Demography,migration: lesson 41&42 Flashcards
What is internal migration, immigration and emigration?
Internal- moving within a country to a different region
Emigration- moving out of a country
Immigration- moving into a country
What is net migration?
Difference between number of people who emigrated and immigrated
What happens if net migration is positive?
- population grows
What happens if net migration is negative?
- population falls
What was immigration like from 1900-45?
- Irish we’re largest group , for economic reasons
- eastern and Northern European Jews were 2nd largest group, escaping conflict
- North American 3rd largest group
What was immigration like 1950s onward?
- immigrants from Caribbean, Asia and Africa, economic reasons
- since EU referendum in 2016 non-white immigration increased
- 1994+ positive net migration
Why do people migrate?
- economic reasons
- escaping conflict
- higher living standards
- climate
- family
- education
- globalisation
Separate reasons for migrating into push and pull factors
Push
- escape conflict
- economic factors
Pull
- education
- standards of living
- climate
- family
What impact has migration had on family diversity?
- increased diversity
- changed family structures
- dependency ratio
How has migration effected dependency ratio?
- immigrants have more children increasing dependency ratio
- children grow up and work decreasing ratio
What’s the difference between economic migrants and refugees?
Economic migrants come for jobs whilst refugees come to escape war
What types of migrants exist?
- economic
- refugee
- illegal
- student
- forced (trafficking)
Why are 1/2 of global migrants now women?
- due to change of roles in jobs, e.g service roles and sex services because western men are unwilling to take on domestic duties
What are ‘hybrid identities’?
Creating new sense of belonging based off of native countries culture
What are Marxist views on immigration?
- migrants are proletariate
- politicalisation by bourgeoisie maintains false consciousness through maintaining conflict
- exploitation of immigrants in work
