stage 3
established periodontitis, 25-50% support loss
49
periodontal disease stage 4
advanced periodontitis, > 50% support loss
50
dental disease grade 0
no plaque/gingivitis present
51
dental disease grade 1
mild gingivitis and plaque present
52
dental disease grade 2
mild-moderate tartar (mineralized plaque and bacteria) and gingivitis present on multiple teeth
53
dental disease grade 3
heavy tartar and periodontal disease with bone loss present
54
dental disease grade 4
severe tartar, periodontal disease, and oral pain present
55
local analgesia use in dentistry
blocks dental pain especially prior to extractions used as an adjunct to opioids and NSAIDs
56
supplies typically used for dental local analgesia
25G needle and lidocaine/bupivacaine
57
when should you be cautious of needle direction and depth?
in cats and brachycephalic dog breeds
58
rostral maxillary (infraorbital) nerve block
blocks pain mesial to the 3rd premolar
59
caudal maxillary nerve block
blocks pain rostral to the maxillary molar on side of the block
60
rostral mandibular (middle mental) nerve block
blocks pain rostral to the mandibular 2nd premolar
61
caudal mandibular (inferior alveolar) nerve block
blocks all oral structures of the corresponding side of the mandible can be accessed intraorally or extraorally
62
resorptive lesions
"feline neck lesions" or FORL (feline oral resorptive lesion an erosion in the enamel that may be covered with calculus or gingival tissue (1st appear at cementoenamel junction or neck) may be painful and cause a change in appetite/behavior lesions spread quickly once they reach the pulp cavity extraction is only treatment
63
melanoma
most common oral neoplasm in dogs, rare in cats causes bone destruction locally malignant and spreads to the regional lymph nodes and lungs treatment: partial removal of maxilla/mandible, radiation therapy
64
squamous cell carcinoma
most common oral tumor in cats, 2nd most common in dogs rapid growth, often ulcerated, invades bone, slow metastasis tumors located more rostrally have better prognosis and may be surgically resected, slow to metastasize
65
which organization approves dental products for home care?
Veterinary Oral Health Council (VOHC)
66
what is the gold standard for home dental care?
daily teeth brushing

Capstone (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions