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ESSENTIAL > Dental > Flashcards

Dental Flashcards

1
Q

Centric Relation aka

A

retruded contact position

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2
Q

CR is a relationship fo the bones of the upper and lower jaws ___ of tooth contact.

A

independent

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3
Q

Centric occlusion aka

A

intercuspal position

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4
Q

Centric occlusion is the relationship between?

A

mx and mn occlusal surfaces that provides the maximum intercuspation between the teeth.

Independent of condylar position; it is a “tooth guided” position.

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5
Q

Character of occlusal contacts in the unworn dental arch are:

A

point-to-point
point-to-area
edge-to-edge
edge-area

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6
Q

Bruxism may result in nonphysiological what contact?

A

area-to-area

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7
Q

four theoretical determinants needed to restore a complete and functional occlusal surface of a tooth are:

A
  1. amt of vertical overlap of the anterior teeth
  2. The contour of the articular eminence
  3. The amt and direction of lateral shift in the working side condyle
  4. The position of the tooth in the arch
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8
Q

Open bite aka

A

negative overbite

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9
Q

Underjet

A

mx teeth are lingual to mn. teeth

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10
Q

Curve of spee

A

Anteroposterior curvature of occlusal surfaces, beginning at the tip of the lower canine, following the buccal cusp tips of the premolars and molars and continuing to the anterior border of the ramus.

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11
Q

Curve of Wilson

A

Mediolateral curve that contacts the buccal and lingual cusp tips on each side of the arch.

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12
Q

Sphere of Monson or the Monson Curve is

A

Curve of Spee + Curve of Wilson

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13
Q

Mn functions as a class?

A

III Lever

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14
Q

In the oblique ridge:

MB cusp opposes

A

MB groove of the mn. first molar

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15
Q

In mx. oblique ridge: the DB cusp opposes

A

DB groove of mn. 1st molar

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16
Q

Class I

A

Mn first permanent molar is slightly anterior to the maxillary first molar.
Mx canine is btw. mn. canine and first premolar in normal canine relationship.

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17
Q

Class II Div I

A

Mx. arch is positioned mesially, with mx. 1st MB cusp btw. mn. 1st molar and 2nd PM.

Mx. canine is ant. to mn. canine.

Excessive anterior overjet.

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18
Q

Class II Div II

A

Mx arch positioned mesially, Mx 1st MB cusp btw mn. 1st molar and 2nd PM.
Mx. canine is ant. to mn. canine

Incisors have less anterior overjet but deeper vertical overbite than Class II Div. I.

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19
Q

Class III

A

Mn 1st molar is mesial to mx. 1st molar

Mx 1st MB cusp occluding distal to buccal groove of the Mn 1st molar.

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20
Q

Non-supporting cusps aka

A

balancing, guiding, shearing, or non-centric cusps

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21
Q

temporomandibular ligament aka lateral ligament

A

prevents posterior and inferior displacement of the condyle.
Main stabilizing ligament of the TMJ.

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22
Q

Spenomandibular ligament (attached to lingula) and Stylomandibular ligaments (attached to angle of the mandible)

A

Responsible for limitation of mandibular movements (limit excessive openings)

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23
Q

Collateral Ligaments aka discal ligaments

A

restrict movement of the disc away from the condyle during function. Composed of collagenous CT.

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24
Q

Two distinct motions in the joint?

A

rotation

translation

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25
Q

Lower compartment (condyle-articular disc) function

A

only a hinge-type or rotary motion can occur.

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26
Q

Upper compartment (mandibular fossa-articular disc) function

A

only sliding movements or translatory motion can occur.

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27
Q

The mn is moved in a number of planes:

  1. frontal plane
  2. horizontal plane
  3. sagittal plane
A
  1. up and down
  2. side to side
  3. forwards and backwards
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28
Q

Centric occlusion or intercuspal position is a what position?

A

tooth-guided

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29
Q

Rest position of the mn or postural position is a what position?

A

muscle-guided position

30
Q

Centric relation or the retruded contact position–is a what position?

A

ligament-guided position

31
Q

PDL have which fibers

A

principal fibers which are collagenous. They’re terminal portion are termed Sharpey’s fibers

32
Q

Principal fibers are arranged in what 6 groups

A 
transseptal fibers
alveolar crest fibers
horizontal fibers
oblique fibers
apical fibers
interradicular fibers
33
Q

transseptal fibers

A

keep teeth aligned

belong to gingiva because do not have osseous attachment.

