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Spanish Peds > Caries > Flashcards

Caries Flashcards

1
Q

Removing caries uses an _______ technique

A

invasive

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2
Q

What two factors cause caries?

A
  • failed prevention

- loss of remineralization and demineralization balance

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3
Q

3 objectives in cavitary preparation?

A
  1. Return the anatomy and function to the loss tooth not only by a pathological process but also traumatic and congenital.
  2. Improve or modify the conditions of the tooth.
  3. Avoid a possible future injury.
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4
Q

Primary tooth most affected by caries?

A

molars

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5
Q

Why do caries progress faster in primary dentition?

A

because the pulp chamber is bigger

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6
Q

Why are molars more susceptible to caries?

A
  • faster progression (esp at interproximal level)
  • preventive measures less effective
  • greater pulpal complications than in the permanent dentition
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7
Q

Cavity preparation steps? (5)

A
  • Access to the lesion
  • Caries removal
  • Shape of the cavity walls
  • Bevel preparation on enamel margin
  • Cleaning and drying of the cavity
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8
Q

Types of lesion access for cavity preparation? (2)

A
  • Lesion can produce sufficient opening

- Sometimes necessary to eliminate healthy tissue to remove the infected material in tooth

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9
Q

What instrument is used to access the lesion in cavity preparation? (3)

A
  • high speed burs ALWAYS with refrigeration
  • diamond or tungsten burs
  • most used are pear shaped (330)
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10
Q

What instrument do we use to remove affected dentin? (3)

A
  • excavators
  • round tungsten burs for low speed
  • Manual removal may be the best accepted by children, but it takes time. It is done
    with excavators from the depth of the cavity towards the outer surface
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11
Q

What is the shape of the cavity walls?

A
  • slightly concave due to convexity of burs
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12
Q

Bevel preparation on enamel margins for cavity preparation? (2)

A

• There is not enough information on whether the preparation of a
bevel in the margins of the cavity favors the results of the adhesive
techniques.
• It is preferably used on anterior teeth.

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13
Q

How do we clean and dry the cavity for cavity preparation?

A

• Preparation should be cleaned with water or a disinfectant solution
such as chlorhexidine to eliminate bacterial remains and detritus.
• Dry before starting with the restorative procedure.

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14
Q

What are Black’s classification for cavity design? (5)

A
  • Extension for prevention
  • Extension for retention
  • Extension for resistance
  • Extension for aesthetics
  • Extension for necessity
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15
Q

What is Black’s extension for prevention?

A

Cavity finishes in places where normally happens autoclisis

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16
Q

What is Black’s extension for retention? (2)

A
  • The amalgam has no adhesion to the walls, so the cavity has to have retentive
    walls.
  • This is achieved by having a bigger base than surface of the cavity
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17
Q

What is Black’s extension for resistance?

A
  • have to provide enough volume for the restorative material so there are no fractures
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18
Q

What is Black’s extension for esthetics?

A
  • outline of the cavity will have rounded shapes that will harmonize with the dental
    anatomy
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19
Q

What is Black’s extension for necessity?

A

It is done to have access to the caries, mainly in the inter

proximal caries

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20
Q

Which of Black’s principles are especially useful today? (2)

A
  • retention and resistance

- especially preparations that are more fragile to occlusal forces and chemical action

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21
Q

What is the recommendation for cavity preparation today with regards to blacks principles?

A

Make the preparation limiting its extension to the essential and without applying the classic principles of Black

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22
Q

What is a class I cavity? (4)

A

Lesions that begin in structural defects of teeth:

  • pits
  • fissures
  • defective grooves
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23
Q

Where can you find a class I cavity? (2)

A
  • occlusal surface of molars and premolars

- lingual surfaces of anterior teeth

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24
Q

What instrument do we use for class I cavity?

A
  • Pearshaped carbide bur #330

- Diamond round bur

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25
Q

What do we penetrate for a Class I cavity?

A
  • penetrate the pit or groove with caries
26
Q

What are the dimensions for a class I cavity?

