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Dental Eruption Flashcards

1
Q

Define tooth eruption: (3)

A

Teeth emerge through the soft tissue of the jaws and overlying mucosa to:

  • enter the oral cavity
  • contact teeth of opposing arch
  • function in mastication
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2
Q

Tooth eruption is related to…?

A

growth and development of other craniofacial structures

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3
Q

When does tooth eruption end?

A

continuous process that ends only with the loss of the tooth

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4
Q

What are the phases of tooth eruption? (3)

A
  1. Preeruptive
  2. Prefunctional eruptive
  3. Functional eruptive
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5
Q

What is the pre-eruptive phase of tooth eruption? (2)

A
  • during crown and root formation there is required movements of the tooth
  • happens inside the alveolar bone
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6
Q

What is the prefunctional eruptive phase?

A

-phase that goes from the appearance of the tooth in the oral cavity until it reaches occlusion

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7
Q

What is the functional eruptive phase? (3)

A
  • When the tooth reaches occlusal contact it suffers functional eruptive movements
  • ex. compensation of aw growth and occlusal wear of enamel
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8
Q

Does tooth emergence = tooth eruption?

A

NO

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9
Q

Define tooth emergence: (2)

A
  • Tooth appearance in the oral
    cavity.

-from preeruptive movements to prefunctional eruption.

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10
Q

Stages of preeruptive phase? (2)

A
  • crown completes calcification and starts root formation

- migration of teeth inside alveolar bone towards occlusal

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11
Q

What type of displacement occurs with the preeruptive phase?

A
  • Lateral from LINGUAL to BUCCAL

- NO vertical displacement

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12
Q

Preeruptive phase: what accomodation occurs? (3)

A
  • of tooth germs inside alveolar bone to reach their place of emergence
  • distal, lingual, buccal, mesial movements
  • slight rotations
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13
Q

What are the stages of prefunctional eruptive phase?

A
  • starts when tooth emerges in the oral cavity until reachers occlusal contact
  • starts when 2/3 of root is formed
  • EXCEPT on central incisor & 1st lower permanent molar = starts when half the root is formed
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14
Q

What type of displacement occurs with prefunctional eruptive phase?

A
  • Intense vertical displacement

- faster than the bone development in that direction

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15
Q

Which teeth do not start in the prefunctional eruptive stage when 2/3 of the root is formed ? when do they?

A

half of the root

  • Central incisor
  • lower first permanent molar
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16
Q

What are the two types of eruption during the prefunctional eruptive phase?

A

• Active eruption: Emergency of the crown in the oral cavity.
• Passive eruption: Displacement of the epithelial insertion
(gingiva) in an apical direction

*happen at the same time

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17
Q

What are the stages of the functional eruptive phase? (3)

A
  • age 13-18: final eruption of crown (2-3mm) enabling correct adaptation to facial growth
  • age 18-20:new eruptive balance coinciding with end of facial growth

*once occlusion is achieved. difficult to confirm that these movements occur

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18
Q

What are the types of movements in the functional eruptive phase? (3)

A
  • movements that compensate the alveolar bone’s growth
  • interproximal wear
  • occlusal wear
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19
Q

Describe movements that compensate the alveolar bone’s growth for functional eruptive phase: (2)

A
  • Bone continues growing after occlusion is achieved

- teeth do not separate one from eachother

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20
Q

Describe interproximal wear movements for functional eruptive phase: (2)

A
  • Teeth still have contact

- contact due to transeptal ligaments between the teeth and the anterior factor of the occlusal forces

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21
Q

Describe occlusal wear movements for functional eruptive phase:

A
  • teeth still remain in contact

- due to periodontal ligament

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22
Q

What are the theories of mechanism of eruption? (5)

A
  • Root formation
  • Hydrostatic pressure (vascular theory)
  • Modifications of the alveolar bone
  • Periodontal ligament
  • Apical Cellular proliferation
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23
Q

Mechanism of tooth eruption: root formation theory?

