dentifrices and rinses Flashcards
effects of dentifrices
hygienic (1)
therapeutic (4)
cosmetic (4)
Hygienic
-aids in food and biofilm removal
Therapeutic
-reverses noncavitated caries
-reduces gingivitis/inflammation
-reduces hypersensitivity
-reduces biofilm
Cosmetic
-removes stain
-whitens teeth
-freshens breath
-inhibits supragingival calculus formation
selection
professionals
- _____ based recommendations
- _____ benefits
- ___ term effects
patients
- _____
- immediate advantages (5)
- effect on overall ____/______ (allergies)
- cultural influences/beliefs
Dental professionals
Evidence-based recommendations
Therapeutic benefits
Long-term effects
Patients
Cost
Immediate advantages: flavor, breath, freshness; clean, white teeth
Effect on overall health or health problems; allergy
Cultural influences or beliefs
ADA seal
- undergone rigorous ______
- deemed _____ and ____
- products without the seal: does not mean product is _____ or ____. implied the product did not _____ approval.
- ALL products with the ADA seal MUST contain ______
Undergone rigorous testing/research
Deemed safe and effective
Products without the ADA Seal:
Does not mean product is not safe or effective; Implies the product did not obtain or apply for approval
- ALL products with the ADA seal MUST contain fluoride
anti caries dentifrice
indications:
fluoride types: (3)
indications: caries prevention, all caries risk levels depending on concentration
fluorides: sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, sodium monofluorophosphate
ANTI CARIES DENTIFRICE
nonfluoride components:
- remineralization agents (3)
antimicrobial components: (1)
nonfluoride components
Remineralization agents
- NovaMin (CSP)
- Recaldent (CPP-ACP)
- Tricalcium phosphate
Antimicrobial components
- Xylitol 10%
desensitizing dentifrice
Indications:
- Prevention or reduction of ________
Chemical:
- prevents _______ of nerves = no transmission of ____ stimulus
EX: (3)
Indications:
- Prevention or reduction of dentinal hypersensitivity
Chemical:
- prevents depolarization of nerves = no transmission of pain stimulus
EX: Potassium nitrate, Potassium citrate, Potassium chloride
DESENSITIZING DENTIFRICE
_______: blocks _____ tubules
- ______: calcium sodium phosphosilicate; (___, ___, ____)
- SnF2 & strontium acetate hemihydrate (_______)
- _____: casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (________)
- _____ ppm NaF
Combination Chemical and Mechanical
- _____ ppm fluoride product (_____ Sensitive - ___% NaF with __% Potassium nitrate)
Mechanical: blocks dentinal tubules
- Novamin: calcium sodium phosphosilicate; (Oravive, SoothRx, DenSheild)
- SnF2 & strontium acetate hemihydrate (Sensodyne Rapid Relief)
- Recaldent: casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (Colgate Pro-Relief)
- 5,000 ppm NaF
Combination Chemical and Mechanical
- 5,000 ppm fluoride product (PreviDent Sensitive - 1.1% NaF with 5% Potassium nitrate)
antigingivitis/antibacterial dentifrice
Indications: (2)
________ fluoride
- bactericidal and ______
Indications: gingival inflammation, biofilm control
Stannous Fluoride
- Bactericidal and bacteriostatic
antigingivitis/antibacterial dentifrice
____________
- Broad spectrum ____, bactericidal and bacteriostatic: disrupts ______
examples (2)
Chlorhexidine Gluconate
- Broad spectrum biocide, bactericidal and bacteriostatic-disrupts cell membrane
Examples
- 0.06% GUM Gingidex
- 0.12% GUM Paroex
anti calculus dentifrice
Indication:
Inhibit _________ of _____
Agents: (3)
Indication: rapid calculus formers
Inhibit mineralization of biofilm
Agents:
- Pyrophosphate salts
- Zinc salts (zinc chloride & zinc citrate)
- Sodium hexametaphosphate
anti stain dentifrice
Indications: (2)
recommended: _____ pH _____ toothpaste
______ toothpaste can damage teeth
Abrasives:
- Polish away _____ stains
- Caution: may increase ___, _____
________ and _______
- Chemically whitens
Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda)
- Very abrasive when ___
Charcoal
- No scientific evidence of ______
- May be very ______
Indications: heavy stain builders, patient dissatisfied with tooth color
recommended: Neutral pH whitening toothpaste
acidic toothpaste can damage teeth
Abrasives
- Polish away extrinsic stains
- Caution: may increase abrasions, sensitivity
Hydrogen and calcium peroxide
- Chemically whitens
Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda)