A

In the vestibular-lingual and
mesio-distal direction are at
least 0.75mm and would be
determined by the extension of the caries

27
Q

What is the depth of a class I cavity? (3)

A

determines by the caries

  • cannot exceed 1.2 mm in first primary molars
  • cannot exceed 1.5mm in the second primary molars
28
Q

How are the floor and cavity walls for a class I cavity?

A

Slightly concave due to convexity of active part of the bur

29
Q

What should always be respected for a tooth?

A

The marginal, oblique and transverse ridge free of caries

30
Q

What is a class II cavity?

A

Smooth interproximal surfaces of posterior teeth

31
Q

What instrument do we use for class II cavity?

A

PEARSHAPED CARBIDE BUR #330 or diamond round bur.

32
Q

What is the access for the class II cavities?

A

Occlusal access with the bur paralell to the long axis of the tooth

33
Q

What are the dimensions for a class II cavity?

A

Vestibular-lingual and mesio-distal direction are at least

0.75mm and would be determined by the extension of the caries

34
Q

How big should a class II cavity be?

A

Maximum 1/3 of the vestibular-lingual distance

35
Q

What is the recommended preparation for class II cavity? (2)

A
  • Occlusal-proximal preparation depending on the size and access to the lesion
  • some authors recommend an interproximal preparation with vestibular and lingual walls converging towards occlusal (esp cases where we use material w/less resistance to occlusal forces)
36
Q

Class II cavities and occlusal box?

A

Occlusal box will follow the indications given for class I cavities

37
Q

What is the depth of a class II cavity? (2)

A

Determined by the caries

- should be supragingival

38
Q

What makes adhesion more effective in class II cavity?

A

Adamantine tissue

39
Q

How are the floor and cavity walls for a class II cavity?

A

slightly concave

40
Q

What must be used in a class II cavity to avoid harming adjacent teeth?

A

the matrix

41
Q

What is a class III cavity?

A

Interproximal surface of canines and incisors that does not affect the incisal angle

42
Q

What surfaces are usually affected for class II cavities? (3)

A
  • Mesial surface of primary incisor
  • Distal surface of canines
  • most upper incisors affected
43
Q

Where is the preparation done by for class III cavity?

A
  • Maxilar: palatal surface

- Mandible: labial surface

44
Q

Where is the affected structure eliminated until?

A

until reaching the interproximal contact
- sometimes the extension
is greater if the size of the lesion requires it

45
Q

How are the floor and cavity walls for a class III cavity?

A

Slightly concave

46
Q

What can you do for better esthetics and bigger surface for the composite in a class III cavity?

A

Wide bevel in the enamel with a diamond bur

47
Q

What must you use in a class III cavity?

A

The matrix to avoid harming of the adjacent teeth

48
Q

What is a class IV cavity?

A

Interproximal surface of canines and incisors that AFFECTS the incisal angle

49
Q

What happens to a class III caries if not treated? why?

A
  • Can easily progress to a class IV

- Little height of the crowns

50
Q

How do you prepare a class IV cavity?

A

Eliminate the affected structure preparing an interproximal cavity different from class III because we will traspass with the bur the vestibular and lingual/palatal walls

51
Q

How are the floor and cavity walls for a class III cavity?

A

Slightly concave

52
Q

How do you bevel a class IV?

A

Wide bevel in the enamel with a diamond bur

53
Q

What must you use in a class IV?

A

Matrix to avoid harming of the adjacent teeth

54
Q

What is a class V cavity?

A

Situated in the gingival third of the free surfaces of the teeth

55
Q

What does a class V cavity in the lower arch mean? why?

A

Patient has high susceptibility

- area protected by actions of tongue lips and saliva

56
Q

Class V usually affects which tooth?

A

Second primary molars

57
Q

How do we prepare a class V cavity?

A

Put the 330 bur or round diamond bur perpendicular to

the surface

58
Q

How are the walls and floor for class V cavity?

A

Slightly concave

59
Q

What gives more retention for the class V? (2)

A

Convergence of the incisal and gingival walls.

Will also avoid gingival bleeding

60
Q

Should we use a gingival retraction cord?

A

Not recommended in primary dentition

Spanish Peds (9 decks)

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