A

believed that the root elongation generates a force that impulses the tooth towards occlusal

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24
Q

What is wrong with the root formation mechanism of eruption theory? (3)

A
  • Clinically we may see that the tooth moves a longer way than the roots length.
  • Anatomic and histologic findings show that the root elongation provokes more bone
    reabsorption than tooth eruption.
  • Experiments show that the tooth continues its emergence even if the root is sectioned.
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25
Mechanism of tooth eruption: hydrostatic pressure / vascular theory? (2)
- The erupting tooth moves from an area of increased pressure to an area of decreased pressure. - Because the ground substance retains additional water, increasing this way the pressure in this area.
26
Mechanism of tooth eruption: problems with the hydrostatic pressure / vascular theory?
Section the root or the | basal area, eruption still happens.
27
Mechanism of tooth eruption: Modifications of the alveolar bone theory (2)
- There will be bone apposition/reabsorption that will form an eruption channel. - Even if the tooth germ is extracted, leaving the tooth follicle intact, the eruption channel is formed.
28
Mechanism of tooth eruption: problems with modifications of the alveolar bone theory?
The doubt is if the formation of this eruption channel also | produces the eruption movements.
29
Mechanism of tooth eruption: periodontal ligament theory (4)
- The cell to cell adherence between the fibroblasts of the periodontal ligament - The presence of contractile elements in the ligaments fibroblasts - Remodeling of the principal fiber bundles of the periodontal ligament -Inside the periodontal ligament theory there is the Hammock ligament, that goes form one side to the other of the alveolus underneath the dental apex pushing the tooth upwards
30
What is the Hammock ligament?
Inside the periodontal ligament theory there is the Hammock ligament, that goes form one side to the other of the alveolus underneath the dental apex pushing the tooth upwards
31
Mechanism of tooth eruption: periodontal ligament theory problems?
Rejected because this ligament does not have bone | connections, so it cannot have the force that corresponds to produce the eruption
32
Mechanism of tooth eruption: Apical cellular proliferation theory?
- A cellular growth in this area might produce eruption.
33
Mechanism of tooth eruption: Apical cellular proliferation theory problems?
- This idea is desestimated because even inhibiting this cellular growth there is eruption
34
How many children have symptoms during tooth eruption? When?
2/3 of children few days before emergence
35
Symptoms of tooth eruption? (8)
 Irritability (they will cry more frequently…)  Slight fever (when slight fever appears, the basal metabolism accelerates, possibly accelerating the eruption)  Infection of the airways (there may be a concomitance of an airways infection and tooth eruption. Tooth eruption will not provoke the airways infection)  Excessive salivation (Because of the constant biting and friction) Diarrhea (Because of all the saliva they swallow. It also coincides with changes in their diet) Constipation Loss of appetite Cutaneous eruption (perioral and perianal eruptions)
36
What are the local signs of tooth eruption? (2)
- Redness in the area | - Ischemia
37
How do we treat tooth soreness from eruption? (2)
- Cold bitters | - Apiretal or Dalsy
38
First primary tooth to erupt ?
lower central incisors
39
2nd primary tooth to erupt ?
upper central incisors
40
3rd primary tooth to erupt ?
upper lateral incisors
41
4th primary tooth to erupt ?
lower lateral incisors
42
5th primary tooth to erupt ?
lower first molar
43
6th primary tooth to erupt ?
upper first molar
44
7th primary tooth to erupt ?
lower canine
45
8th primary tooth to erupt ?
upper canine
46
9th primary tooth to erupt ?
lower second molar
47
10th primary tooth to erupt ?
upper second molar
48
What is the 6-7 demirjian stage?
- when more than half the root is completed | - when tooth emergence occurs
49
Permanent tooth emergence age: Central incisor?
7 years old
50
Permanent tooth emergence age: Lateral incisor
8yrs
51
Permanent tooth emergence age: Canine
10-13 yrs
52
Permanent tooth emergence age: 1st premolar
9-10yrs
53
Permanent tooth emergence age: 2nd premolar
10-11 yrs
54
Permanent tooth emergence age: 1st molar
6yrs
55
Permanent tooth emergence age: 2nd molar
12yrs
56
Favorable eruption of posterior teeth in upper arch?
1st PM-2nd PM- C-2nd M
57
Not desfavorable eruption of posterior teeth in upper arch?
1st PM-C-2nd PM- 2nd M
58
Desfavorable eruption of posterior teeth in upper arch?
1st PM-2nd M-2nd PM or C
59
Favorable eruption of posterior teeth in lower arch?
C-1st PM-2nd PM- 2nd M
60
Not desfavorable eruption of posterior teeth in lower arch?
1st PM-C-2nd PM- 2nd M
61
desfavorable eruption of posterior teeth in lower arch?
2nd M before C / 2nd M before 2nd PM

Spanish Peds (9 decks)

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