Dentistry Flashcards
1
Q
Permanent canine dental formula?
A
(I 3/3, C 1/1, P 4/4, M2/3) x2 -> 42 total teeth
Student #4, BE, Pg 1218
2
Q
Deciduous canine dental formula?
A
(I 3/3, C1/1, P 3/3) x2 ->28 total teeth
Student #4 BE, PG 1218
3
Q
Permanent feline dental formula?
A
(I 3/3, C1/1, P 3/2, M 1/1) x2 ->30 total teeth
Student #4, BE, Pg 1218
4
Q
Deciduous feline dental formula? Total teeth?
A
(I 3/3, C1/1, P 3/2) x2 -> 26 total teeth
Student #4, BE, Pg. 1218
5
Q
Four types of teeth for canines and felines?
A
Incisors, canines, premolars, molars
Student #4, BE, Pg 1218
6
Q
What type of teeth do horses and rodents have?
A
Hypsodont
Student #11 ML
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1116
7
Q
What type of teeth do cats and pigs have?
A
Brachydont
Student #11 ML
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1116
8
Q
What is the most common dental charting system?
A
Modified Triadan System
Student #11 ML
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1117
9
Q
The incorrect alignment of teeth or jaw
A
Malocclusion
Student #11 ML
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1118
10
Q
What is the largest shearing teeth of dogs, cats, and other carnivores?
A
Carnassial teeth
Student #11 ML
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1119
11
Q
Caudal stomatitis
A
Inflammation of the back of the oral cavity
Student #20
McCurnin 10th ed. pg.1127
12
Q
What should the pharynx be examined for?
A
inflammation and neoplasia
Student #20
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 118
13
Q
Sonic scaler
A
Powered by an air compressor on a dental unit and is attached to the high speed air line
Student #20
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1136
14
Q
Inferior Alveolar nerve block
A
Prevents sensation of the soft tissue and bone of the entire i[silateral mandibular
Student #20
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1144
15
Q
Endodontics
A
Subspectality of dentristy that deals only with the tx of inside the tooth pulp and periapical tissues.
Student #20
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1149
16
Q
Define brachyodont
A
Tooth type with a small, distinct crown compared with large, well-developed roots.
student # 10 AJ
McCurnin 10th edition page 1218
17
Q
define hypsodont
A
Tooth type with a long reserve crown and roots that all for continued growth and/ or continued eruption.
student # 10 AJ
McCurnin 10th edition page 1218
18
Q
What does the term mesial mean?
A
Is a positional term in dentistry that refers to the surface of the tooth along the dental arch that is closest to the rostral midline of the dental arch.
student # 10 AJ
McCurnin 10th edition page 1219
19
Q
What does the term distal mean in dentistry?
A
The portion of the tooth that is closest to the most caudal portion of the dental arch.
student # 10 AJ
McCurnin 10th edition page 1219
20
Q
What does diphyoodont mean?
A
Has two sets of teeth (baby/ primary and adult/secondary)
student # 10 AJ
McCurnin 10th edition page 1218
21
Q
When using ultrasonic scalers, the water pressure should be at a minimum of ______ psi.
A
25 psi
Student #3, SC
McCurnin 10th Edition Page: 1138
22
Q
What are the 4 scaling instruments?
A
Curettes, Sickles, Files, and Hoes
Student #3, SC
McCurnin 10th Edition Page:1140
23
Q
What are the 2 examination instruments?
A
Probes and Explorers
Student #3, SC
McCurnin 10th Edition Page:1140
24
Q
Sickle scalers are used to scale what part of the teeth?
A
The Crowns
Student #3, SC
McCurnin 10th Edition Page:1141
25
Curettes where designed for what?
Subgingival scaling and Root planing
Student #3, SC
McCurnin 10th Edition Page:1141
26
What is an abnormal depth of the pocket or sulcus for the gums on a dog?
greater than 3 mm
Student #14, SP
McCurnin 10th Edition Pg: 1129
27
What is an abnormal depth of the sulcus or pocket for the gums on cats?
greater than 1 mm
Student #14, SP
McCurnin 10th Edition Pg: 1129
28
When taking radiographs when does cone cutting occur?
Cone cutting occurs when the beam does not impact portions of the sensor, plate or film, resulting in the areas with no image.
Student #14, SP
McCurnin 10th Edition Pg: 1132
29
How can you fix elongation and foreshortening of radiographs?
