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dentistry Flashcards

1
Q

apical means “towards ____ “

A

root tip

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2
Q

whenassessing and quantifying gingivitis, the modified Loe and Silness index is often referred to. According to this index, a gingival index 3 indicates:

A

Moderate gingivitis, with gentle probing resulting in bleeding

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2
Q

hypodontia is defined as

A

absence of only a few teeth

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3
Q

abbreviations are commonly used in veterinary practice, and some abbreviations are exclusive to terminology. Which abbreviation best aligns with the complicated crown fracture?

A

CCF

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4
Q

when grading furcation involvement, which of the following descriptions is termed grade 3?

A

the probe can be passed through the furcation from buccal to palatal/lingual

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5
Q

when grading tooth mobility, which of the following grades corresponds to grade 3 ?

A

vertical and horizontal movement

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6
Q

which teeth on each side of the dog’s mouth have three roots?

A

maxillary: fourth premolars and first and second molars

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7
Q

at what age do the permanent canine and premolar teeth in dogs generally erupt

A

4-6 months

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8
Q

using the triadan system, the proper way to describe a dog’s maxillary left permanent premolar is:

A

205

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9
Q

using the triadan system, the proper way to describe a cat’s first mandibular right molar is

A

409

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10
Q

the pulp canal of a tooth contains

A

blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissues

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11
Q

as part of normal tooth development, what part of the tooth widen

A

dentin

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12
Q

which of the following statements regarding enamel is true?

a. contains living tissue
b. covers the tooth crown and root
c. continues production by the ameloblasts after eruption
d. is relatively nonporous and impervious

A

d. is relatively nonporous and impervious

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13
Q

dentin is covered by:

A

cementum and enamel

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14
Q

normal scissor occlusion occurs when the maxillary fourth premolars occlude:

A

buccally to the mandibular first molar

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15
Q

which of the following correctly describes the adult feline dental formula

A

2 x I 3/3 C 1/1 P 3/2 M 1/1

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16
Q

the carnassial teeth in dogs are:

A

4^P4 and 1vMv1

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17
Q

the free or marginal gingiva

A

forms the gingival sulcus around the tooth

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18
Q

the periodontium includes the periodontal ligament and what other 3 properties

A

gingiva, cementum, alveolar bone

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19
Q

a bulldog would be described as having what type of head shape

A

bracycephalic

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20
Q

in veterinary dentistry, chlorexidine solutions are used bc they

A

have antibacterial properties

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21
Q

when using hand instruments to clean teeth:

A

use a modified pen grasp with overlapping pull strokes that are directed away from the gingival margin

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22
Q

pocket depth is measured from the

A

current free gingival margin to the bottom of the gingival sulcus

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23
Q

between patients, it i best to maintain instrumetns

A

use, wash, sharpen, and sterilize

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24
Q

when performing a dental prophylaxis, minimal safety equipment includes:

A

safety glasses, mask and gloves

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25
Q

you have an instrument in your hand that has two sharp sides, a rounded back, and a rounded point. Which instrument are you holding?

A

universal curette

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26
Q

when polishing teeth using an air driven unit, at what speed should the hand piece be set?

A

low speed

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27
Q

the term that best describes a dog with an abnormally short mandible is:

A

bracygnathism

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28
Q

a malocclusion where one side of the mandible or maxilla is disproportionate to its other side is known as:

A

wry mouth

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29
Q

a malocclusion in which the canines erupt in an overly upright position or the mandible is narrowed, is known as

A

base narrow mandibular canines

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30
Q

a malocclusion in which the upper foruth premolar lies palatal to the first molars is known as

A

posterior crossbite

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31
Q

a malocclusion in which one or more of the upper incisor teeth ar caudal to the lower incisors is known as

A

rostral crossbite

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32
Q

to prep a patient for surgical tooth extraction, which of the following should occur

A

scale, polish, rinse with chlorexidine, then extract

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33
Q

dry socket is more likely to occur when one:

A

overirrigates the tooth socket so that no clot can form

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34
Q

gingivoplasty is the

A

removal of hyperplastic ginigval tissue

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35
Q

to protect the pulp tissue of teeth from thermal damage during ultrasonic scaling, one should:

A

use constant irrigation

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36
Q

another term for neck lesions often seen on feline teeth is:

A

feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions

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37
Q

the most common dental procedure performed on a horse is:

A

floating

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38
Q

stomatitis is defined as

A

inflammation of the mouth’s soft tissue

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39
Q

a client would like to know what chew toy would be the safest for her dog’s teeth. you suggest that she is best to give “fido” a

A

dense rubber exerciser

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40
Q

when taking radiographs of the canine tooth in a large breed, what size of dental film should be used to ensure that the whole tooth is included?

