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PPL - Meteorology > Density, Pressure & Temperature > Flashcards

Density, Pressure & Temperature Flashcards

1
Q

Which gas law is defined below?

At a constant temperature, the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure

A

Boyles Law (PV = K1)

P = pressure (Pa)
V = Volume (m^3)
K1 = Constant (Joules)

If a contained with fixed amount of molecules inside is reduced in volume, more molecules hit the sides, causing greater pressure

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2
Q

Which gas law is defined below?

The volume of gas at a constant pressure is directly propotional to its absolute temperature

A

Charles Law (V = K2T)
T = Absolute temperature (Kelvin)
K2 = Constant produced

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3
Q

Which gas law is defined below?

The pressure of an atmosphere is simply the sum of pressures of the individual gases within the atmosphere

A

Daltons Law (Ptotal = P1 + P2 + P3 + Pn)
Ptotal = sum of all pressures
Pn = Individual pressure

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4
Q

Which gas law is defined below?

The amount of gas dissolved in a liquid is proportional to the gas pressure outside of the liquid.
If the pressure of a liquid is reduced, then the amount of gas dissolved in the liquid will reduce

A

Henerys Law (P = Kh C)
P = partial pressure
C = concentration of the solute
Kh = Constant with dimensions of pressure divided by concentration

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5
Q

What is Boyles Law

A

At a constant temperature, the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure

Pressure increases, volume decreases

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6
Q

What is Charles Law

A

At a constant pressure, the volume of gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.

If temperature increases, volume increases

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7
Q

What is Henrys Law

A

The amount of gas dissolved in a liquid is proportional to the gas pressure outside of the liquid.
If the pressure of a liquid is reduced, then the amount of gas dissolved in the liquid will reduce

Think about the squeezed bottle and water. Release the bottle cap, the water turns into cloud

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8
Q

What is Daltons Law

A

The pressure of an atmosphere is simply the sum of pressures of the individual gases within the atmosphere

Ptotal = P1 + P2 + P3

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9
Q

As pressure decreases, what happesn to density

A

DECREASES

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10
Q

As temperature decreases, what happens to density

A

INCREASES

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11
Q

The ____ in density due to ____ in altitude has ____ effect than the ____ in density due to ____ reduction

INCREASE // MORE // TEMPERATURE // INCREASE // DECREASE

A
  1. DECREASE in density
  2. INCREASE in altitude
  3. MORE effect
  4. INCREASE in density
  5. TEMPERATURE reduction
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12
Q

Aircraft performance is better in MORE or LESS dense air

A

MORE

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13
Q

What is the most important criteria impacting aircraft performance

A

AIR DENSITY

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14
Q

What does an altimeter measure

A

PRESSURE

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15
Q

When flying from low pressure to high pressure, what will the altimeter read

A

UNDER READ
Higher than you think you are

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16
Q

When flying high pressure to low pressure, what will the altimeter read

A

OVER READ
Lower than you think you are

17
Q

What is an ASR

A

ALTIMETER SETTING REGION

18
Q

The pressure setting within an ASR is known as what

A

REGIONAL PRESSURE SETTING
(RPS)

19
Q

The RPS pressure setting given to pilots is what

what are the 2 criteria

A
  1. LOWEST forecast
  2. NEXT 2 hours
20
Q

What are the 3 levels your altimeter can be set to

In reference to datum, not the subscale i.e. QNH

A
  1. ALTITUDE
  2. HEIGHT
  3. FLIGHT LEVEL
21
Q

What is QNH and what is it referenced to

A
  1. Measure of ALTITUDE
  2. Reference MEAN SEA LEVEL
22
Q

What is QFE and what is it referenced to

A
  1. Measure of HEIGHT
  2. Reference AIRFIELD ELEVATION
23
Q

What is Standard Pressure Setting (SPS) and what is it referenced to

A
  1. FLIGHT LEVEL
  2. 1013 hPa
24
Q

At what point is it known as when the altimeter of a climbing aircraft is changed from QNH to Flight Level

A

TRANSITION ALTITUDE

25
Q

At what point is it known as when the altimter of an aircraft descending is changed from Flight Level to QNH

A

TRANSITION LEVEL

26
Q

Where can a pilot obtain the Transition Altitutude

A

Published in the UK AIP

27
Q

Where can a pilot obtain the Transition Level

A

Notified by ATC

28
Q

What is the space between the transition level and transition altitude known as

A

TRANSITION LAYER

29
Q

The transition level is ABOVE or BELOW the transition altitude

A

ABOVE

30
Q

Points of equal temperature are known as what

A

ISOTHERMS

31
Q

What are altimeters calibrated against

A

International Standard Atmosphere (ISA)
+15℃
1.225 kg/㎥
-2℃ per 1000 ft

Deviation from ISA will result in altimeter error i.e. when its coler or warmer outside than ISA

32
Q

Why is a column of warm air taller than a column of cold air

A

LESS DENSE

Warm air expands, molecules further apart
Pressure levels in warm air are more widely spaced

33
Q

When temperature increases with altitude, this is known as what

A

TEMPERATURE INVERSION

34
Q

Visibility beneath the inversion layer is GOOD or POOR

A

POOR

Dust and smoke particles get trapped at the inversion layer

35
Q

What is an air mass descending called

A

SUBSIDENCE

36
Q

Subsidences in are are associated with which pressure systems

A

HIGH PRESSURE
(Anti Cyclone)

37
Q

What are 3 causes of inversion

A
  1. SUBSIDENCE
  2. FRONTAL
  3. RADIATION

PPL - Meteorology (17 decks)

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