dentistry Flashcards
apical means “towards ____ “
root tip
whenassessing and quantifying gingivitis, the modified Loe and Silness index is often referred to. According to this index, a gingival index 3 indicates:
Moderate gingivitis, with gentle probing resulting in bleeding
hypodontia is defined as
absence of only a few teeth
abbreviations are commonly used in veterinary practice, and some abbreviations are exclusive to terminology. Which abbreviation best aligns with the complicated crown fracture?
CCF
when grading furcation involvement, which of the following descriptions is termed grade 3?
the probe can be passed through the furcation from buccal to palatal/lingual
when grading tooth mobility, which of the following grades corresponds to grade 3 ?
vertical and horizontal movement
which teeth on each side of the dog’s mouth have three roots?
maxillary: fourth premolars and first and second molars
at what age do the permanent canine and premolar teeth in dogs generally erupt
4-6 months
using the triadan system, the proper way to describe a dog’s maxillary left permanent premolar is:
205
using the triadan system, the proper way to describe a cat’s first mandibular right molar is
409
the pulp canal of a tooth contains
blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissues
as part of normal tooth development, what part of the tooth widen
dentin
which of the following statements regarding enamel is true?
a. contains living tissue
b. covers the tooth crown and root
c. continues production by the ameloblasts after eruption
d. is relatively nonporous and impervious
d. is relatively nonporous and impervious
dentin is covered by:
cementum and enamel
normal scissor occlusion occurs when the maxillary fourth premolars occlude:
buccally to the mandibular first molar
which of the following correctly describes the adult feline dental formula
2 x I 3/3 C 1/1 P 3/2 M 1/1
the carnassial teeth in dogs are:
4^P4 and 1vMv1
the free or marginal gingiva
forms the gingival sulcus around the tooth
the periodontium includes the periodontal ligament and what other 3 properties
gingiva, cementum, alveolar bone
a bulldog would be described as having what type of head shape
bracycephalic
in veterinary dentistry, chlorexidine solutions are used bc they
have antibacterial properties
when using hand instruments to clean teeth:
use a modified pen grasp with overlapping pull strokes that are directed away from the gingival margin
pocket depth is measured from the
current free gingival margin to the bottom of the gingival sulcus
between patients, it i best to maintain instrumetns
use, wash, sharpen, and sterilize
when performing a dental prophylaxis, minimal safety equipment includes:
safety glasses, mask and gloves
you have an instrument in your hand that has two sharp sides, a rounded back, and a rounded point. Which instrument are you holding?
universal curette
when polishing teeth using an air driven unit, at what speed should the hand piece be set?
low speed
the term that best describes a dog with an abnormally short mandible is:
bracygnathism
a malocclusion where one side of the mandible or maxilla is disproportionate to its other side is known as:
wry mouth
a malocclusion in which the canines erupt in an overly upright position or the mandible is narrowed, is known as
base narrow mandibular canines
a malocclusion in which the upper foruth premolar lies palatal to the first molars is known as
posterior crossbite
a malocclusion in which one or more of the upper incisor teeth ar caudal to the lower incisors is known as
rostral crossbite
to prep a patient for surgical tooth extraction, which of the following should occur
scale, polish, rinse with chlorexidine, then extract
dry socket is more likely to occur when one:
overirrigates the tooth socket so that no clot can form
gingivoplasty is the
removal of hyperplastic ginigval tissue
to protect the pulp tissue of teeth from thermal damage during ultrasonic scaling, one should:
use constant irrigation
another term for neck lesions often seen on feline teeth is:
feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions
the most common dental procedure performed on a horse is:
floating
stomatitis is defined as
inflammation of the mouth’s soft tissue
a client would like to know what chew toy would be the safest for her dog’s teeth. you suggest that she is best to give “fido” a
dense rubber exerciser
when taking radiographs of the canine tooth in a large breed, what size of dental film should be used to ensure that the whole tooth is included?
4
dental film should be placed in the mouth with the dimple facing
up and pointing rostrally
the flap side of the dental film should face
away from the tube head
the bisecting angle principle states that the plane of an x ray beam should be 90 degrees to the
imaginary line that bisects the angle formed by the tooth’ long axis and the film plane
you are looking at your dental radiograph and notie that the tooth is elongated. this happened bc the beam is was perpendicular to the
tooth
abbreviations are commonly used in veterinary practice, and some abbreviations are exclusive to dental terminology. which abbreviation best sligns with a complicated crown and root fracture ?