- Very abrasive when dry
Charcoal
- No scientific evidence of whitening
- May be very abrasive
relative dentin abrasivity (RDA)
determines _______ of MOST dentifrices
higher score =
___ or higher not recommended by ADA
low:
medium:
highly:
harmful limit:
determines abrasivness of MOST dentifrices
higher score = more abrasive
250 or higher not recommended by ADA
low: 0-70
medium: 71-100
highly: 101-150
harmful limit: 151-250
anti halitosis dentifrice
indicated for malodor due to: (6)
Reduce ________ or reduce ____
- CHX, ________ (CPC), and __
formulations
- _____ fluoride + sodium _______
due to: foods, Smoking, Xerostomia, Coated tongue, Periodontal disease, Poor oral hygiene
Reduce VSC (volatile sulfur compounds) or reduce bacteria
- CHX, cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), and zinc formulations
- Stannous fluoride + sodium metaphosphate
mouth rinse selection
May combine more than one ____ ingredient and/or ______
Could interact with _____- negating effects
Alcohol:
- Not for recovering _____
- Avoid with certain _____
Sensitive tissues
- ____ pH
- Bland
- _____-free
May combine more than one active ingredient and/or benefits
Could interact with toothpaste- negating effects
Alcohol
- Not for recovering alcoholics
- Avoid with certain antibiotics
Sensitive tissues
- Neutral pH
- Bland
- Alcohol-free
anticaries/desensitizing mouth rinses (2)
stannous fluoride (may stain teeth)
sodium fluoride
Anti-gingivitis/ Antibacterial mouthrinses
Active Ingredient = _______
- (EX: 4)
- NOT ____
Indications: (4)
No negative interactions with ______
Contraindicated for recovering ________
Active Ingredient = Essential Oils
- Eucalyptol, Menthol, Methyl salicyclate, Thymol
- NOT Alcohol
Indications: Gingivitis, biofilm
reduction, oral malodor, all
patients
No negative interactions with
toothpaste
Contraindicated for recovering
alcoholics
Anti-gingivitis mouth rinses
Active ingredient:
Indications: (2); Weak evidence for reduction in _____ and ______
Damages bacterial _______
May cause ____
Interacts w/ ___
- ______ CPC
- __ mins between brushing and rinsing
Active ingredient: Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC)
Indications: Gingivitis, biofilm reduction; Weak evidence for reduction in gingivitis and
biofilm
Damages bacterial cell membrane
May cause stain
Interacts w/ SLS
- Inactivates CPC
- 30 mins between brushing and rinsing
Chlorhexidine Gluconate (CHX)
mouthrinses
____ standard: most effective _____ and ______ agent available
Substantivity: ___ hours
Indications: (5)
___ Only
Alters bacterial ______; cell is ______
Side effects: (3)
Interacts w/ ___
- ______ CHX
- __ hour between brushing and rinsing
GOLD standard: most effective antimicrobial and antigingivitis agent available
Substantivity: 8-12 hours
Indications:
- Gingival inflammation
- Before, during, after periodontal debridement
- High risk caries patients
- Immunocompromised patients
- Post surgery
Rx Only
Alters bacterial cell wall; cell is destroyed
Side effects: staining, increased calculus, taste alteration
Interacts w/ SLS
- Inactivates CHX
- 1 hour between brushing and rinsing
moisturizing mouth rinse
indication
s_____
some contain _______ enzymes
indication: xerostomia
soothing
some contain salivary enzymes
Antiseptics (Oxygenating Agents)
Indication:
Active Ingredient:
Do not use for more than __ days
Indication: for relief and cleansing during healing of mouth sores or minor oral wounds
Active Ingredient: Peroxide
Do not use for more than 7 days
REVIEW dentifrice
anticaries: 3
desensitizer (mechanical/chem): 7
anti calc: 3
anti gingivitis: 2
anti stain: 3
anti halitosis: 4
Anti-caries: NaF, SnF2, Sodium Monofluorophosphate
Desensitizer: Potassium nitrate, Potassium citrate, Potassium chloride, CSP, SnF2, CPP-ACP, 5,000 ppm NaF
Anti-calculus: Pyrophosphate salts, Zinc salts, Sodium hexametaphosphate
Anti-gingivitis: Stannous fluoride, chlorohexidine gluconate
Anti-stain: Hydrogen and calcium peroxide, sodium bicarbonate
Anti-halitosis: CHX, cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), zinc formulations,
Stannous fluoride + sodium metaphosphate
REVIEW mouthrinse
Anti-caries: 2
Desensitizer : 2
Anti-gingivitis: 3
Antiseptic: 1
Anti-caries: NaF, SnF2
Desensitizer: NaF, SnF2
Anti-gingivitis: Essential oils, CPC, chlorhexidine gluconate (short-term, Rx)
Antiseptic: Peroxide (short-term)