You should think of the sun: when the sun is low in the sky the shadow is more long, and at midday the shadow will be very short.
Student #14, SP
McCurnin 10th Edition Pg: 1132
30
What four structures is the periodontium composed of?
Periodontal ligaments, gingival connective tissue, alveolar bone forming the tooth socket, and cementum covering the surface of the root.
Student #14, SP
McCurnin 10th Edition Pg: 1133
31
In regards to dental radiology, elongation and foreshortening (stretched and shortened images) are caused by what?
Inaccurate vertical angulation during alignment of the beam
Student #6, AF, McCurnin 10th Edition pg: 1132
32
A diagnostic dental image must include what?
2 to 3mm of bone around the apex of the tooth and the level of the alveolar bone
Student #6, AF, McCurnin 10th Edition pg: 1132
33
What does the tooth pulp consist of?
Nerves, blood vessels, lymphatics, and connective tissue
Student #6, AF, McCurnin 10th Edition pg: 1149
34
What is the apical delta?
Small openings in the apex of the tooth root where pulp tissue enters
Student #6, AF, McCurnin 10th Edition pg: 1149
35
What is a class I malocclusion?
The maxillary and mandibular jaw lengths are normal but one or more teeth are in an abnormal position
Student #6, AF, McCurnin 10th Edition pg: 1151
36
What is the canine dental eruption schedule for permanent teeth?
Incisors: 12-16 weeks
Canines: 12-16 weeks
Premolars: 16-20 weeks
Molars: 16-20 weeks
Student #6, AF, McCurnin 10th Edition pg: 1116
37
What structures are considered radiopaque and block or absorb radiation, causing a portion of the processed radiograph to appear light or white?
Cementum, dentin, and bone.
Student #8 KH, McCurnin 10th ed. pg 1133
38
_________describes inflammation not only of the gingiva but also of the other structures of the periodontium
Periodontitis
Student #8 KH, McCurnin 10th ed. pg 1134
39
What safety precaution can be taken to reduce the quantity of aerosolized bacteria during a dental cleaning?
The mouth can be rinsed with chlorohexidine (0.12%).
Student #8 KH, McCurnin 10th ed. pg 1036
40
What is the final step in a routine dental and why is it critical to the process?
Polishing.
Polishing is used to provide a smooth surface as the tooth has been microscopically scratched during the scaling process. It also removes extrinsic stains not removed with hand or power scalers.
Student #8 KH, McCurnin 10th ed. pg 1143
41
___________ prevents sensation in the entire maxillary quadrant on buccal and palatal sides of the teeth.
Maxillary Nerve Block
Student #8 KH, McCurnin 10th ed. pg 1044
42
Occlusal surfaces are susceptible to __________?
Caries lesions AKA cavities
#19 mw
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1120
43
When the upper jaw is wider than the lower jaw. (Common in most animals.)
Anisognathism
#19 mw
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1119
44
What is included in the extraoral examination?
Face, head, eyes, ears, and neck.
#19 mw
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1125
45
Non-surgical instrumentation the removes hard and soft deposits from teeth.
Periodontal debridement
#19 mw
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1135
46
What is interceptive orthodontics?
The extraction of persistent deciduous teeth.
#19 mw
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1153
47
Why should vet techs encourage owners to look for dental products with a VOHC seal?
The Veterinary Oral Health Council issues a VOHC seal of acceptance to products that have proved to reduce plaque and/or calculus on the basis of generally accepted protocols
#18 BKS
McCurnin 9th ed. pg 1251
48
What are some behavioral signs of oral disease?
1. Face rubbing
2. Pawing at the mouth
3. Unusual aggression
4. Chattering of the lower jaw
5. Resenting touch or manipulation of the head
#18 BKS
McCurnin 9th ed. pg. 1222
49
25% to 50% attachment loss; moderate periodontitis
Grade III periodontal disease
#18 BKS
McCurnin 9th ed. pg 1248
50
When this type of lesion develops at the gingival margin, the adjacent gingiva often covers the lesion with a combination of hyperplastic gingiva and granulation tissue
Tooth resorption
#18 BKS
McCurnin 9th ed. pg 1257-1258
51
Which teeth are often extracted in horses because of concern for causing oral discomfort especially when the bit contacts the tooth
wolf teeth
#18 BKS
McCurnin 9th ed. pg 1264
52
Incisors are used for _____, Canines are used for ______, and pre - molars / molars are used for _____
Blank #1 - Gnawing and grooming
Blank #2 - Prehending and holding
Blank #3 - Shearing and grinding
#1 MA
McCurnin 10th ed. pg 1116
53
Hypsodont teeth can be divided into two categories: ________ which is seen in horses and ________ which is seen in rabbits.