A

4

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41
Q

dental film should be placed in the mouth with the dimple facing

A

up and pointing rostrally

42
Q

the flap side of the dental film should face

A

away from the tube head

43
Q

the bisecting angle principle states that the plane of an x ray beam should be 90 degrees to the

A

imaginary line that bisects the angle formed by the tooth’ long axis and the film plane

44
Q

you are looking at your dental radiograph and notie that the tooth is elongated. this happened bc the beam is was perpendicular to the

A

tooth

45
Q

abbreviations are commonly used in veterinary practice, and some abbreviations are exclusive to dental terminology. which abbreviation best sligns with a complicated crown and root fracture ?

A

CCRF

46
Q

a scaler is used to

A

scale large amount of calculus from the tooth surface

47
Q

what mineralized tissue covers the root of the tooth

A

cementum

48
Q

the nerves and blood vessels of a tooth are located in the

A

pup cavity

49
Q

when scaling gross calculus from the teeth

A

hold the scaler using a modified pen grasp

50
Q

**which of the following statements is true about ultrasonic scaling? **

a. ultrasonic scaling is the only method to clean a tooth surface fully
b. ultrasonic scaling causes thermal damage to the tooth if the tip is kept on a tooth for < 5 seconds
c. the ultrasonic scaler works by spraying the tooth with water to wash the tooth clean
d. the purpose of the water spray on an ultrasonic scaler is to cool the tip of the instruments and cool the tooth to prevent pulp damage

A

d. the purpose of the water spray on an ultrasonic scaler is to cool the tip of the instruments and cool the tooth to prevent pulp damage

51
Q

the following statements are all true except?

a. sulcus depth is measured using a probe
b. a sulcus depth <~ mm is normal in a cat
c. a sulcus depth > 3 mm indicates periodontal disease
d. the probe is inserted gently into the gingival sulcus parallel to the root of the tooth

A

c. a sulcus depth > 3 mm indicates periodontal disease

52
Q

**all of the following are complications that may result from extraction, except: **

a. hemorrhage
b. jaw fracture
c. stomatitis
d. oronasal fistula

A

stomatitis

53
Q

an older dog with dental disease is presented to the clinic w/ draining tract below his right eye. what is most likely cause?

A

right sided maxillary carnassial tooth root abscess

54
Q

what members of the vet team make up the oral health care team

A

the vet, the VT, and receptionists

55
Q

why would thermal bone injury be a complication of tooth extraction

A

the bur will overheat and damage the soft tissue and bone

56
Q

brachygnathism is a genetic defect best characterized

A

a maxilla that is longer than the mandible

57
Q

prognathism is a normal condition in bracycephalic breeds but is considered a genetic defect in other breeds. It is best characterized as

A

a mandible is longer than the maxilla

58
Q

**malocclusions can lead to dental disease for all of the following reasons except **

a. soft tissue trauma from teeth that are abnormally positioned
b. accelerated development of periodontal disease resulting from the lack of normal wear and the normal flushing of teeth with saliva
c. abnormal wear of teeth resulting from malposition leading to fracture and pulp exposure
d. presence of resorptive lesions leading to the destruction of teeth

A

presence of resorptive lesions leading to the destruction of teeth

59
Q

which of the following teeth are not normally present in the adult cat?

A

a. P1 and P1 and P2

60
Q

the furcation is best described as

A

b. the space between two roots where they meet the crown

61
Q

what is the most common clinical sign of feline stomatits

A

c. erythematous, ulcerative, proliferative lesions affecting the gingiva, glossopalatine arches, tongue, lips, buccal mucosa, and/or hard palate

62
Q

an oronasal fistula can often occur secondary to:

A

c. abscess of the maxillary canine tooth

63
Q

**which of the following statements about canine toy breeds is true? **

a. chronic impaction of incisor teeth w hair and debris often results in chornic osteomyelitis
b. malocclusions are rare in toy breeds in comparision w giant breed dogs
c. enamel hypoplasia is a common finding in toy breeds
d. prognathism is considered a genetic defect in bracycephalic breeds

A

a. chronic impaction of incisor teeth w hair and debris often results in chornic osteomyelitis

64
Q

a biopsy report confirms that an oral mass is an acanthomatous ameloblastoma or an acanthomatous epulis. Which of the following statements is true regarding this growth?

a. it is a nonmalignant tumor
b. it is a malignant tumor
c. it is very likely to metastasize
d. it is related to presence of malocclusion

A

a. it is a nonmalignant tumor

65
Q

while performing a routine prophylactc dentistry, the VT notes a large, red raised lesion on the lip of her feline patient. The client reasonable differential for this lesion?

A

eosinophilic ulcer

66
Q

**feline cervical line lesions/feline neck lesions/feline resorptive lesions of great concern to vets. Which of the following statements regarding these lesions is false? **

a. feline resoprtive lesions are aggressive dental caries that result in resoprtion of roots and subsequent tooth loss
b. feline resorptive lesions often present with a rasberry seed type sign at the bas eof the tooth where it meets the gingival margin
c. feline resorptive lesions are effectively managed with steroid administration
d. it is common to find more than one feline cervical line lesion in the oral cavity

A

c. feline resorptive lesions are effectively managed with steroid administration

67
Q

**which of the following statements about eruption of permanent teeth is false? **

a. the permanent upper canines erupt mesial to the deciduous canines
b. the permanent lower canines erupt buccal to the deciduous canines
c. the permanent incisors erupt distal to the deciduous incisors
d. the permanent canine teeth erupt at 5 to 6 months of age in a dog

A

b. the permanent lower canines erupt buccal to the deciduous canines

68
Q

the pulp of the tooth has which of the following functions?