34
Q

alveolar crest fibers

A

prevent the extrusion of the tooth and resist lateral tooth movements.

35
Q

oblique fibers

A

largest group in PDL

Bear the brunt of vertical masticatory stresses and tranform them into tension on the alveolar bone.

36
Q

apical fibers

A

do not occur on incompletely formed roots

37
Q

Cell types in PDL

A

fibroblasts-most common
cementoblasts
osteoblasts

38
Q

non-keratinized oral tissue

A

buccal mucosa
soft palate
floor of mouth
junctional epithelium

39
Q

Peridontium has 2 parts

A

Gingiva

Attachment apparatus

40
Q

Attachment apparatus composed of:

A

PDL
Cementum
Alveolar process of the maxillae and mandible

41
Q

Function of cementum

A

support for the fibers of PDL

42
Q

Collagen type in reticular fibers

A

Type III

43
Q

Collagen fibers in basal lamina

A

Type IV

44
Q

Amt of collagen in a tissue is determined by

A

hydroxyproline

45
Q

3 sources of blood supply to gingiva

A

supraperiosteal arterioles
vessels of PDL
Arterioles-emerge from crest

46
Q

supraperiosteal arterioles

A

along facial and lingual surfaces of the alveolar bone,

47
Q

vessels of PDL

A

extend into gingiva and anastomose with capillaries in the sulcus area.

48
Q

Functional matrix theory

A

Soft tissue is the primary determinant of growth
Bone is responsive to soft tissue
Deglutition influences mandibular growth
The soft tissues of the brain expand thus pacing growth of the flat bones of the skull

49
Q

Teratogen that causes cleft lip and palate

A

aspirin, valium, dilantin, cigarette smoke (hypoxia)

50
Q

teratogen that causes microcephaly

A

x-radiation

51
Q

teratogen that causes central mid-face discrepancy

A

ehtyl alcohol

52
Q

teratogen that causes premature suture closure

A

Vitamin D excess

53
Q

teratogen that causes microcephaly, hydrocephaly, microphthalmia

A

Cytomegalovirus, toxoplasma

54
Q

teratogen that causes microphthalmia (1 eye smaller than other or both small), cataracts, deafness

A

Rubella virus

55
Q

sulcular epithelium

A

thin, nonkeratinized stratifed squamous epi without rege pegs.
Lines gingival sulcus.

56
Q

PDL function

A

Nutritive: contains a vascular network providing nutrients to its cells
Sensory: contains afferent nerve fibers responsible for pain, pressure, proprioception.
Support
Formative
Remodeling

57
Q

Two types of nerves in PDL

A
  1. afferent or sensory, which is myelinated and transmits sensation.
  2. Autonomic sympathetic, which regulates the blood vessels
58
Q

2 types of nerve endings in PDL

A
  1. free nerve endings; convey pain

2. encapsulated nerve endings; convey pressure.

59
Q

Sheding of Primary Teeth

A

Max: 6-7-10-9-10
Mn: 6-7-9-9-10

60
Q

Shedding of Permanent Teeth

A

Mx: 7-8-11-10 to 11-10 to 12-6-12-17(-21)
Mn: 6-7-9-10 to 12-11-6-11-17

61
Q

Cells found in pulp

A

fibroblasts
odontoblasts
undifferentiated mesenchymal cells

62
Q

Autonomic Nerve fibers

A

only sumpathtic autonomic fibers found in the pulp.

Unmyelinated fibers that travel to blood vessels

63
Q

Afferent (Sensory) fibers

A

Predominately myelinated fibers

Form nerve plexus of Raschkow.

64
Q

Pulp functions

A

nutritive
sensory
protective

65
Q

dentinogenesis imperfecta

A

genetic disturbance of dentin formation
crown has opalescence (bluish-brown color)
Weak teeth, subject to attrition

66
Q

Turner’s hypoplasia

A

individual teeth exhibit a disturbance of enamel maturation due to a developmental disturbance like trauma or infection.
Due to trauma.
periapical infection of primary predecessor can cause it.

67
Q

Hutchinson’a teeth

A

sign of congenital syphillis.

68
Q

Mottled enamel

A

aka dental fluorosis.

69
Q

Temporomandibular ligament limits

A

amt of opening and retrusion of mn.

Initates downward motion of condyle

70
Q

Flexion

A

bend in only the root of the tooth due to trauma. Less than 90 degrees, in apical 1/3/

71
Q

Partial anodontia

A

aka hypodontia

2 missing teeth

ESSENTIAL (6 decks)

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