Blank #1 - Radicular hypsodont
Blank #2 - Aradicular hypsodont
#1 MA
McCurnin 10th ed. pg 1116
54
Mandibular lymph nodes are easily palpable in most species besides _______ unless they're enlarged?
Cats
#1 MA
McCurnin 10th ed. pg 1125
55
What does the soft palate consist of? What does it separate?
Answer #1
Mucosa and muscle
Answer #2
Seperates the oropharynx from the nasopharynx
#1 MA
McCurnin 10th ed. pg 1126
56
How would you round a probe measurement that lands between millimeter markings? (Ex. 2.5 mm)
Marking should be rounded up to the larger measurement (Ex. 2.5 mm should be rounded to 3 mm)
#1 MA
McCurnin 10th ed. pg 1129
57
What organization is responsible for testing and approving commercial veterinary dental products?
VOHC- Veterinary Oral Health Council
#5 SF
58
Define buccal surface
The surface of the tooth that touches the inside of the patient's cheeks
#5 SF
59
What is the difference between a closed fracture and an open fracture of a tooth?
Closed: fracture only extends through enamel/dentin
Open: fracture extends into pulp
#5 SF
60
Why shouldn't you use a spring-loaded mouth gag in cats?
Use of spring-loaded mouth gags in cats has been shown to cause blindness in cats due to restriction of blood flow to the retinas.
#5 SF
61
What is chronic ulcerative paradental stomatitis (CUPS) or contact stomatitis?
Bacteria in the plaque that contribute to painful mucosal ulcerations.
Student #16 ER
McCurnin 10th Edition pg 1125
62
What is the raised structure located at the midline behind the maxillary incisors on dogs and cats?
Incisive papilla
Student #16 ER
McCurnin 10th Edition pg
63
What is the difference between abrasion and attrition?
Abrasion refers to tooth wear associated with aggressive chewing on external objects like rocks, toys, and ice cubes.
Attrition refers to tooth wear of associated with tooth-to-tooth contact over time.
Student #16 ER
McCurnin 10th Edition pg 1130
64
How much of the bone around the apex of the tooth and the level of the alveolar bone should be included in a dental radiograph?
2-3 mm
Student #16 ER
McCurnin 10th Edition pg 1132
65
Why are regional nerve blocks used during extractions?
They lower inhalant requirements and provide postoperative pain relief.
Student #16 ER
McCurnin 10th Edition pg 1148
66
What is the periodontium?
The periodontium is the supporting structures of the teeth
#15
HP
McCurnin 9th ed. pg .1227
67
Which area does the middle mental nerve block act on?
From the ipsilateral rostral lower lip to the rostral labial frenulum
#15
HP
McCurnin 9th ed. pg .1247
68
What is a class II malocclusion?
A class II malocclusion occurs when the mandible is shorter than the maxilla (aka overshot or overbite).
#15
HP
McCurnin 9th ed. pg .1259
69
What is the tip of the curette known as?
The 'toe'
#15
HP
McCurnin 9th ed. pg .1243
70
Which area does the infraorbital nerve block act on?
The infraorbital nerve block prevents sensation of the ipsilateral rostral lower lip from the rostral labial frenulum
#15
HP
McCurnin 9th ed. pg .1247
71
Why are dental radiographs important?
It provides an important diagnostic tool to detect pathologic conditions that are not clincially visible in the mouth.
Student #2 vc
McCurnin 10th ed. pg 1131
72
When performing a periodontal debridement, what is important to keep the patient safe?
Use a cuffed endotracheal tube and gravity to prevent aspiration of fluids and debris.
Student #2 vc
McCurnin 10th ed. pg 1136
73
What is the most common oral tumor in cats?
Squamous cell carcinoma, which accounts for approximately 70% of all oral tumors in cats.
Student #2 vc
McCurnin 10th ed. pg 1154
74
What is Masticatory Myositis?
An immune mediated disease, in which the immune system forms antibodies toward specific components of myosin found only in muscles of mastication.
Student #2 vc
McCurnin 10th ed. pg 1155
75
What principle is a regulatory safety regulation that should be applied to minimize radiation doses to all patients?
ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable)
Student #2 vc
McCurnin 10th ed. pg 1131
76
What is the proper way to hold/position a power scaler on a tooth?
It should be held like a pen and held 0 to 15 degrees from the long axis of the tooth.
#13 KM
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1137
77
How can you tell if the pulp chamber is exposed on a tooth?
When the explorer is run along the surface of the tooth, the tip of the explorer will fall into the chamber if it is exposed.
#13 KM
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1131
78
What is a concern when performing a maxillary nerve block?
Due to the required positioning of the needle, care must be taken to not insert the needle to far because the positioning is directly ventral to the eye.
#13 KM
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1144
79
What is the most used local anesthetic to perform local blocks in the mouth?
Bupivacaine, which is effective in 6-10 minutes and can last 4-8 hours.
#13 KM
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1143
80
What PPE is recommended when performing a dental cleaning?
Gloves, a mask, eye protection, and gowns/scrubs that can be changed out of after the procedure.
#13 KM
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1136
81
What is class III malocclusion?
The maxilla is relatively shorter than the mandible.
#9 KJ
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1152
82
How long should you polish each tooth for?
3-5 seconds.
#9 KJ
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1143
83
Bupivacaine used as a local anesthetic takes effect in __________ minutes and lasts for ____________ hours.
6-10 minutes, 4-8 hours.
#9 KJ
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1143
84
What are curettes designed for?
They are designed for subgingival scaling and root planning.
#9 KJ
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1141
85
What is the definition of Cavitation?
It is defined as the energy that is created from the mists of water. As the water coolant exits the handpiece and strikes the vibrating working end, it creates thousands of water bubbles. When those bubbles implode with enough energy they are able to destroy bacterial cell walls.
#9 KJ
McCurnin 10th ed. pg. 1136
86
Define anisognathism.
The upper jaw being wider than the lower jaw
#5 SF
McCurnin's 9th ed. pg 1221
87
Treatment of an equine tooth root abscess involves_____
Antibiotics along with extraction or endodontic therapy of the affected tooth.
Student #7, HHS
McCurnin 10th edition, pg:1158
88
What does it mean when a horse's teeth are being floated?
The process of mechanically adjusting the occlusal surface of teeth
Student #7, HHS
McCurnin 10th edition, pg:1158
89
What are some complications that can arise during extraction?
Hemorrhage, ocular trauma, displacement of a tooth root, jaw fracture.
Student #7, HHS
McCurnin 10th edition, pg:1148
90
What is the Bass technique for tooth brushing?
A soft-bristled toothbrush should be placed at a 45-degree angle to the gingival margin so that some bristles enter the sulcus and some rest on the teeth. Then the brush should be moved in short strokes for 5-10 seconds per group of teeth. This method uses water instead of toothpaste.
Student #7, HHS
McCurnin 10th edition, pg:1147
91
How many deciduous teeth do horses have?
24
Student #12 JL
McCurnin 10th edition, pg:1156
92
What determines the number of permanent teeth in a horse?
The presence/absence of canine and first premolar teeth
Student #12 JL
McCurnin 10th edition, pg:1156
93
What causes pulp exposure?
Tooth fracture, excessive wear, or decay
Student #12 JL
McCurnin 10th edition, pg:1158
94
Signs of tooth root abscess?
Large swelling of the surrounding bone and soft tissue
Student #12 JL
McCurnin 10th edition, pg:1158
95
What is Wry Nose?
An orthodontic problem seen in foals. Wry Nose is a deviation of the incisive bone, maxilla, and nasal septum laterally from the midline.
Student #12 JL
McCurnin 10th edition, pg:1158
96
In cats: what tooth is not there on the left maxilla? On the right maxilla?
Left maxilla: 204. Right maxilla: 105.
#17 TAS-R
McCurnin 10th edition page 1119
97
In cats, which teeth have 3 roots?
3rd (sometimes) and 4th premolar
#17 TAS-R
McCurnin 10th edition page 1117
98
On a hand scaler, what teeth is the bent shank used for?
Premolars and molars
#17 TAS-R
McCurnin 10th edition page 1140
99
In dogs, which teeth have 3 roots?
3rd (sometime) premolars, 4th premolars, 1st and 2nd molars.
#17 TAS-R
McCurnin 10th edition page 1117
100
How many molars do puppies and kittens have?
Zero.
#17 TAS-R
McCurnin 10th edition page 1117