CCRF
a scaler is used to
scale large amount of calculus from the tooth surface
what mineralized tissue covers the root of the tooth
cementum
the nerves and blood vessels of a tooth are located in the
pup cavity
when scaling gross calculus from the teeth
hold the scaler using a modified pen grasp
**which of the following statements is true about ultrasonic scaling? **
a. ultrasonic scaling is the only method to clean a tooth surface fully
b. ultrasonic scaling causes thermal damage to the tooth if the tip is kept on a tooth for < 5 seconds
c. the ultrasonic scaler works by spraying the tooth with water to wash the tooth clean
d. the purpose of the water spray on an ultrasonic scaler is to cool the tip of the instruments and cool the tooth to prevent pulp damage
d. the purpose of the water spray on an ultrasonic scaler is to cool the tip of the instruments and cool the tooth to prevent pulp damage
the following statements are all true except?
a. sulcus depth is measured using a probe
b. a sulcus depth <~ mm is normal in a cat
c. a sulcus depth > 3 mm indicates periodontal disease
d. the probe is inserted gently into the gingival sulcus parallel to the root of the tooth
c. a sulcus depth > 3 mm indicates periodontal disease
**all of the following are complications that may result from extraction, except: **
a. hemorrhage
b. jaw fracture
c. stomatitis
d. oronasal fistula
stomatitis
an older dog with dental disease is presented to the clinic w/ draining tract below his right eye. what is most likely cause?
right sided maxillary carnassial tooth root abscess
what members of the vet team make up the oral health care team
the vet, the VT, and receptionists
why would thermal bone injury be a complication of tooth extraction
the bur will overheat and damage the soft tissue and bone
brachygnathism is a genetic defect best characterized
a maxilla that is longer than the mandible
prognathism is a normal condition in bracycephalic breeds but is considered a genetic defect in other breeds. It is best characterized as
a mandible is longer than the maxilla
**malocclusions can lead to dental disease for all of the following reasons except **
a. soft tissue trauma from teeth that are abnormally positioned
b. accelerated development of periodontal disease resulting from the lack of normal wear and the normal flushing of teeth with saliva
c. abnormal wear of teeth resulting from malposition leading to fracture and pulp exposure
d. presence of resorptive lesions leading to the destruction of teeth
presence of resorptive lesions leading to the destruction of teeth
which of the following teeth are not normally present in the adult cat?
a. P1 and P1 and P2
the furcation is best described as
b. the space between two roots where they meet the crown
what is the most common clinical sign of feline stomatits
c. erythematous, ulcerative, proliferative lesions affecting the gingiva, glossopalatine arches, tongue, lips, buccal mucosa, and/or hard palate
an oronasal fistula can often occur secondary to:
c. abscess of the maxillary canine tooth
**which of the following statements about canine toy breeds is true? **
a. chronic impaction of incisor teeth w hair and debris often results in chornic osteomyelitis
b. malocclusions are rare in toy breeds in comparision w giant breed dogs
c. enamel hypoplasia is a common finding in toy breeds
d. prognathism is considered a genetic defect in bracycephalic breeds
a. chronic impaction of incisor teeth w hair and debris often results in chornic osteomyelitis
a biopsy report confirms that an oral mass is an acanthomatous ameloblastoma or an acanthomatous epulis. Which of the following statements is true regarding this growth?
a. it is a nonmalignant tumor
b. it is a malignant tumor
c. it is very likely to metastasize
d. it is related to presence of malocclusion
a. it is a nonmalignant tumor
while performing a routine prophylactc dentistry, the VT notes a large, red raised lesion on the lip of her feline patient. The client reasonable differential for this lesion?
eosinophilic ulcer
**feline cervical line lesions/feline neck lesions/feline resorptive lesions of great concern to vets. Which of the following statements regarding these lesions is false? **
a. feline resoprtive lesions are aggressive dental caries that result in resoprtion of roots and subsequent tooth loss
b. feline resorptive lesions often present with a rasberry seed type sign at the bas eof the tooth where it meets the gingival margin
c. feline resorptive lesions are effectively managed with steroid administration
d. it is common to find more than one feline cervical line lesion in the oral cavity
c. feline resorptive lesions are effectively managed with steroid administration
**which of the following statements about eruption of permanent teeth is false? **
a. the permanent upper canines erupt mesial to the deciduous canines
b. the permanent lower canines erupt buccal to the deciduous canines
c. the permanent incisors erupt distal to the deciduous incisors
d. the permanent canine teeth erupt at 5 to 6 months of age in a dog
b. the permanent lower canines erupt buccal to the deciduous canines
the pulp of the tooth has which of the following functions?