A

c. contains blood vessels and nerves that provide nutrition and sensation to the tooth

69
Q

when the pulp cavity of a tooth is exposed, what is (are) the appropriate procedure (s) that should be performed?

A

a. tooth extraction or root canal therapy

70
Q

in patients w severe, chronic peridontal disease, medication can administered before a dental cleaning is performed. what is the most common type of medication chosen for these animals?

A

Antimicrobials

71
Q

from birth to 9 months of age, what condition is not present in the oral cavity ?

A

occurrence of the oral masses

72
Q
A
73
Q

the bisecting angle technique is a method for radiographing the oral cavity. The description that adequately describes this technique is

A

the central radiation bean is directed perpendicular to the line that bisects the angle formed by the film and the long axis of the tooth

74
Q

the curette is used to

A

scale calculus from the tooth surface located in the gingival sulcus

75
Q

what is true about performing an ultrasonic scaling during routine dental prophylaxis ?

A

it should not be on the tooth for longer than 10-15 seconds at a time to prevent thermal damage to the pulp cavity,
should be grasped like a pencil and
the side of the instrument should be used against the tooth rather than the tip

76
Q

what is true regarding patient safety during dentistry ?

A
  • provide thermal support as hypothermia can occur especially in cats and smaller dogs
  • lg beed dogs should be rolled w their legs under to prevent GDV crisis
  • one must monitor the patient to ensure that fluids and debris from the dentistry do not gain access to the trachea
77
Q

a dog exposed to distemper as a puppy may develop which of the following oral conditions?

A

Enamel hypoplasia

78
Q

sometimes a 0.12% chlorehex solution is sprayed in the patient’s mouth before beginning dental prophylaxis. What is the benefit of this activity?

A

reduces the bacterial load in the mouth to reduce exposure to the technician who performs the procedure

79
Q

what is true about polishing a animal’s teeth following scaling?

A
  • polishing paste used should be of medium or fine granularity
  • it acts to remove microscopic grooves left by scaling process
  • the polishing instrument should be moved from tooth to tooth to prevent thermal damage to the pulp
80
Q

the triadan system is a

A

tooth id system designed to aid in dental charting

81
Q

oligodontia is defined as

A

congenital absence of many, but not all, teeth

82
Q

when comparing the siz of the upper canine tooth, how much of the tooth is exposed vs that below the gumline

A

1/3 of the tooth is exposed

83
Q

the upper 4th PM communicates with what

A

maxillary

84
Q

the crown of a tooth is defined as

A

the portion above the gum line and covered by the enamel

85
Q

the range for acceptable gingival sulcus measurements in cats is

A

0.5 - 1 mm

86
Q

how does tracheal rupture occur in feline dental patients ?

A

overinflation of the ET tube cuff

87
Q

what stage of periodontal disease shows no change to the alveolar height, but inc mild gingival inflammation?

A

stage 1

88
Q

When assessing and quantifying gingivitis, the modified Loe and silness index is often referred to. According to this index, a gingical index indicates:

A

clinically healthy gingiva

89
Q

what drug should not be given to preg dogs bc it may cause discoloration of the puppies teeth?

A

Tetracycline

90
Q

the occlusal surface is defined as the

A

chewing surface of the tooth

91
Q

the normal adult canine mouth has how many perm teeth

A

42

92
Q

when grading tooth mobility, which of the following grades corresponds to a grade 2

A

horizontal mvmt > 1 mm

93
Q

which of the following is a complication that might develop if a curette is used improperly ?

A

torn epithelial attachment

94
Q

which tooth has 3 roots

A

upper fourth premolar

95
Q

**which statement concerning the polishing aspect of dental prophylaxis is the least accurate? **

a. slow speed should be used
b. adequate prophy paste is needed for lubrication and polishing
c. the polisher should remain on the tooth for as long as is needed to polish the tooth
d. if teeth are not polished, the rough enamel will promote bacterial plaque formation

A

c. the polisher should remain on the tooth for as long as is needed to polish the tooth

96
Q

what term identifies the wearing away of anamel by tooth against tooth contact during mastication

A

attrition

97
Q

when grading frucation invlvement, which of the following descriptions would be termed grade 1?

A

the furcation can be felt w the probe/ explorer, but horizontal tissue destruction is < 1/3 of the horizontal width

98
Q

what term indentifies the loss of the tooth structure by an outside cause?

A

Abrasion

99
Q

the thin film covering a tooth that is composed of bacteria, saliva, and food particles is

A

plaque

100
Q

what is the min age for a cat to have all of its perm teeth

A

6 months

101
Q

in gen, most dental instruments should be held as you would a

A

pencil

102
Q
A

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