c. contains blood vessels and nerves that provide nutrition and sensation to the tooth
when the pulp cavity of a tooth is exposed, what is (are) the appropriate procedure (s) that should be performed?
a. tooth extraction or root canal therapy
in patients w severe, chronic peridontal disease, medication can administered before a dental cleaning is performed. what is the most common type of medication chosen for these animals?
Antimicrobials
from birth to 9 months of age, what condition is not present in the oral cavity ?
occurrence of the oral masses
the bisecting angle technique is a method for radiographing the oral cavity. The description that adequately describes this technique is
the central radiation bean is directed perpendicular to the line that bisects the angle formed by the film and the long axis of the tooth
the curette is used to
scale calculus from the tooth surface located in the gingival sulcus
what is true about performing an ultrasonic scaling during routine dental prophylaxis ?
it should not be on the tooth for longer than 10-15 seconds at a time to prevent thermal damage to the pulp cavity,
should be grasped like a pencil and
the side of the instrument should be used against the tooth rather than the tip
what is true regarding patient safety during dentistry ?
- provide thermal support as hypothermia can occur especially in cats and smaller dogs
- lg beed dogs should be rolled w their legs under to prevent GDV crisis
- one must monitor the patient to ensure that fluids and debris from the dentistry do not gain access to the trachea
a dog exposed to distemper as a puppy may develop which of the following oral conditions?
Enamel hypoplasia
sometimes a 0.12% chlorehex solution is sprayed in the patient’s mouth before beginning dental prophylaxis. What is the benefit of this activity?
reduces the bacterial load in the mouth to reduce exposure to the technician who performs the procedure
what is true about polishing a animal’s teeth following scaling?
- polishing paste used should be of medium or fine granularity
- it acts to remove microscopic grooves left by scaling process
- the polishing instrument should be moved from tooth to tooth to prevent thermal damage to the pulp
the triadan system is a
tooth id system designed to aid in dental charting
oligodontia is defined as
congenital absence of many, but not all, teeth
when comparing the siz of the upper canine tooth, how much of the tooth is exposed vs that below the gumline
1/3 of the tooth is exposed
the upper 4th PM communicates with what
maxillary
the crown of a tooth is defined as
the portion above the gum line and covered by the enamel
the range for acceptable gingival sulcus measurements in cats is
0.5 - 1 mm
how does tracheal rupture occur in feline dental patients ?
overinflation of the ET tube cuff
what stage of periodontal disease shows no change to the alveolar height, but inc mild gingival inflammation?
stage 1
When assessing and quantifying gingivitis, the modified Loe and silness index is often referred to. According to this index, a gingical index indicates:
clinically healthy gingiva
what drug should not be given to preg dogs bc it may cause discoloration of the puppies teeth?
Tetracycline
the occlusal surface is defined as the
chewing surface of the tooth
the normal adult canine mouth has how many perm teeth
42
when grading tooth mobility, which of the following grades corresponds to a grade 2
horizontal mvmt > 1 mm
which of the following is a complication that might develop if a curette is used improperly ?
torn epithelial attachment
which tooth has 3 roots
upper fourth premolar
**which statement concerning the polishing aspect of dental prophylaxis is the least accurate? **
a. slow speed should be used
b. adequate prophy paste is needed for lubrication and polishing
c. the polisher should remain on the tooth for as long as is needed to polish the tooth
d. if teeth are not polished, the rough enamel will promote bacterial plaque formation
c. the polisher should remain on the tooth for as long as is needed to polish the tooth
what term identifies the wearing away of anamel by tooth against tooth contact during mastication
attrition
when grading frucation invlvement, which of the following descriptions would be termed grade 1?
the furcation can be felt w the probe/ explorer, but horizontal tissue destruction is < 1/3 of the horizontal width
what term indentifies the loss of the tooth structure by an outside cause?
Abrasion
the thin film covering a tooth that is composed of bacteria, saliva, and food particles is
plaque
what is the min age for a cat to have all of its perm teeth
6 months
in gen, most dental instruments should be held as you would a
pencil
